Search results for "LABOUR"
showing 10 items of 655 documents
Le recrutement des jeunes docteurs dans le secteur privé
2007
This paper explores the relationship between the characteristics of the doctoral training and the recruitment of young PhDs in the private sector in France. We used information from a national representative survey of 1246 PhDs graduated in 2001 and interviewed in 2004. We focus on the recruitment and PhD returns among research-based jobs and non-research jobs in the private sector. Our econometrics results show that access and wages in the R&D jobs strongly depends on previous labour experience during the PhD (participation in a research contract, private funding for the PhD). In addition, we find that PhD students who expressed a preference for academia pay a wage penalty when they access…
Heterogeneity of job seekers in labour market matching
2009
This study examines the matching of heterogeneous job seekers and vacant jobs. Job seekers are divided into four employability groups according to their labour market status. The dataset consists of highly disaggregated monthly data from 146 Local Labour Offices in Finland over 14 years. The results indicate that the employability of job seekers differs. Therefore, the composition of the pool of job seekers in a local labour market affects the ability of that market to form successful matches. The long-term unemployed have a negative effect on matches while job seekers out of the labour force notably improve the production of matches.
Household debt and labor market fluctuations
2011
Abstract The co-movements of labor productivity with output, total hours, vacancies and unemployment have changed since the mid 1980s. This paper offers an explanation for the sharp break in the fluctuations of labor market variables based on endogenous labor supply decisions following the mortgage market deregulation. We set up a search model with efficient bargaining and financial frictions, in which impatient borrowers can take an amount of credit that cannot exceed a proportion of the expected value of their real estate holdings. When borrowers' equity requirements are low, the impact of a positive technology shock on the marginal utility of consumption is strengthened, which in turn re…
Finance, globalisation, technology and inequality: Do nonlinearities matter?
2021
Abstract Relying on data for 90 economies over 1970-2015 and panel estimation techniques, we investigate how financial development, globalisation and technology affect income inequality. Our findings reveal significant nonlinearities, consistent with either Ushaped or inverted-U shaped relationships. As such, depending on whether a certain threshold value is achieved, the same determinants of income distribution exert opposite effects in different countries. Globalisation is associated with increasing inequality in most advanced economies, but with falling disparities for the large majority of emerging economies. Technology and financial development lead to increasing inequality for most em…
Dynamics of female labour force participation in France
2013
International audience; This article formulates and estimates a structural intertemporal model of labour force participation. Relying on theoretical characterizations derived from an economic model of lifetime behaviour, we estimate a dynamic probit model with correlated random effects using longitudinal data to allow for a dynamic structure. The model is applied to a panel of married women drawn from the 1997–2002 French Labour Force surveys in order to represent their participation behaviour. It is estimated by maximum simulated likelihood. Our results show that women’s decisions to go out to work are characterized by significant state dependence, unobserved heterogeneity and negative ser…
European Integration and the Disembedding of Labour Market Regulation: Transnational Labour Relations at theEuropeanCentralBank Construction Site
2013
European integration through mutual recognition has facilitated the growth of a pan-European labour supply system in which transnational subcontractors ‘post’ workers from low-wage areas to higher wage areas. This allows employers to create spaces of exception in which the national industrial relations system of the country where work occurs does not fully apply. Drawing on interviews with managers, workers, unionists and works councillors at the European Central Bank construction site in Frankfurt, Germany, this article shows how transnational subcontracting allows employers to access, and create competition between, sovereign regulatory regimes. It concludes that high-cost, high-collectiv…
Wage-setting coordination in a small open economy
2022
This paper studies wage-setting coordination in a two-sector, open economy dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model. Two large sectoral unions anticipate the effects of their wage demands on aggregate variables. In an open economy, there are externalities that the unions can take into account to increase aggregate welfare, but the strategic interaction between the sectoral unions tends to erode this gain. When wage coordination takes place through a wage norm set by either of the sectors, this minimizes the strategic interaction. However, wage norms create welfare losses as sector-specific wage adjustment is required to make an efficient adjustment to shocks. Peer reviewed
Que valent vraiment les diplômes universitaires sur le marché du travail ?
2006
Le débat autour du CPE a relancé durablement l'inquiétude des jeunes quant à leur investissement dans l'éducation. La réalité socio-économique va-t-elle les orienter désormais vers des diplômes professionnalisant et les détourner des formations choisies par « goût » ?
Regional Matching Frictions and Aggregate Unemployment
2006
This study demonstrates that a stochastic frontier approach applied to regional level data offers a convenient and interesting method to examine how regional differences in matching efficiency and structural factors contribute to aggregate unemployment. The study reveals notable and temporally stable differences in matching efficiency across travel-to-work areas in Finland. If all areas were as efficient as the most efficient one, the number of hirings would increase by about 40 per cent. This would reduce the aggregate unemployment rate from the current 8.5 per cent level to 6.0 per cent. If all the areas shared the same structural characteristics as the most favourable area, the aggregate…
Product and Labour Market Regulations, Production Prices, Wages and Productivity
2016
ACLN; International audience; This study is an attempt to evaluate the effects of product and labour market regulations on industry productivity through their various impacts on changes in production prices and wages. In a first stage, the estimation of a regression equation on an industry*country panel, with controls for country*industry and country*year fixed effects, show that multi-factor productivity is negatively and significantly influenced by both indicators of industrial prices from same industry and weighted average of industrial prices from other industries, and by indicators of country wages weighted by industry labour shares for low and high skilled workers. In a second stage, …