Search results for "Kuznets curve"
showing 7 items of 17 documents
Financial Reforms and Income Inequality
2012
Available online 8 June 2012
Neoclassical Growth, Environment and Technological Change: The Environmental Kuznets Curve
2009
The paper investigates socially optimal patterns of economic growth and environmental quality in a neoclassical growth model with endogenous technological progress. In the model, the environmental quality affects positively not only to utility but also to production. However, cleaner technologies can be used in the economy whether a part of the output is used in environmentally oriented R&D. In this framework, if the initial level of capital is low then the shadow price of a cleaner technology is low relative to the cost of developing it given by the marginal utility of consumption and it is not worth investing in R&D. Thus, there will be a first stage of growth based only on the accumulati…
DOMESTIC MATERIAL CONSUMPTION INDICATOR AND NATURAL RESOURCES: A EUROPEAN ANALYSIS OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL KUZNETS CURVE
2014
The study investigates the relation between per capita Domestic Material Consumption indicator (DMC) and per capita income. Economic literature focuses mainly on air, water and land pollution while we consider as environmental degradation the consumption on natural resources extracted from the environment. Using a cross– European panel of countries over the period 2000-2011, our results confirm the absence of an Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) between per capita DMC and per capita GDP both for EU-27 vs. 30 European countries and for Western vs. Eastern European countries. The turning points are so high that it is present a monotonic increasing relation between DMC indicator and GDP.
The instability of the adjusted and unadjusted environmental Kuznets curves
2006
We test the stability of the unadjusted and adjusted environmental Kuznets curves (EKCs). Our results provide evidence in favour of a theoretically funded "adjusted EKC hypothesis" in which the impact of per capita GDP on CO2 emissions is evaluated conditionally to the effects of the industry mix and of the energy-supply infrastructure. In this specification, the shape of the GDP-CO2 relationship appears quite sensitive to changes in the estimation period. In the final part of the paper, signs and dynamics of fixed effects of individual countries in different specifications are interpreted as measures of virtuous or vicious of environmental behaviour. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserve…
Iespēju vienlīdzība un ekonomikas izaugsme: gadījumu izpēte Eiropā
2021
Attīstoties filozofijai, sociālo zinātņu teorijai un ekonomikai, rezultātu vienlīdzību nomainīja iespēju vienlīdzība uzmanības centrā. Kaut arī Kuzņeca līkne nav dzelzs likums, nav pintes, lai to pārbaudītu, tā tomēr mums dod zināmu informāciju, kura atspoguļo to, cik " veselīga " ir mūsu attīstība. Šī maģistra darba mērķis ir izpētīt ekonomiskās izaugsmes ietekmi no iespēju egalitārisma viedokļa. Šī darba galvenā hipotēze ir sekojoša: “Ekonomiskā izaugsme nelabvēlīgi ietekmē iespēju vienlīdzību attīstītajās valstīs noteiktā periodā.” Runājot par iespēju vienlīdzības novērtējumu, šajā rakstā ir izmantots Iespēju indeksa modelis. IKP uz vienu iedzīvotāju tiek uzskatīts par mainīgo, lai ats…
Inequality and poverty in a developing economy: Evidence from regional data (Spain, 1860-1930)
2015
Apart from measuring inequality and poverty at the provincial level in Spain between 1860 and 1930, this paper empirically assesses the relationship between economic growth and both inequality and destitution. The results, on the one hand, confirm the presence of a KuznetsÕ curve. However, although growing incomes did not directly contribute to reducing inequality, at least during the early stages of modern economic growth, other processes associated with economic growth significantly improved the situation of the bottom part of the population. On the other hand, growing incomes and lower inequality levels are shown to have been pro-poor.
Neoclassical Growth, Environment and Technological Change: The Environmental Kuznets Curve
2009
The paper investigates socially optimal patterns of economic growth and environmental quality in a neoclassical growth model with endogenous technological progress. In the model, the environmental quality affects positively not only to utility but also to production. However, cleaner technologies can be used in the economy whether a part of the output is used in environmentally oriented R&D. In this framework, if the initial level of capital is low then the shadow price of a cleaner technology is low relative to the cost of developing it given by the marginal utility of consumption and it is not worth investing in R&D. Thus, there will be a first stage of growth based only on the accumulati…