Search results for "LABOUR"
showing 10 items of 655 documents
Employment Protection Reform and Unemployment Inequality in a Matching Model (Reforme De La Protection De L'Emploi Et Inegalites Face Au Chomage Dans…
2007
This paper studies the impact of an unemployment protection legislation reform - a substitution between an experience rated tax and firing costs - on the level and structure of unemployment by skills. In this purpose, we consider a matching model which incorporates endogenous reservation products for job creation and job destruction, labor demand derives from a free entry condition and the tax rate aimed at financing unemployment benefits results from a balanced budget constraint. In this setting, it is shown that the introduction of the experience rated tax may improve the performance of the labor marekt; the drawbacks of such a reform depend on the degree of substitution between tradition…
Does Promoting Homeownership Always Damage Labour Market Performances?
2018
In this paper we analyse the link between homeownership and various aggregate and individual labour market outcomes. Our aim is to investigate the likely consequences of public policies that promote homeownership. To this end, we develop a circular firm-worker matching model with Nash-bargained wage setting and free market entry. Homeowners are assumed to be less mobile than tenants and to bear higher mobility costs. Our numerical exercises show that tenants usually have lower unemployment rates and lower wage rates than homeowners. Importantly, workersʼ performances do not necessarily improve following an increase in the proportion of homeowners. The latter crucially depends on the relativ…
Matching inefficiencies, regional disparities and unemployment
2009
. In this paper we apply a stochastic frontier approach to examine how matching inefficiencies and regional disparities in structural factors contribute to regional and aggregate unemployment. Our results suggest that there would be a substantial decline in aggregate unemployment if (i) all local labour offices operated with full efficiency or (ii) they shared the same structure of job seekers and vacant jobs as the most favourable office. In the former case an increase in hirings would lower the average unemployment rate by 2.4 percentage points. In the latter case the decrease would be 1.4 percentage points. Further, we find that fixed effects are positively correlated with both a more f…
The Significance of Effective Labour Inspectoratesfor Cross-border Labour Mobility
2019
Efficiently functioning labour inspectorates play a key role for both fair mobility and the protection of workers’ rights. They contribute, for example, to combating and eliminat-ing hazardous working conditions, and ensuring that remuneration and social insurance premiums are actually paid. This is significant in the context of the posting of workers in the framework of the provision of services. Establishing the liability regarding compli-ance with the occupational health and safety regulations is causing serious practical dif-ficulties. Therefore, it is important above all to identify initiatives undertaken at the EU level designed to enhance cooperation of national labour inspectors in …
The economic crisis in an industrial district and its effects on the migration flows
2013
El modelo económico de la provincia de Castellón, basado en la industria cerámica (más del 90% de la producción española) y la construcción, junto con las actividades relacionadas con el turismo, la agricultura intensiva de regadío y el servicio doméstico, generó una oferta de empleo impresionante que, entre 2000 y 2007, atrajo a miles de inmigrantes, la mayoría procedentes de Rumania. La actual crisis económica ha tenido efectos devastadores en esta provincia, donde la destrucción de puestos de trabajo ha sido mucho más intensa que en el conjunto estatal, al tiempo que el paro registra niveles más altos, sobre todo entre la población extranjera. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el i…
Foreign-owned firms around the world: A comparative analysis of wages and employment at the micro-level
2013
Abstract This paper provides the first microeconomic cross-country analysis of the effects of foreign ownership on wages, employment and worker turnover rates. Using firm-level and linked worker-firm data, we apply a standardised methodology for three developed (Germany, Portugal, UK) and two emerging economies (Brazil, Indonesia). We find that wage effects are larger in developing countries, and that for each country the largest effect on wages comes from workers who move from domestic to foreign firms. Employment growth after foreign takeover is concentrated in high-skill jobs. In contrast to widespread fears, there is no evidence that wage gains come at the expense of greater job insecur…
Where do the highly educated migrate? Micro-level evidence from finland
2003
This paper analyses the role which migration of highly educated labour plays in human capital reallocation. The study focuses on actual migrants, examining the direct effect of educational attainment on destination choices. The paper uses the ordered probability model and a micro-level data set in econometric analyses. Individual level investigations of migrants show that highly educated migrants are likely to move to urban regions. As a result, the reallocation of highly educated labour, and thereby also the redistribution of human capital, seems to be taking place in Finland. peerReviewed
The optimal degree of commitment in a negotiation with a deadline
2004
This note explores the consequences of a player's freedom of choice over his degree of commitment for the bargaining outcome. In particular, we modify the nonstationary structure of Fershtman and Seidmann (1993)'s bargaining by allowing one player to possess imperfect commitments where the degree of commitment is chosen prior to the negotiation stage. We show that a player optimally chooses an intermediate degree of irrevocability provided the costs of increasing the degree of commitment are small enough. In this case, not only an immediate agreement is reached but also the commitment is effective.
Commitment and strikes in wage bargaining
2000
Abstract This paper analyzes the long-run strategic relationship between a firm and a union as a repeated bargaining game, where there is incomplete information on the player's motivation on both sides and each party has a fall-back position. The firm and the union will engage in a reputation-building activity, that will produce a limited number of strikes over time. The bargainer that succeeds in building up a reputation for toughness and obtains a favorable payoff in the long-run is, either the more patient (or alternatively the more centralized), or the party with a higher initial probability of stubbornness, or the party with a smaller fall-back position. Our model also offers predictio…
The Birth of the Queen/the Modern Homosexual: Historical Explanations Revisited
1997
In this paper I review a number of explanations for the emergence of the modern homosexual category in Western (mainly Northwest European) cultures. I suggest there are four different emphases in respect of the social and cultural factors given priority in interpretations of the formation of the homosexual category. Of course, individual studies have often taken into consideration more than one single factor (most notably, Greenberg, 1988; Chauncey, 1994), and the grouping of previous studies that I here suggest only indicates where the focus of a given study is. The social and cultural factors emphasized in these four approaches are: 1) the effects of competitive capitalism on the bourgeo…