Search results for "Knowledge"

Connecting others: Does a tertius iungens orientation shape the relationship between research networks and innovation?

2021

Research on social networks and innovation emphasizes that individuals spanning structural holes and crossing institutional boundaries have more opportunities for knowledge recombination and innovation involvement. However, transforming the potential knowledge and resources available through personal networks to attain innovation can be difficult for the focal individual. Using an ego-network approach, this study examines whether and to what extent an individual strategic orientation to cooperation (i.e. tertius iungens) contributes to strengthening the relation between two personal network properties (structural and institutional separation) and involvement in innovation. Our analysis is c…

Problems of Transferring Knowledge on the Example of Recommendations from Evaluation of European Funds in Poland

2019

This article presents the conditions of creating a system for implementing recommendations from evaluation studies which were conducted within the cohesion policy in Poland. The purpose of this analysis was to identify main problems and barriers related to the transformation of evaluation studies into practical recommendations, and to identify factors affecting the adoption and implementation of recommendations by recipients and stakeholders of evaluation. Conclusions were based on the desk research of such documents as: guidelines and procedures for the implementation of evaluation, evaluation and meta-evaluation reports, recommendation and implementation tables. The main barriers and fact…

Knowledge sharing in virtual teams : action research

2004

Socioeconomic differences in selected dietary habits among Norwegian 13–14 year-olds: a cross-sectional study

2014

Background: Social inequalities in health are a major and even growing problem in all European countries.Objective: The aim of the present study was to describe 1) differences in dietary habits among Norwegian adolescents by gender and socioeconomic status; 2) differences in self-reported knowledge of dietary guidelines among their parents according to socioeconomic status.Design: In 2012, a cross-sectional study where students filled in a web-based food frequency questionnaire at school was conducted in nine lower secondary schools in Vest-Agder County, Norway. Socioeconomic status (SES) and knowledge of dietary guidelines were obtained from the parents using a web-based questionnaire. In …

Advancing Design Science Research with Solution-based Probing

2019

We propose solution-based probing as an extension of action design research. The core idea is that researchers bring a prototype solution (probe) into one or more fields and explore to synthesize robust and generalizable design knowledge, along with knowledge of the phenomena and correlations we discover. We believe proposing solutions creates opportunities for researchers to innovate and to document the impact. In addition, solutions can be effective probes for advancing theory, in terms of design theories and in creating exploratory foundations for behavioral and causal theory. We illustrate solution-based probing with four exemplar studies in the areas governance of municipalities, polic…

Climate change and reindeer management in Finland : Co-analysis of practitioner knowledge and meteorological data for better adaptation

2020

We studied interannual variability and changes over time in selected climate indices in the reindeer management area (RMA) in northern Finland. We present together the knowledge possessed by reindeer herders with information from meteorological measurements over three decades. The practitioner knowledge was gathered via a survey questionnaire addressing herder observations of long-term changes (approximately during the past 30 years) in climatic conditions and their impacts on herding during the four seasons. A set of temperature-, precipitation- and snow-related indices relevant for herding within the RMA was derived from spatially interpolated daily meteorological data (1981–2010). Climat…

Hierarchies of knowledge, incommensurabilities and silences in South African ECD policy: Whose knowledge counts?

2017

AbstractPolicy for young children in South Africa is now receiving high-level government support through the ANC’s renewed commitment to redress poverty and inequity and creating ‘a better life for all’ as promised before the 1994 election. In this article, I explore the power relations, knowledge hierarchies and discourses of childhood, family and society in National Curriculum Framework (NCF) as it relates to children’s everyday contexts. I throw light on how the curriculum’s discourses relate to the diverse South African settings, child rearing practices and world-views, and how they interact with normative discourses of South African policy and global early childhood frameworks. The NCF…

Continuum: A spatiotemporal data model to represent and qualify filiation relationships

2013

International audience; This work introduces an ontology-based spatio-temporal data model to represent entities evolving in space and time. A dynamic phenomenon generates a complex relationship network between the entities involved in the process. At the abstract level, the relationships can be identity or topological filiations. The existence of an identity filiation depends on whether the object changes its identity or not. On the other hand, topological filiations are based exclusively on the spatial component, like in the case of growth, reduction, merging or splitting. When combining identity and topological filiations, six filiation relationships are obtained, forming a second abstrac…

Collaborative Design Rational and Social Creativity in Cultures of Participation

2011

The rise in social computing has facilitated a shift from consumer cultures, focused on producing finished media to be consumed passively, to cultures of participation, where people can access the means to participate actively in personally meaningful problems. These developments represent unique and fundamental opportunities and challenges for rethinking and reinventing design rationale and creativity, as people acclimate to taking part in computer-mediated conversations of issues and their solutions. Grounded in our long-term research exploring these topics, this paper articulates arguments, describes and discusses conceptual frameworks and system developments (in the context of three cas…

Combining spatial prioritization and expert knowledge facilitates effectiveness of large-scale mire protection process in Finland

2020

Conservation resource allocation involves a complex set of considerations including species, habitats, connectivity, local to global biodiversity objectives, alternative protection and restoration actions, while requiring cost-efficiency and effective implementation. We present a national scale spatial conservation prioritization analysis for complementing the network of protected mires in Finland. We show how spatial prioritization coupled with regional targets and expert knowledge can facilitate structured decision-making. In our application, discussion between experts was structured around the prioritization model enabling integration of quantitative analysis with expert knowledge. The u…