Search results for "LET"
showing 10 items of 23489 documents
Helppoa vai vaikeaa arvioida? : Yleisten kielitutkintojen suomen kielen arvioijien käsityksiä vironkielisten arvioinnista
2016
Finnish raters’ beliefs about assessing Estonian speakers in a Finnish language test: easy or difficult? This paper aims to contribute to our understanding on rater beliefs and views and to promote transparency in rater’s work in the form of reflection. The paper focuses on professional Finnish raters’ beliefs and views of assessing L1 Estonian speakers in the criteria-referenced Finnish language test of the National Certifi- cates of Language Proficiency test system. Finnish raters (N = 27) were asked via email to shortly reflect on what they find easy and what difficult in rating Estonian speakers’ writing and speaking skills in the Finnish language test. The raters reflected on many issu…
Lähdekieli kielenoppimisen apuna
2005
Annekatrin Kaivapalu on väitöskirjassaan tutkinut virolaisten ja venäläisten lukiolaisten suomen kielen nominien monikkotaivutuksen omaksumista. Kaivapalu selvitti, oppivatko virolaiset suomen taivutuksen helpommin kuin venäläiset oppijat, joiden äidinkielestä vastaavat taivutusmallit puuttuvat. Läheisten sukukielten, kuten viro ja suomi, oppimisessa äidinkielen vaikutus opittavan kielen omaksumiseen osoittautui huomattavasti myönteisemmäksi kuin aikaisemmat tutkimustulokset ovat osoittaneet. This study investigates the effect of Estonian as the mother tongue on the acquisition of Finnish, a closely related language, with particular regard to plural inflection of Finnish nouns. The aims of …
Microstructural evaluation and recommendations for face masks in community use to reduce the transmission of respiratory infectious diseases
2022
Funding Information: A.K., H.Y. and R.J. also acknowledges the funding through Academy of Finland BESIMAL (Decision No. 334197) and Aalto University, Department of Communications and Networking. This work has also received funding in part from the EPSRC UK (grant number EP/R012091/1). A.K. would also like to thank Mr. Volkan Kaplan for the fruitful discussions in the early concept generation. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Author(s) Background and Objective: Recommendations for the use of face masks to prevent and protect against the aerosols (≤5µm) and respiratory droplet particles (≥5µm), which can carry and transmit respiratory infections including severe acute respiratory syndrome coro…
Reversed Pseudoneglect in a Virtual Reality Environment
Damping Provision by Different Virtual Synchronous Machine Schemes
2020
The adoption of virtual synchronous machine (VSM) schemes for the control of power converters is gaining more and more attention both in academia and industry. The VSM control strategies fall into the category of grid-forming converter controls, and they are intended for a range of different applications, providing specific services and different kinds of support to the grid. The paper investigates the possibility of damping provision to the system by VSM power converters. Different schemes are considered and compared, showing the opportunity of the investigated solutions through combined modal and time domain analyses. A specific modification of the power synchronization loop is recognized…
Sensitivity Analysis and Frequency Dynamics of Grid-Connected Converters with Virtual Inertia
2021
For the participation in the frequency control of the system, power converters can be controlled with different strategies and methods, sharing the common concept of virtual inertia capability. In this work, a sensitivity analysis of two main categories of converter controls with virtual inertia is presented. The considered schemes are a grid-following current vector control with additional virtual inertia block and a grid-forming control scheme based on virtual synchronous machine concept. A proper basis for the comparison is first assessed providing an analytical correlation between the control parameters of the two schemes. For the two control strategies, the sensitivity analysis of the …
Nonlinearities in plant RNA virus fitness
2012
Una de las mayores amenazas tanto para la salud humana y animal, como para la agronomía es la emergencia de nuevas enfermedades infecciosas, la mayoría de las cuales están causadas por los virus de RNA. La emergencia viral es un problema complejo que consista en la adquisición de la variación genética, por mutación o recombinación, dentro de la población viral en el huésped reservorio la cual podría facilitar la capacidad de infectar de manera eficiente nuevos huéspedes. Los virus de RNA presentan a una evolucionabilidad extraordinaria por sus grandes tamaños poblacionales, cortos tiempos de generación y altas tasas de mutación y recombinación. Comprender los mecanismos evolutivos que podrí…
Microtubules and microfilaments in HSV-Infected rabbit-kidney cells.
1981
In rabbit kidney cells infected with strains of Herpes simplex virus producing either cell-rounding or polycaryocytosis. Vinblastine induced paracrystals. This could be shown by phase-contrast- and electron-microscopy. Infections were done under one-step-growth conditions or at low MOI. 90 per cent noninfected cells contained stress fibers as detected by Servablue R250-staining. Shortly after recruitment into polycaryocytes, stress fibres of normal length appearing in criss-cross arrangement can be seen in the periphery of these cells. Later they polymerize to very long fibers and finally they are partially destroyed. The time of destruction depends on the MOI employed. By using Actinomycin…
The effect of carvacrol on enteric viruses.
2014
Carvacrol, a monoterpenic phenol, is said to have extensive antimicrobial activity in a wide range of food spoilage or pathogenic fungi, yeast and bacteria. The aim of this study was to assess its antiviral activity on norovirus surrogates, feline calicivirus (FCV), murine norovirus (MNV), and hepatitis A virus (HAV), as well as its potential in food applications. Initially, different concentrations of carvacrol (0.25, 0.5, 1%) were individually mixed with each virus at titers of ca. 6-7 log TCID50/ml and incubated 2h at 37°C. Carvacrol at 0.5% completely inactivated the two norovirus surrogates, whereas 1% concentration was required to achieve ca. 1 log reduction of HAV. In lettuce wash wa…
Adventiv-Embryonen aus Nicotiana-kallus, der bei Hohen Lichtintensitäten Kultiviert wurde
1965
The formation of embryonic structures in Nicotiana callus tissue has been reported. High intensity of light as a stimulating factor in differentiation is discussed.