Search results for "Kinetic"

showing 10 items of 3064 documents

Sedimentation of dissolved macromolecules in the vicinity of the consolute point 1. Strictly binary systems and kinetic considerations

1986

This paper analyzes the effect of gravity on polymer solutions near the consolute point. Calculations are carried out for monodisperse polystyrene in cyclohexane using the Flory-Huggins expression with a concentration-dependent interaction parameter for the free energy of mixing. Depending on molecular weight and distance to the demixing temperature, the influence of gravity leads to non-negligible gradients of the volume fraction in the one-phase region as well as in the two-phase region. In particular, the effect of gravity on the measurement of the coexistence curve in a finite sample is calculated explicitly.

BinodalPolymers and PlasticsChemistryDispersityThermodynamicsFlory–Huggins solution theoryKinetic energyCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matterchemistry.chemical_compoundColloid and Surface ChemistryCritical point (thermodynamics)Volume fractionMaterials ChemistryBinary systemPolystyrenePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryColloid & Polymer Science
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PSA and PSA Kinetics Thresholds for the Presence of 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT-Detectable Lesions in Patients with Biochemical Recurrent Prostate Cancer

2020

68Ga-PSMA-11 positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is commonly used for restaging recurrent prostate cancer (PC) in European clinical practice. The goal of this study is to determine the optimum time for performing these PET/CT scans in a large cohort of patients by identifying the prostate-specific-antigen (PSA) and PSA kinetics thresholds for detecting and localizing recurrent PC. This retrospective analysis includes 581 patients with biochemical recurrence (BC) by definition. The performance of 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT in relation to the PSA value at the scan time as well as PSA kinetics was assessed by the receiver-operating-characteristic-curve (ROC) generated by plottin…

Biochemical recurrenceCancer Researchmedicine.medical_treatment68Gallium-PSMA PET/CTurologic and male genital diseaseslcsh:RC254-282030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciencesProstate cancer0302 clinical medicine<sup>68</sup>gallium-psma pet/ctprostate-specific-antigenPSA kinetics thresholdsbiochemical recurrenceMedicineoptimal cutoff levelPET-CTPsa kineticsbusiness.industryProstatectomylcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensprostate cancermedicine.diseaseRadiation therapyProstate-specific antigenOncology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisRecurrent prostate cancerbusinessNuclear medicineCancers
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Determination of lectin-cell-binding parameters by a new agglutination technique.

1992

We applied a recently described technique which is based on a light transmission/scattering method to determine the association characteristics of the Geodia lectin to sheep erythrocytes. The agglutination assays were performed in a total volume of 3 ml with 5.4 x 10(6) erythrocytes/ml. At a concentration of 360 ng/ml 50% of the lectin molecules were bound to the cells within the first 10 s of incubation. Scatchard analyses revealed an association constant (K(a)) of 0.9 +/- 0.1 x 10(8) M-1 and a number of 3.8 +/- 0.6 x 10(6) lectin binding sites on one erythrocyte. The method was also successfully applied to determine quantitatively the inhibitory potential of sugars competing with cell sur…

BiochemistryAgglutination techniquechemistry.chemical_compoundLectinsmedicineAnimalsLactoseIncubationchemistry.chemical_classificationScatchard plotChromatographySheepbiologyChemistryLectinHemagglutination TestsHemagglutination Inhibition TestsPoriferaRed blood cellAgglutination (biology)Kineticsmedicine.anatomical_structureReceptors MitogenImmunologyCalibrationbiology.proteinGlycoproteinProtein BindingBiological chemistry Hoppe-Seyler
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A solid device based on doped hybrid composites for controlling the dosage of the biocide N-(3-aminopropyl)-N-dodecyl-1,3-propanediamine in industria…

