Search results for "Kinase"

Activation of AMPK by medicinal plants and natural products: Its role in type 2 diabetes mellitus

2019

Type-2 Diabetes (T2D) is a metabolic disease characterized by permanent hyperglycemia, whose development can be prevented or delayed by using therapeutic agents and implementing lifestyle changes. Some therapeutic alternatives include regulation of glycemia through modulation of different mediators and enzymes, such as AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a highly relevant cellular energy sensor for metabolic homeostasis regulation, with particular relevance in the modulation of liver and muscle insulin sensitivity. This makes it a potential therapeutic target for antidiabetic drugs. In fact, some of them are standard drugs used for treatment of T2D, such as biguanides and thiazoli-dindione…

Effects of fatiguing jumping exercise on mRNA expression of titin-complex proteins and calpains.

2009

Eccentric exercise induced by electrostimulation increases mRNA expression of titin-complex proteins in rodent skeletal muscle. In this study, mRNA expression of titin, muscle LIM protein (MLP), cardiac ankyrin repeat protein (CARP), ankyrin repeat domain protein 2 (Ankrd2), diabetes-related ankyrin repeat protein (DARP), and calcium-activated proteinases, calpains, were investigated in human skeletal muscle after fatiguing jumping exercise. Fatiguing jumping exercise did not change mRNA expression of titin, DARP, calpain 1, or calpain 3. MLP, Ankrd2 and calpain 2 mRNA levels were increased 2 days postexercise. CARP mRNA level was already elevated 30 min and remained elevated 2 days postexe…

Angiotensin II dependent cardiac remodeling in the eel Anguilla anguilla involves the NOS/NO system

2017

Angiotensin II (AngII), the principal effector of the Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS), plays an important role in controlling mammalian cardiac morpho-functional remodelling. In the eel Anguilla anguilla, one month administration of AngII improves cardiac performance and influences the expression and localization of molecules which regulate cell growth. To deeper investigate the morpho-functional chronic influences of AngII on the eel heart and the molecular mechanisms involved, freshwater eels (A. anguilla) were intraperitoneally injected for 2 months with AngII (1 nmol g BW-1). Then the isolated hearts were subjected to morphological and western blotting analyses, and nitrite measurements.…

CitA/CitB Two-Component System Regulating Citrate Fermentation in Escherichia coli and Its Relation to the DcuS/DcuR System In Vivo

2011

ABSTRACT Citrate fermentation by Escherichia coli requires the function of the citrate/succinate antiporter CitT ( citT gene) and of citrate lyase ( citCDEFXG genes). Earlier experiments suggested that the two-component system CitA/CitB, consisting of the membrane-bound sensor kinase CitA and the response regulator CitB, stimulates the expression of the genes in the presence of citrate, similarly to CitA/CitB of Klebsiella pneumoniae . In this study, the expression of a chromosomal citC-lacZ gene fusion was shown to depend on CitA/CitB and citrate. CitA/CitB is related to the DcuS/DcuR two-component system which induces the expression of genes for fumarate respiration in response to C 4 -di…

An in-depth evaluation of acalabrutinib for the treatment of mantle-cell lymphoma

2020

Introduction: Regimens involving intensive immuno-chemotherapy, followed by high-dose therapy and autologous stem cell transplant represent the standard treatment for younger fit patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). Targeted approaches (i.e. ibrutinib, bortezomib, and lenalidomide) represent the backbone of therapy for relapsed cases. Areas covered: Acalabrutinib is a novel small molecule with a butynamide moiety specifically designed to irreversibly inhibit Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK), which is more potent and selective than ibrutinib. Relevant publications have been identified through literature searches using the terms 'mantle cell lymphoma' and 'acalabrutinib'. Expert opinion: Aca…

Diverse stress signals activate the C1 subgroup MAP kinases ofArabidopsis

2007

AbstractMitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades play an important role in mediating stress responses in plants. In Arabidopsis, 20 MAPKs have been identified and classified into four major groups (A–D). Little is known about the role of group C MAPKs. We have studied the activation of Arabidopsis subgroup C1 MAPKs (AtMPK1/AtMPK2) in response to mechanical injury. An increase in their kinase activity was detected in response to wounding that was blocked by cycloheximide. Jasmonic acid (JA) activated AtMPK1/AtMPK2 in the absence of wounding. Wound and JA-induction of AtMPK1/2 kinase activity was not prevented in the JA-insensitive coi1 mutant. Other stress signals, such as abscisic a…

Diacetyl and acetoin production from the co-metabolism of citrate and xylose by Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides.

1997

The co-metabolism of citrate plus xylose by Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides results in a growth stimulation, an increase in D-lactate and acetate production and repression of ethanol production. This correlated well with the levels of key enzymes involved. A partial repression of alcohol dehydrogenase and a marked stimulation of acetate kinase were observed. High citrate bioconversion yields in diacetyl plus acetoin were obtained at pH 5.2 in batch (11.5%) or in chemostat (up to 17.4%) culture. In contrast, no diacetyl or acetoin was detected in citrate plus glucose fermentation.

Systematic Analysis of Combined Thrombolysis Using Ultrasound and Different Fibrinolytic Drugs in an in Vitro Clot Model of Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

2021

Adequate removal of blood clots by minimally invasive surgery seems to correlate with a better clinical outcome in patients with intracerebral hemorrhages (ICHs). Moreover, neurotoxic effects of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator have been reported. The aim of this study was to improve fibrinolysis using an intra-clot ultrasound application with tenecteplase and urokinase in our established ICH clot model. One hundred thirty clots were produced from 25 or 50 mL of human blood, incubated for different periods and equipped with drainage, through which an ultrasound catheter was placed in 65 treatment clots for 1 h, randomly allocated into three groups: administration of ultrasound, admi…

2017

Creatine kinase (CK) is a marker for muscle cell damage with limited potential as marker for training load in strength training. Recent exercise studies identified cell free DNA (cfDNA) as a marker for aseptic inflammation and cell damage. Here we overserved in a pilot study the acute effects during strength exercise and chronic effects of regular strength training on cfDNA concentrations over a period of four weeks in three training groups applying conservation training (CT) at 60% of the 1 repetition maximum, high intensity-low repetition training (HT) at 90% of the 1 repetition maximum and differential training (DT) at 60% of the 1 repetition maximum. EDTA-plasma samples were collected b…

TP53 and p16INK4A, but not H-KI-Ras, are involved in tumorigenesis and progression of pleomorphic adenomas.

2006

The putative role of TP53 and p16INK4A tumor suppressor genes and Ras oncogenes in the development and progression of salivary gland neoplasias was studied in 28 cases of pleomorphic adenomas (PA), 4 cases of cystic adenocarcinomas, and 1 case of carcinoma ex-PA. Genetic and epigenetic alterations in the above genes were analyzed by Polymerase Chain Reaction/Single Strand Conformational Polymorphism (PCR/SSCP) and sequencing and by Methylation Specific-PCR (MS-PCR). Mutations in TP53 were found in 14% (4/28) of PAs and in 60% (3/5) of carcinomas. Mutations in H-Ras and K-Ras were identified in4%(1/28) and7% (2/28) of PAs, respectively. Only 20% (1/5) of carcinomas screened displayed mutatio…