Search results for "LONGITUDINAL STUDIES"
showing 10 items of 804 documents
A longitudinal study of sleep disorders in early-stage chronic kidney disease
2010
Few studies have addressed the problem of sleep disturbances in patients with early-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD). A total of 220 patients newly diagnosed with CKD and 220 patients newly diagnosed with chronic hepatitis C were studied within 1 month from the diagnosis. They were evaluated by using the Charlson Comorbidity Index, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the Beck Depression Inventory. Patients with CKD were followed up for 4 years. Sleep disturbances affected 59.5% of patients with chronic hepatitis C and 84.6% of patients with CKD. Sleeping disorders that were severe and peculiar in early CKD improved significantly over time. Beck Depression Inventory disclosed significa…
A Longitudinal Field Investigation of Narcissism and Popularity Over Time: How Agentic and Antagonistic Aspects of Narcissism Shape the Development o…
2020
Grandiose narcissism has been linked to initial popularity but to later unpopularity in peer groups and laboratory contexts. Do these effects on peer relationships also emerge in larger real-life contexts and what are the underlying behavioral processes (i.e., behavioral expressions, interpersonal perceptions)? Using data from the longitudinal CONNECT field study ( N = 126), we investigated effects of agentic and antagonistic aspects of grandiose narcissism on emerging popularity in a complete peer network. A cohort of psychology first-year students was assessed with a quasiexperimental, experience-sampling methodology involving online surveys, diaries, and behavioral observations. In contr…
The dynamics of radical right-wing populist party preferences and perceived group threat: A comparative panel analysis of three competing hypotheses …
2014
Existing cross-sectional research considers citizens' preferences for radical right-wing populist (RRP) parties to be centrally driven by their perception that immigrants threaten the well-being of the national ingroup. However, longitudinal evidence for this relationship is largely missing. To remedy this gap in the literature, we developed three competing hypotheses to investigate: (a) whether perceived group threat is temporally prior to RRP party preferences, (b) whether RRP party preferences are temporally prior to perceived group threat, or (c) whether the relation between perceived group threat and RRP party preferences is bidirectional. Based on multiwave panel data from the Netherl…
Statistical analysis of life history calendar data
2016
The life history calendar is a data-collection tool for obtaining reliable retrospective data about life events. To illustrate the analysis of such data, we compare the model-based probabilistic event history analysis and the model-free data mining method, sequence analysis. In event history analysis, we estimate instead of transition hazards the cumulative prediction probabilities of life events in the entire trajectory. In sequence analysis, we compare several dissimilarity metrics and contrast data-driven and user-defined substitution costs. As an example, we study young adults' transition to adulthood as a sequence of events in three life domains. The events define the multistate event…
Adaptation to life after surgical removal of the bladder—an application of graphical Markov models for analysing longitudinal data
2004
Graphical Markov models have been developed particularly for the analysis of observational data. They allow the control of various background variables when analysing theoretically relevant associations. This paper demonstrates the application and some advantages of graphical Markov models in comparison to conventional statistical analyses. The aim of the study was to identify patients at risk for developing decreased health-related quality of life (QoL) after cystectomy and to explore the influence of coping on QoL in this situation. Therefore, the method was applied to analyse the data of a prospective study, in which 81 patients with bladder cancer were interviewed pre-operatively and in…
Longitudinal analysis of taurine induced effects on the tear proteome of contact lens wearers and dry eye patients using a RP-RP-Capillary-HPLC-MALDI…
2012
Tear proteomic studies revealed distinct similarities between contact lens wearers and dry eye patients. AMO Complete® multipurpose contact lens cleaning solutions containing taurine seem to have a beneficial effect regarding contact lens induced dry eye. To illuminate the effect of taurine on the tear proteome of contact lens wearers and sicca patients we developed a gel-based RP-RP capillary HPLC-MALDI TOF/TOF MS strategy. Two contact lens wearer groups, one using eye drops containing 0.05% taurine; the other for control physiological NaCl solution were monitored. Also, a third group of sicca patients using taurine solution was studied (N=4 individuals/group). Tear pools of each group at …
Roles of participation and feedback in group potency.
2009
The roles of group participation and group performance feedback were examined as antecedents of group potency, i.e., beliefs shared among a work group's members about the general effectiveness of the work group. Also examined were how group participation and the congruence of the feedback received from different sources about performance predicted convergence in members' beliefs about group effectiveness. The sample comprised 61 work groups of professionals involved in Master in Business Administration (MBA) programs (284 participants). Mean group size was 4.6 members ( SD = .58). 65% of participants were male, and 51% were between 30 and 40 years of age. Data were gathered at two measurem…
Adapting to the pandemic: longitudinal effects of social restrictions on time perception and boredom during the Covid-19 pandemic in Germany
2022
AbstractWith the Covid-19 pandemic, many governments introduced nationwide lockdowns that disrupted people’s daily routines and promoted social isolation. We applied a longitudinal online survey to investigate the mid-term effects of the mandated restrictions on the perceived passage of time (PPT) and boredom during and after a strict lockdown in Germany. One week after the beginning of the lockdown in March 2020, respondents reported a slower PPT and increased boredom compared to the pre-pandemic level. However, in the course of the lockdown, PPT accelerated and boredom decreased again until August 2020. Then, in October 2020, when incidence rates sharply rose and new restrictions were int…
Autosomal Recessive Hypercholesterolemia Long-Term Cardiovascular Outcomes
2017
BACKGROUND Autosomal recessive hypercholesterolemia (ARH) is a rare lipid disorder characterized by premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). There are sparse data for clinical management and cardiovascular outcomes in ARH. OBJECTIVES Evaluation of changes in lipid management, achievement of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) goals and cardiovascular outcomes in ARH. METHODS Published ARH cases were identified by electronic search. All corresponding authors and physicians known to treat these patients were asked to provide follow-up information, using a standardized protocol. RESULTS We collected data for 52 patients (28 females, 24 males; 31.1 +/- 17.1 years of age…
Do palatal implants remain positionally stable under orthodontic load? A clinical radiologic study.
2009
Introduction The aim of this study was to determine the positional stability and success rate of palatally placed length-reduced temporary anchorage devices (LRTADs) (length, 4 or 6 mm). Methods Twenty-two patients (ages, 21-62 years; 14 women, 8 men) were enrolled in the study. Each received 1 LRTAD (Orthosystem, Straumann, Switzerland) placed in the midsagittal palate for multifunctional anchorage tasks. Standardized cephalograms were taken directly after implant placement and at the end of treatment to analyze any implant movements. The cephalometric tracings were superimposed on anterior nasal spine to posterior nasal spine in posterior nasal spine to analyze changes in implant angulati…