2015

A colorimetric composite device is proposed to determine the widely used biocide N-(3-aminopropyl)-N-dodecyl-1,3-propanediamine (ADP).This sensing device is based on a film of 1,2-Naphthoquinone-4-sulfonate (NQS) embedded into polydimethylsiloxane-tetraethylortosilicate-SiO2 nanoparticles composite (PDMS-TEOS-SiO2NPs). Semiquantitative analysis can be performed by visual inspection. Digitalized image or diffuse reflectance (DR) measurements can be carried out for quantitative analysis. Satisfactory detection limit (0.018%, w/v) and relative standard deviations <12% were achieved. The proposed device has been applied for the determination of ADP in detergent industrial formulations with reco…

BiocideChemistry PharmaceuticalDetergentsComposite numberAnalytical chemistryNQSNanoparticle02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundDimethylpolysiloxanesDetection limitPropylaminesPolydimethylsiloxaneChemistry010401 analytical chemistrySilanesSilicon Dioxide021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesKineticsColorimetryDiffuse reflection0210 nano-technologyQuantitative analysis (chemistry)DisinfectantsNaphthoquinonesTalanta
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PLA graphene nanoplatelets nanocomposites: Physical properties and release kinetics of an antimicrobial agent

2017

Abstract Graphene nanoplatelets (GnP) as filler and ciprofloxacin (CFX) as biocide were incorporated via melt-compounding into poly(lactic acid) (PLA) to obtain biopolymer-based nanocomposites with antimicrobial properties. GnP were added with the aim of improving the mechanical properties of the antimicrobial system and tuning the drug release. The obtained systems were mechanically characterized in tensile mode by quasi-static and dynamic mechanical tests. Furthermore, rheological measurements were performed. The morphology of the samples was analyzed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Moreover, a mathematical model, i.e. power law model, was used to fit the release data in order…

BiocideMaterials scienceScanning electron microscopeKinetics02 engineering and technologyAntimicrobial activityengineering.material010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineeringpoly(lactic acid) (PLA)RheologyUltimate tensile strengthGraphene nanoplatelets (GnP)Composite materialNanocompositeNanocompositeMechanical EngineeringDrug release021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAntimicrobial0104 chemical sciencesMechanics of MaterialsCeramics and CompositesengineeringBiopolymer0210 nano-technologyMechanical propertieComposites Part B: Engineering
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Effect of Graphene Nanoplatelets on the Physical and Antimicrobial Properties of Biopolymer-Based Nanocomposites

2016

In this work, biopolymer-based nanocomposites with antimicrobial properties were prepared via melt-compounding. In particular, graphene nanoplatelets (GnPs) as fillers and an antibiotic, i.e., ciprofloxacin (CFX), as biocide were incorporated in a commercial biodegradable polymer blend of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and a copolyester (BioFlex®). The prepared materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and rheological and mechanical measurements. Moreover, the effect of GnPs on the antimicrobial properties and release kinetics of CFX was evaluated. The results indicated that the incorporation of GnPs increased the stiffness of the biopolymeric matrix and allowed for the t…

BiocideMaterials scienceScanning electron microscopeKineticsAntimicrobial activity; Ciprofloxacin; Drug release; Graphene nanoplatelets (GnPs); Nanocomposites; Poly(lactic acid) (PLA); Materials Science (all)02 engineering and technologyengineering.material010402 general chemistry01 natural scienceslcsh:TechnologyArticlepoly(lactic acid) (PLA)ciprofloxacinnanocompositesGeneral Materials ScienceComposite materiallcsh:Microscopydrug releaselcsh:QC120-168.85NanocompositeNanocompositeantimicrobial activitylcsh:QH201-278.5lcsh:T021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAntimicrobialBiodegradable polymerCopolyestergraphene nanoplatelets (GnPs)0104 chemical sciencesChemical engineeringnanocomposites; graphene nanoplatelets (GnPs); poly(lactic acid) (PLA); antimicrobial activity; drug release; ciprofloxacinlcsh:TA1-2040engineeringlcsh:Descriptive and experimental mechanicsMaterials Science (all)Biopolymerlcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering0210 nano-technologylcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)lcsh:TK1-9971Materials; Volume 9; Issue 5; Pages: 351
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Adaptive Materials Research for Architecture

2018

The volume "Adaptive Materials Research for Architecture" is a Special Issue of the journal "Advanced Material Research". The goal of this volume is to spread knowledge on studies, analyses and results of scientific research carried out from academics, researchers, and scientists regarding the soundest issues related to smart materials, innovative technologies and ongoing researches in the field of adaptive materials in past and current architectural practice.

