Search results for "LAB"
showing 10 items of 7932 documents
How Parallel Markets Fueled Chronic Shortage in the Soviet Official Sector
1999
The paper presents a disequilibrium model of a pre-transition centrally planned economy, with explicit description of labour supply to the official sector, as well as illegal economic activities. Under weak assumptions, raising official prices for deficit goods leads to even higher inflation in the shadow sector and increases the labour supply to the official sector. However, aggregate supply does not grow as much as income, and (flow) excess demand in the official sector goes up, while excess demand in the aggregate market remains positive. Simulation results suggest that our assumptions and conclusions are consistent with estimates of monetary overhang obtained (in a different way) by oth…
Labour Market Institutions and Inflation Differentials in the EU
2015
Adopting a simple Phillips curve framework, we show that different labour market institutions across EU countries are associated with significant differences in the response of inflation to unemployment and exchange rate shocks. More wage coordination and higher union density flatten the Phillips curve and increase the inflation response to the real exchange rate, i.e. the exchange rate pass-through. In addition, using a new approach to the classification of goods and services as "traded" or "non-traded", we show that both these institutional effects are significantly stronger for the more exposed (traded) sector.
Wage Bargaining Centralization And Macroeconomic Performance: An Experimental Approach
2001
This paper experimentally analyzes the effect of wage bargaining centralization (WBC) on macroeconomic performance. Our theoretical benchmark comes from that developed by Cukierman and Lippi (1999) to investigate the joint effects of monetary policy and labor market institutions on unemployment and inflation. We focus on the implications of two well known effects related to the degree of WBC: the competitive effect and the strategic effect. To do so we established a simple wage setting mechanism based on the existence of assorted levels of WBC measured by the number of unions in the labor market. In the three control treatments, unions' welfare and monetary rewards depend only on unemployme…
Influència de la qualitat de les relacions interpersonals en el context laboral sobre la “síndrome d’esgotament professional o del cremat” (burnout).
2004
L'objectiu d'aquest estudi és analitzar els nivells de la síndrome d'esgotament professional (SEP) (burnout) en una mostra de policies municipals, i avaluar la influència que els conflictes interpersonals amb els ciutadans, juntament amb el suport social a la feina del supervisor i dels companys, tenen sobre les dimensions de la SEP i sobre la inclinació a l'absentisme. La mostra de l'estudi està formada per 149 policies municipals. La SEP es va avaluar amb el Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Els resultats obtinguts mitjançant anàlisi de regressió stepwise van indicar que la freqüència de conflictes interpersonals amb els ciutadans era un predictor significatiu de les tres dimensions del MB…
Measuring the Change Towards More Sustainable Mobility:MUV Impact Evaluation Approach
2019
Urban areas can be considered the ground for the challenges related to the UN&rsquo
Social support for collaboration and group awareness in life science research teams
2019
Background Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have revolutionarily reshaped the landscape of ’-omics’ research areas. They produce a plethora of information requiring specific knowledge in sample preparation, analysis and characterization. Additionally, expertise and competencies are required when using bioinformatics tools and methods for efficient analysis, interpretation, and visualization of data. These skills are rarely covered in a single laboratory. More often the samples are isolated and purified in a first laboratory, sequencing is performed by a private company or a specialized lab, while the produced data are analyzed by a third group of researchers. In this scenario, …
Risky choices in strategic environments: An experimental investigation of a real options game
2019
Managers frequently make decisions under conditions of fundamental uncertainty due the stochastic nature of the outcomes and competitive rivalry. In this study, we experimentally test a theoretical model under fundamental uncertainty and competitive rivalry by designing a sequential interaction game between two players. The first mover can decide either to choose a sure outcome that assigns a risky outcome to the second mover or to pass the decision to the second mover. If the second player gets the chance to decide, she can choose between a sure outcome, conditioned by the assignment of a risky payoff to the first mover, or the sharing of the risky outcome with the first mover. We then int…
Reflections on the 8th European System Dynamics Workshop
2019
The purpose of this paper is to comment on the main scientific and social outcomes produced by the 8th European System Dynamics Workshop on “Modeling Sustainability Pathways”—hosted by the NOVA School of Science and Technology, and the Center for Environmental and Sustainability Research in Lisbon on June 1‐2, 2017.
On the Bullwhip Avoidance Phase: The Synchronised Supply Chain
2012
Abstract The aim of this paper is to analyse the operational response of a Synchronised Supply Chain (SSC). To do so, first a new mathematical model of a SSC is presented. An exhaustive Latin Square design of experiments is adopted in order to perform a boundary variation analysis of the main three parameters of the periodic review smoothing ( S , R ) order-up-to policy: i.e., lead time, demand smoothing forecasting factor, and proportional controller of the replenishment rule. The model is then evaluated under a variety of performance measures based on internal process benefits and customer benefits. The main results of the analysis are: (I) SSC responds to violent changes in demand by re…
The impact of training andad hocteams in industrial settings
2006
This paper aims to reflect the use of training via ad hoc teams to adopt lean production practices. In our research, eleven automobile manufacturer suppliers implement training interventions to achieve better results through lean production, concluding that training helps companies to develop lean production systems and to improve performance indicators.