Search results for "Kosmotropic"

showing 3 items of 3 documents

The water association band as a marker of hydrogen bonds in trehalose amorphous matrices

2017

The relevant role played by residual water in modulating the dynamics and structure of a protein, a matrix and their coupling has been thoroughly studied in bioprotective amorphous saccharide matrices via experiments and simulations. In order to better characterize this residual water and the hydrogen bond structures in which it is involved, in this work infrared spectroscopy experiments are conducted on trehalose-water systems. The properties of water are inferred from the study of a peculiar infrared band, the water association band, which we exploited as a marker of the hydrogen bonds in which water is involved. Our aim was the identification of populations of water molecules, which give…

chemistry.chemical_classificationKosmotropicProperties of water010304 chemical physicsHydrogen bondAnalytical chemistryProteinsTrehaloseWaterGeneral Physics and AstronomyInfrared spectroscopyHydrogen BondingPolymer010402 general chemistry01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesAmorphous solidChaotropic agentchemistry.chemical_compoundFtir spectroscopy water trehalosechemistryChemical physics0103 physical sciencesMoleculePhysical and Theoretical Chemistry
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Small-sized platinum nanoparticles in soil organic matter: Influence on water holding capacity, evaporation and structural rigidity

2019

Abstract Engineered and anthropogenic nanoparticles represent a new type of pollutants. Up until now, many studies have reported its adverse effect on biota, but the potential influence on the properties and functions of environmental compartments has largely been ignored. In this work, the effect of Pt nanoparticles on the functions and properties of model soil organic matter has been studied. Using differential scanning calorimetry and molecular modeling, the effect of a wide range of 3 nm Pt nanoparticles concentrations on water holding capacity, the strength of water binding, the stability of water molecule bridges and the content of aliphatic crystallites was studied. It was found that…

KosmotropicEnvironmental Engineering010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesChemistrySoil organic matterEvaporationIceSettore AGR/13 - Chimica AgrariaWater010501 environmental sciencesPlatinum nanoparticles01 natural sciencesPollutionSoilChaotropic agentNanoparticleChemical engineeringSoil functionsSoil waterEnvironmental ChemistryWater bindingWaste Management and DisposalWater contentPlatinum0105 earth and related environmental sciencesScience of The Total Environment
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Interfacial water structure controls protein conformation.

2007

A phenomenological theory of salt-induced Hofmeister phenomena is presented, based on a relation between protein solubility in salt solutions and protein-water interfacial tension. As a generalization of previous treatments, it implies that both kosmotropic salting out and chaotropic salting in are manifested via salt-induced changes of the hydrophobic/hydrophilic properties of protein-water interfaces. The theory is applied to describe the salt-dependent free energy profiles of proteins as a function of their water-exposed surface area. On this basis, three classes of protein conformations have been distinguished, and their existence experimentally demonstrated using the examples of bacter…

DYNAMICSMECHANISMKosmotropicProtein ConformationSURFACE-TENSIONSurface tensionchemistry.chemical_compoundProtein structureMaterials ChemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPURPLE MEMBRANESPECTROSCOPYbiologySTABILITYBACTERIORHODOPSINMyoglobinSALTTemperatureWaterBacteriorhodopsinSTABILITY MECHANISMSurfaces Coatings and FilmsION SPECIFICITYChaotropic agentCrystallographyMyoglobinchemistryTEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCEChemical physicsStructural stabilityBacteriorhodopsinsbiology.proteinSalting outThermodynamicsThe journal of physical chemistry. B
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