Bioclimatic Building Envelope Biomimetics Decarbonisation Innovative Technologies Kinetic Facade Smart Materials Urban RegenerationSettore ICAR/12 - Tecnologia Dell'Architettura
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Design, characterization and in vitro evaluation of 5-aminosalicylic acid loaded N-succinyl-chitosan microparticles for colon specific delivery

2011

The objective of this study was to prepare NS-chitosan microparticles for the delivery of 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) to the colon. Microparticles can spread out over a large area of colon allowing a more effective local efficacy of 5-ASA. N-Succinyl-chitosan was chosen as carrier system because of its excellent pharmaceutical properties in colon drug targeting such as poor solubility in acid environment, biocompatibility, mucoadhesive properties, and low toxicity. It was prepared by introducing succinic group into chitosan N-terminals of the glucosamine units. 5-ASA loaded NS-chitosan microparticles were prepared using spray-drying. As a control, a matrix obtained by freeze-drying techni…

BiocompatibilityCarrier systemColonStatic ElectricityBiocompatible MaterialsNanotechnologyChitosanchemistry.chemical_compoundDrug Delivery SystemsColloid and Surface ChemistryDifferential scanning calorimetryX-Ray DiffractionSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredmedicineZeta potentialHumansDesiccationParticle SizePhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySolubilityMesalamineChitosanCalorimetry Differential ScanningSurfaces and InterfacesGeneral MedicineHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationMicrospheresKineticsFreeze DryingSolubilitychemistryTargeted drug deliveryMicroscopy Electron ScanningWettabilitySwellingmedicine.symptomRheologyBiotechnologyNuclear chemistryColloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces
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PET: Theoretical Background and Practical Aspects

2012

Positron emission tomography (PET) is a nuclear medicine imaging tool utilized for investigation of physiological processes in vivo. PET uses the decay characteristics of positron-emitting radionuclides which are produced in a cyclotron and then used to label compounds involved in physiological processes. Usually, the labeled compound—the tracer—is administered intravenously and distributed in the tissue. The radionuclide decays and the emitted photons are detected by the PET scanner. PET then offers the possibility to compute three-dimensional images of the biodistribution and kinetics of the regional radioactivity concentration. There are several options to analyze reconstructed PET image…

BiodistributionRadioactive tracermedicine.diagnostic_testComputer sciencePharmacokinetic modelingCerebral metabolic rateContext (language use)law.inventionlawPositron emission tomographyPet scannerNuclear medicine imagingmedicineBiomedical engineering
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New evidence for the multiplicity of ubiquinone- and inhibitor-binding sites in the mitochondrial complex I.

2000

Determination of the number of ubiquinone- and inhibitor-binding sites in the mitochondrial complex I (NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase) is a controversial question with a direct implication for elaborating a suitable model to explain the bioenergetic mechanism of this complicated enzyme. We have used combinations of both selective inhibitors and common ubiquinone-like substrates to demonstrate the multiplicity of the reaction centers in the complex I in contrast with competition studies that have suggested the existence of a unique binding site for ubiquinone. Our results provide new evidence for the existence of at least two freely exchangeable ubiquinone-binding sites with different specif…

BioenergeticsStereochemistryUbiquinoneSubmitochondrial ParticlesBiophysicsBiologyIn Vitro TechniquesBiochemistryModels BiologicalMitochondria HeartSubstrate SpecificityOxidoreductaseAnimalsNADH NADPH OxidoreductasesBinding siteMultiplicity (chemistry)Molecular Biologychemistry.chemical_classificationNADH-Ubiquinone OxidoreductaseBinding SitesElectron Transport Complex IKineticsEnzymechemistryBiochemistryCattleEnergy MetabolismMitochondrial Complex IArchives of biochemistry and biophysics
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