Search results for "LABOUR"
showing 10 items of 655 documents
Risk Weighing in Twin Pregnancy
2010
Multiple pregnancies are more often associated with complications than singleton pregnancies. In our retrospective study of 613 twin pregnancies the most important risk factors in twin pregnancies were premature labour before the 37th week of gestation and the premature rupture of the membrane. The increase of perinatal mortality and morbidity for twins might be primary the result of premature delivery.
Desempleo y crisis Económica. Los casos de España e Italia
2018
En este artículo se analiza la diferente reacción que los mercados laborales italiano y español han tenido ante la crisis económica: la tasa de paro italiana entre 2006 y 2012, ha crecido relativamente poco (pasando del 7,6 al 10,9%) mientras que la es-pañola se ha casi triplicado, pasando del 9 al 24,4%. Para ello se han analizado datos relativos a: el mercado del trabajo, la situación socioeconómica y la legislación exis-tente. Tras el estudio realizado, tres parecen ser las discrepancias más relevantes: 1) las diferencias en las tasas de actividad femenina entre ambos países; 2) la menor apertura del mercado laboral italiano en los últimos 20 años; y, 3) la diferente legis-lación sobre d…
Employment effects of reducing labour costs : considering potential bias in macro-estimates of the elasticity of labour demand
2017
In 2016 the Finnish government decided to implement the competitiveness pact in order to increase employment. The objective is to improve cost-competitiveness by lowering labor costs in the private sector. The elasticity of labour demand plays a key role in assessing the employment effects of the competitiveness pact. The idea of this study is based on the Economic Policy Council Report (2016) which argued that the government’s elasticity estimate is very high and predicts overly optimistic employment effects. The majority of studies estimate demand elasticities using aggregate data, which is likely to produce biased estimates. The problems relate in particular to the lack of exogenous vari…
Controllo della mobilità del lavoro straniero e razzismo culturale
2013
The international migration is an economic and political matter. Infact, economic and political is its history, that began with the dawn of capitalism, which by definition requires the free mobility of the workforce, but also needs to subject it to strict controls not to let it become elusive as it is free to move. To understand the racist abuses that accompany the migration policies in Europe and Italy, it is necessary to focus on certain elements that could be examined closely. It concerns the history of the capitalist economy and the relationships between the advanced capitalist countries and those from which the migrants move. In this speech we intend to show how there is a precise rela…
Motivation to Study for PhD Degree: Case of Latvia
2014
AbstractThis paper studies what goals individuals pursue when enrolling in doctoral studies and how it affects the characteristics of the university they find important for choosing it and information sources on doctoral programme they find useful. It uses data collected in 2014 from PhD students and PhD candidates in 14 universities in Latvia and from students born in Latvia but studying abroad. The main result is substantial heterogeneity of goals by field of study, allowing to divide the latter into three groups. Group 1 contains arts & humanities, economics, and education & psychology. Compared to it, students from Group 2 (biology, agriculture, environment & geoscience; physics, mathem…
Työväenpuolueen ja työläisnaisten puolesta : Womenʻs Labour League vuodesta 1906 vuoden 1918 loppuun
2010
Käsittelen pro gradu- työssäni Women´s Labour League-järjestön (WLL) näkemyksiä ja suhdetta työtä tekeviin naisiin, kotiäiteihin sekä työväenpuolueeseen järjestön perustamisesta vuonna 1906 siihen asti, kun se vuoden 1918 lopulla liittyi virallisesti osaksi työväenpuoluetta. Tutkin sitä, miten niiden etujen ajaminen ja näkemykset näkyivät WLL:n toiminnassa sekä kumman asioiden ajaminen oli järjestölle tärkeämpää. Lisäksi pohdin sitä, vaikuttivatko erilaiset aikakaudelle tyypilliset yhteiskunnalliset tekijät, kuten sosialismi, keskiluokan näkemykset työväenluokasta ja etenkin sen naisista sekä suffragetit, WLL:n ajatuksiin ja toimintaan. Pääasiallisina alkuperäislähteinä käytän WLL:n johtoku…
Regional concentration of university graduates : The role of high school grades and parental background
2020
In this paper, we analyse long-term changes in the regional distribution and migration flows of university graduates in Finland and Sweden. This study is based on detailed longitudinal population register data, including information on high school grades and parental background. We find a distinct pattern of skill divergence across regions in both countries over the last 3 decades. The uneven distribution of human capital has been reinforced by the mobility patterns of university graduates, for whom regional sorting by high school grades and parental background is evident. Our findings indicate that traditional measures of human capital concentration most likely underscore actual regional …
Integration and hegemonic relationship of labour market inequality : an investigation of immigrants/policy officials perceptions on immigrant's labou…
2017
The aim of the research was to investigate the perceptions of immigrants (students, refugees and others) and public officials, on the value of Finnish economic integration within the broader context of immigrant-host labour relationship. Employing Gramsci theory of Hegemony, this study examined those discursive hegemonies in defining the economic and labour market importance of migration and integration, and how does such "hegemonic definitions" resonate within the views of Non-EU foreign students and other migrants. How does hegemonic labour inequality explicate when certain notions of belonging and identity resonates within labour market inclusions of Immigrants. To understand how percept…
Promotions and Earnings – Gender or Merit? Evidence from Longitudinal Personnel Data
2017
This study examines the determinants of promotions, performance evaluations and earnings using unique longitudinal data from the personnel records of a large university. The study focuses on the role of gender in remuneration using, first, information on the complexity ratings of job tasks to define promotions on job ladders and, second, information on objective individual productivity. The study finds that individual research productivity was an important determinant of promotions and earnings. The results indicate that gender has no effect on the probability of being promoted, conditional on productivity, nor does it play a role in the performance evaluation of employees. Furthermore, the…
Labour market reforms, institutions, and the quality of employment : should we all follow German Hartz model in reforming labour markets?
2015
Underemployment and aging population are major threats for several European economies. This study asks, whether partial labour market reforms, similar to German Hartz reforms, were good choices for other European countries, especially in terms of the quality of employment. Labour market liberalisation effects are assessed from macro-perspective on 25 OECD countries with fixed-effects panel data analysis. The effects for full-time, part-time, temporary, and low-wage employment are analysed separately for both genders, and also on young adults. The results find out strongly a gendered nature of labour market deregulation effects, which give support for dual labour market theory. There appears…