Search results for "LOAN"

The process of female borrower discouragement

2022

Recent entrepreneurial finance literature identifies ‘borrower discouragement’ as an important phenomenon explaining why female entrepreneurs hold less capital to grow their venture. But how do you become a discouraged borrower? We apply grounded theory to interviews with Tanzanian female entrepreneurs and model the process via which these entrepreneurs become discouraged. Our model suggests that entrepreneurs hold negative perceptions regarding loan application, allocation and payback procedures shaped by both internal and external information sources. We demonstrate that negative perceptions cause an unfavorable attitude towards formal loans which together with entrepreneurs' perceptions …

ARE LAC COOPERATIVE AND COMMERCIAL BANKS SO DIFFERENT IN THEIR MANAGEMENT OF NON‐PERFORMING LOANS?

2018

This paper assesses technical efficiency in the management of non‐performing loans (NPLs) in the Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) banking industry. To that end, Data Envelopment Analysis techniques are employed with data from the years 2013 to 2016 on a sample of 307 LAC cooperative and commercial banks. Our main contribution to existing literature is that differences of efficiency between cooperative banks and commercial banks are assessed as the result of the different capacities of their managers – managerial efficiency – and the so‐called programme efficiency, which represents differences in the technology used by these two categories of entities. Our principal result suggests that th…

Geographic diversification and credit risk in microfinance

2019

Abstract This paper examines the relation between geographic diversification and credit risk in microfinance. The empirical findings from the banking industry are mixed and inconclusive. This study extends the discussion into a new international setting: the global microfinance industry with lenders having both social and financial objectives. Using a large global sample of microfinance institutions (MFIs), we find that geographic diversification comes with more credit risks. However, this finding is more pronounced among non-shareholder MFIs like NGOs and cooperatives, compared to shareholder-owned MFIs. Moreover, the results show that MFIs can mitigate the effect of geographic diversifica…

Excessive Focus on Risk? Non-performing Loans and Efficiency of Microfinance Institutions

2021

Discrimination by microcredit officers: Theory and evidence on disability in Uganda

2015

This paper studies the relationship between a microfinance institution (MFI) and its loan officers when officers discriminate against a particular group of micro-entrepreneurs. Using survey data from Uganda, we provide evidence that loan officers are more biased than other employees against disabled micro-entrepreneurs. In line with the evidence, we build an agency model of a non-profit MFI and a biased loan officer in charge of granting loans. Since incentive schemes are costly and the MFI's budget is limited, the MFI faces a trade-off between combating discrimination and granting loans. We show that the optimal incentive premium is a non-decreasing function of the MFI's budget. Moreover, …

Impacts of sovereign risk premium on bank profitability: Evidence from euro area

2021

We analyse the effects of low and negative interest rates and sovereign risk premium on bank profitability among 154 Eurozone banks during the period 2005–2019. In contrast to some of the results in the previous literature, we find that the euro area banks have not suffered too much from the extremely low and negative interest rate era regarding their net interest margins. However, the overall profitability has lowered clearly during the sample period, and the sovereign risk premium has a robust negative effect on all the overall profitability measures, both with risk-adjustment and without it, but it seems to have an increasing effect on the degree of wholesale funding and loan loss provis…

Latvijas komercbanku kredītu analīze

2016

Bakalaura darbs “Latvijas komercbanku kredītu analīze” ir veltīts komercbanku izsniegto kredītu analīzei un izpētei, kā arī izpratnei par kredītrisku un to pārvaldīšanu. Darba mērķis ir izanalizēt Latvijas komercbanku izsniegtos kredītus, izdarīt secinājumus un sniegt priekšlikumus. Bakalaura darba uzdevumi: •izzināt kredītportfeļa būtību un nepieciešamās kredītpolitikas pamatprincipus; •izpētīt kredīta funkcijas un kredīta klasifikāciju; •raksturot kredītu veidus; •izpētīt kredītrisku, to ietekmējošos faktorus un pārvaldīšanu; •izanalizēt izsniegto kredītu struktūru Latvijā: to apjomu, struktūru pēc aizņēmēja veida, pēc termiņa, pēc valūtu un pēc nozaru griezuma, pēc nodrošinājuma un kvali…

Credit Demand and Supply Shocks in Italy During the Great Recession

2018

In this paper, we use Structural VAR analysis to disentangle credit demand and supply shocks and their eFFect on real economic activity in Italy during the 2008-2014 crisis period. The three endogenous variables considered are the loan interest rate, the loans growth rate and the employment to population ratio. The data are observed at annual frequency for each of 103 Italian provinces. The structural shocks are identified through heteroscedasticity, by letting the variance of the shocks to switch across four Italian macro-regions: North, Centre, South and Islands. Sign restrictions are used to interpret ex post the structural shocks. The empirical findings suggest a more important role of …

Six-years-long effects of the Italian policies for photovoltaics on the grid parity of grid-connected photovoltaic systems installed in urban contexts

2017

Abstract The purpose of this study is investigating the grid parity (GP) time and the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) of grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems installed in densely urbanized contexts. The analysis, which was elaborated for three Italian cities, considered the effects of the promoting policies enacted by the Italian government from June 2010 to May 2016. An appropriate methodology was applied with the aim of realistically defining the energy produced by PV systems installed on buildings with different roof types and number of floors. The calculus of the disbursements considered the operating, maintenance and insurance costs and the wear of PV panels and inverters. The resu…

"Por si las flais, ni flowers y en off": morphology of loanwords from english as idiomatic words in spanish idioms.

2020

En el presente artículo pretendemos ofrecer un análisis de la configuración formal de un tipo muy concreto de palabras idiomáticas: tres préstamos léxicos procedentes de la lengua inglesa que sobreviven insertos en locuciones españolas. Para ello, delimitaremos en primer lugar los conceptos de palabra idiomática, préstamo léxico y anglicismo. A continuación explicaremos el procedimiento metodológico para recopilar este tipo de piezas léxicas en dos diccionarios generales actuales del español, el DLE y el DEA, basado en el especial tratamiento lexicográfico que estas reciben debido a sus características, limitándonos a las unidades fraseológicas que conocemos como locuciones. Realizaremos un…