Search results for "LIMIT"

Sensitive determination of aliphatic amines in water by high-performance liquid chromatography with chemiluminescence detection.

2004

A sensitive method has been developed for liquid chromatographic determination of short aliphatic amines in water samples. Analytes are preconcentrated and dansylated on solid sorbents (C18 solid-phase extraction cartridges). The dansyl derivatives are chromatographed and post-column mixed with peroxyoxalate (TCPO) and H2O2 in order to perform chemiluminescence detection. Optimal results have been obtained using a sample volume of 5 ml. The method has been applied to the quantification or screening of several aliphatic amines: methylamine, ethylamine, butylamine, diethylamine, pentylamine and hexylamine. The screening procedure has been developed including also polyamines (putrescine, cadav…

Derivatization of amines in solid-phase extraction supports with 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate for liquid chromatography

1997

Abstract A new method based on reaction in solid-phase extraction cartridges with 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate is described for improved derivatization of amines prior to liquid chromatography. The effects of the reaction conditions, the kinetics of the reaction and the kind of packing material on the derivatization have been evaluated. The reliability of the described approach has been tested by derivatizing propylamine, diethylamine, diethanolamine, glycine, glutamic acid, p-aminobenzoic acid and β-phenylethylamine. Reaction yields compared with those of the analogous solution derivatizations were in the 44–169% range, and satisfactory linearity was achieved at concentrations of the am…

NUMERICAL-EXPERIMENTAL METHOD FOR THE ANALYSIS OF RESIDUAL STRESSES IN COLD-EXPANDED HOLES

2012

Hole cold expansion is a technique widely used to improve the fatigue life of components with holes, e.g. bolted or riveted joints. As it has been demonstrated in literature by analytical, numerical and experimental analyses carried out by several authors, the compressive residual stresses introduced by the hole cold expansion have a beneficial influence on both the static and the fatigue strength of the treated component, because they reduce significantly the typical stress peaks around the hole due to stress concentration. In the literature, various analyses of the residual stresses introduced by the hole cold expansion have been performed by using several methods such as X-ray diffractio…

Influence of mechanoactivation on the adhesion and mechanical properties of metal/oxide interfaces

2005

Properties of interfaces in solid state metal/oxide joints (Al/SiO2, Al/MgO, Al/glass, Mg/MgO, In/glass, Mg/SiO2 etc.) are reported. Interfaces were formed at plastic deformation of metal on the oxide surface at room temperature. Structure, composition, and micromechanical properties of the interfaces are studied by AFM, X-ray diffraction, SIMS, electron, optical microscopy, and precision microindentation. A noticeable adhesion is observed in the regions of maximum shear strain in case of metals with low oxide formation energy. Formation of a reaction zone with oxygen concentration gradient is detected in which the metal near the interface hardens. The effect of mechanoactivation is conside…

Super resolved optical system for objects with finite sizes using circular gratings

2015

We present a real time all optical super resolution method for exceeding the diffraction limit of an imaging system which has a circular aperture. The resolution improvement is obtained using two fixed circular gratings which are placed in predetermined positions. The circular gratings generate synthetic circular duplications of the aperture, thus they are the proper choice for a circular aperture optical system. The method is applicable for both spatially coherent and incoherent illuminations, as well as for white light illumination. The resolution improvement is achieved by limiting the object field of view. The proposed method is presented analytically, demonstrated via numerical simulat…

Effective hydrostatic limits of pressure media for high‐pressure crystallographic studies

2007

The behavior of a number of commonly used pressure media, including nitrogen, argon, 2-propanol, a 4:1 methanol–ethanol mixture, glycerol and various grades of silicone oil, has been examined by measuring the X-ray diffraction maxima from quartz single crystals loaded in a diamond-anvil cell with each of these pressure media in turn. In all cases, the onset of non-hydrostatic stresses within the medium is detectable as the broadening of the rocking curves of X-ray diffraction peaks from the single crystals. The onset of broadening of the rocking curves of quartz is detected at ∼9.8 GPa in a 4:1 mixture of methanol and ethanol and at ∼4.2 GPa in 2-propanol, essentially at the same pressures …

Critical analysis of the spin-rotation constants of CF2 and CCl2: A theoretical investigation

2005

Quantum chemical ab initio calculations for the spin-rotation constants of difluorocarbene (CF2) and dichlorocarbene (CCl2) were carried out using coupled-cluster techniques with sequences of correlation-consistent basis sets. Theoretical best estimates were obtained using extrapolation to the complete basis-set limit and taking into account corrections for core correlation, additional diffuse functions and zero-point vibrational effects. It is demonstrated that such accurate theoretical estimates can be used either to support or to challenge the analysis of the experimental spectra and the reliability of the resulting data. 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Analytical prediction of ultimate moment and curvature of RC rectangular sections in compression

2013

This paper presents closed form expressions linking the ultimate bearing capacity to the ultimate curvature of rectangular RC sections subjected to axial load and bending moment acting in one of the two symmetry planes of the section. With respect to possible simplified formulations the following effects are also considered: confinement of the concrete, hardening of the longitudinal reinforcement, and presence of reinforcing bars distributed orthogonally to the neutral axis. The formulation is proposed in dimensional terms after a preliminary definition of the geometrical and mechanical parameters governing the structural response of the class of sections considered. The analytical expressi…

Il Dio esitante. Percorsi di ontologia del limite

2010

Anisotropic -Laplacian equations when goes to

2010

Abstract In this paper we prove a stability result for an anisotropic elliptic problem. More precisely, we consider the Dirichlet problem for an anisotropic equation, which is as the p -Laplacian equation with respect to a group of variables and as the q -Laplacian equation with respect to the other variables ( 1 p q ), with datum f belonging to a suitable Lebesgue space. For this problem, we study the behaviour of the solutions as p goes to 1 , showing that they converge to a function u , which is almost everywhere finite, regardless of the size of the datum f . Moreover, we prove that this u is the unique solution of a limit problem having the 1-Laplacian operator with respect to the firs…