Search results for "LCA"
showing 10 items of 1995 documents
Deep fluid transfer evidenced by surface deformation during the 2014–2015 unrest at Piton de la Fournaise volcano
2016
International audience; Identifying the onset of volcano unrest and providing an unequivocal identification of volcano reawakening remain challenging problems in volcanology. At Piton de la Fournaise, renewal of eruptive activity in 2014–2015, after 41 months of quiescence and deflation, was associated with long-term continuous edifice inflation measured by GNSS. Inflation started on June 9, 2014, and its rate progressively increased through 2015. Inflation onset was rapidly followed by an eruption on June 20–21, 2014, showing that volcano reactivation can be extremely fast, even after long non-eruptive phases. This short-lived eruption involved a shallow source (1.3–1.9 km depth below the …
Geochemical investigations applied to active fault detection in a volcanic area: the North-East Rift on Mt. Etna (Sicily, Italy)
1999
Geochemical investigations were performed on the Northeast Rift of Mt. Etna, a prominent volcanic structure of this volcano. Low-temperature fumaroles were found on the upper part of this area and the isotopic compositions of C(CO2) and He suggest a likely magmatic origin of the emitted gases. On the contrary, very low degassing was found in the lower part of the NE-Rift, with CO2 concentrations generally very close to those in air. This pattern is probably due to sealing of the eruptive fissures by the repeated injections of magma solidified into dikes and by consequent shallow hydrothermal alteration of the fissured rocks due to residual magma degassing. High soil CO2 concentrations were …
Degassing regime of Hekla volcano 2012-2013
2015
Hekla is a frequently active volcano with an infamously short pre-eruptive warning period. Our project contributes to the ongoing work on improving Hekla's monitoring and early warning systems. In 2012 we began monitoring gas release at Hekla. The dataset comprises semi-permanent near-real time measurements with a MultiGAS system, quantification of diffuse gas flux, and direct samples analysed for composition and isotopes (δ13C, δD and δ18O). In addition, we used reaction path modelling to derive information on the origin and reaction pathways of the gas emissions.Hekla's quiescent gas composition was CO2-dominated (0.8mol fraction) and the δ13C signature was consistent with published value…
Morphology of the dorsal and lateral calcaneocuboid ligaments.
2008
Background: The dorsolateral calcaneocuboid ligaments have different configurations. In the literature they are only described as either the dorsal or lateral calcaneocuboid ligament. However, recent reconstructive surgical techniques may benefit from a better understanding of the anatomy. The aims of this study were to classify the morphology and attachments of the dorso-lateral calcaneocuboid ligaments and to determine their dimensions. Materials and Methods: The dorso-lateral aspects of the calcaneocuboid joint of 30 cadaver feet were dissected to expose the associated ligaments. Further, we evaluated possible bony landmarks of the calcaneus that could imply which shape or course the li…
Environmental effects and potential impact on human health caused by the recent Nyiragongo eruption (Democratic Republic of Congo)
2022
Volcanic activity emits large amounts of gases and particles to the atmosphere subsequently spreading contaminants to rain, surface waters and soils, negatively impacting on the environment and the human health. The recent eruption of Nyiragongo occurred on 22nd of May, injected large quantities of ash affecting the environment of the Virunga area, and more than 2 million people living between 18-25 km far from the main crater of Nyiragongo. Several studies demonstrated that drinking waters and plants may contain high contents of natural pollutants, and when ingested they become harmful to human health causing acute or chronic diseases. In this study, we investigated the impact of the recen…
Una tavola EIO-LCA per l'Alto Adige - Sud Tirol estesa ai consumi energetici, emissioni in atmosfera e produzione di rifiuti
2012
Questo studio analizza l’economia della Provincia di Bolzano allo scopo di comprenderne le relazioni con la sfera ambientale. È stato applicato il modello Input–Output, integrandolo con l’analisi degli impatti ambientali e, attraverso la Life Cycle Assessment, sono stati stimati gli impatti potenziali connessi alle emissioni in atmosfera, ai consumi energetici e ai rifiuti generati dalle attività economiche. I risultati hanno evidenziato che la maggior parte degli impatti è dovuta alla produzione e allo smaltimento di rifiuti. Nello specifico, i maggiori impatti sono imputabili al settore terziario (per la domanda interna) e secondario (per l’export).
South Pole glacial climate reconstruction from multi-borehole laser particulate stratigraphy
2013
AbstractThe IceCube Neutrino Observatory and its prototype, AMANDA, were built in South Pole ice, using powerful hot-water drills to cleanly bore>100 holes to depths up to 2500 m. The construction of these particle physics detectors provided a unique opportunity to examine the deep ice sheet using a variety of novel techniques. We made high-resolution particulate profiles with a laser dust logger in eight of the boreholes during detector commissioning between 2004 and 2010. The South Pole laser logs are among the most clearly resolved measurements of Antarctic dust strata during the last glacial period and can be used to reconstruct paleoclimate records in exceptional detail. Here we use…
Impact of geogenic degassing on C-isotopic composition of dissolved carbon in karst systems of Greece
2022
The Earth C-cycle is complex, where endogenic and exogenic sources are interconnected, operating in a multiple spatial and temporal scale (Lee et al., 2019). Non-volcanic CO2 degassing from active tectonic structures is one of the less defined components of this cycle (Frondini et al., 2019). Carbon mass-balance (Chiodini et al., 2000) is a useful tool to quantify the geogenic carbon output from regional karst hydrosystems. This approach has been demonstrated for central Italy and may be valid also for Greece, due to the similar geodynamic settings. Deep degassing in Greece has been ascertained mainly at hydrothermal and volcanic areas, but the impact of geogenic CO2 released by active tect…
Helium isotope systematics of volcanic gases and thermal waters of Guadeloupe Island, Lesser Antilles
2014
Abstract The island of Guadeloupe is located in the middle of the 850 km long Lesser Antilles island arc. Present-day volcanic and geothermal activity is concentrated in two systems both located in the southwestern part of the island (Basse Terre): the La Soufriere volcanic complex and the Bouillante hydrothermal system, some 20 km to the northwest of the volcano. We report here the largest isotopic data set for helium isotopes in hydrothermal gases and waters from both systems, acquired between 1980 and 2012. 3 He/ 4 He ratios in the fumarolic gases of La Soufriere volcano have been quite homogeneous and stable over the last thirty years. The average ratio of 8.2 ± 0.2 R a confirms that th…
Carbon dioxide diffuse emission and thermal energy release from hydrothermal systems at Copahue-Caviahue Volcanic Complex (Argentina)
2015
Fil: Chiodini, Giovanni. Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione di Bologna. Bologna, Italia. Fil: Cardellini, Carlo. Università degli Studi di Perugia, Dipartimento di Fisica e Geologia. Perugia, Italy. Fil: Lamberti, María C. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Estudios Andinos. Buenos Aires, Argentina. Fil: Agusto, Mariano. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Estudios Andinos. Buenos Aires, Argentina. Fil: Caselli, Alberto Tomás Universidad Nacional de Río Negro. Instituto de Investigación en Paleobiología y Geología. Río Negro. Argentina. Fil: Liccioli, Caterina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Estudios Andinos. Buenos Aires, Argentina. Fil: Tambure…