Search results for "LSA"
showing 10 items of 832 documents
Rufinamide in refractory childhood epileptic encephalopathies other than Lennox-Gastaut syndrome
2011
Background:  To report on the first multicenter Italian experience with rufinamide as adjunctive drug in children, adolescents and young adults with refractory childhood-onset epileptic encephalopathies other than Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. Methods:  Thirty-eight patients (19 males, 19 females), aged between 4 and 34 (mean 13.7 ± 8.3, median 12.5), all affected by different types of childhood-onset refractory epileptic encephalopathies other than Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, were treated with rufinamide as adjunctive drug for a mean period of 11.4 months (range 3-26 months). Results:  Fifteen of 38 patients (39.5%) had a ≥50% seizure reduction in co…
Cardiorespiratory fitness and lifestyle on severe COVID-19 risk in 279,455 adults : a case control study
2021
Background The impact of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and other lifestyle-related factors on severe COVID-19 risk is understudied. The present study aims to investigate lifestyle-related and socioeconomic factors as possible predictors of COVID-19, with special focus on CRF, and to further study whether these factors may attenuate obesity- and hypertension-related risks, as well as mediate associations between socioeconomic factors and severe COVID-19 risk. Methods Out of initially 407,131 participants who participated in nationwide occupational health service screening between 1992 and 2020, n = 857 cases (70% men, mean age 49.9 years) of severe COVID-19 were identified. CRF was estimat…
Phantom Limb Pain in Daily Practice—Still a Lot of Work to Do!
2012
Objectives. Effective treatment of phantom limb pain (PLP, pain felt in the part of the body of an amputated limb) is still difficult to achieve, and improved treatment is needed. It is therefore of paramount interest to understand the current practice of PLP therapy outside pain centers. Design. As a part of a nationwide survey, 537 amputees were asked 11 questions related to their treatment experiences and the pain relief. Furthermore, the patients' opinion about the quality of medical care was also asked. Results. Five hundred thirty-seven out of 1088 amputees returned the questionnaire (49.4%). Four hundred (74.5%) suffered from PLP. The patients rated their caregivers' knowledge about …
Arterial stiffness indexes in acute ischemic stroke: Relationship with stroke subtype
2010
INTRODUCTION: No study has evaluated both arterial stiffness indexes (PWV and Aix) in patients with an acute cerebrovascular event. The aim of our study was to evaluate arterial stiffness indexes in subjects with acute ischemic stroke and to evaluate the relationship between these indexes and other clinical and laboratory variables. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We enrolled all consecutive patients with a diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke admitted to the Internal Medicine Department at the University of Palermo between November 2006 and January 2009, and hospitalized control patients without a diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke. The type of acute ischemic stroke was classified according to the TO…
Rising rural body-mass index is the main driver of the global obesity epidemic in adults.
2019
Body-mass index (BMI) has increased steadily in most countries in parallel with a rise in the proportion of the population who live in cities1,2. This has led to a widely reported view that urbanization is one of the most important drivers of the global rise in obesity3,4,5,6. Here we use 2,009 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in more than 112 million adults, to report national, regional and global trends in mean BMI segregated by place of residence (a rural or urban area) from 1985 to 2017. We show that, contrary to the dominant paradigm, more than 55% of the global rise in mean BMI from 1985 to 2017—and more than 80% in some low- and middle-income regions—w…
Combined heterogeneous distribution of salt and aroma in food enhances salt perception
2015
Aroma–taste interactions and heterogeneous spatial distribution of tastants were used as strategies for taste enhancement. This study investigated the combination of these two strategies through the effect of heterogeneous salt and aroma distribution on saltiness enhancement and consumer liking for hot snacks. Four-layered cream-based products were designed with the same total amount of sodium and ham aroma but varied in their spatial distribution. Unflavoured products containing the same amount of salt and 35% more salt were used as references. A consumer panel (n = 82) rated the intensity of salty, sweet, sour, bitter and umami tastes as well as ham and cheese aroma intensity for each pro…
Effects of antiepileptic drugs on cortical excitability in humans: A TMS-EMG and TMS-EEG study.
2018
Brain responses to transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) recorded by electroencephalography (EEG) are emergent noninvasive markers of neuronal excitability and effective connectivity in humans. However, the underlying physiology of these TMS-evoked EEG potentials (TEPs) is still heavily underexplored, impeding a broad application of TEPs to study pathology in neuropsychiatric disorders. Here we tested the effects of a single oral dose of three antiepileptic drugs with specific modes of action (carbamazepine, a voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) blocker; brivaracetam, a ligand to the presynaptic vesicle protein VSA2; tiagabine, a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) reuptake inhibitor) on TEP a…
Time course of adverse events most commonly associated with topiramate for migraine prevention
2007
The efficacy, safety and tolerability of topiramate has been demonstrated in three large multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials. To characterize the time course of adverse events (AEs) that led to treatment discontinuation in/=2% of patients who received topiramate 100 mg/day during three pivotal, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, and 26-week trials. The pooled population comprised all randomized patients who reported safety data during the double-blind phase (topiramate 100 mg/day, n = 386; placebo n = 372), which consisted of a 4-week titration period and a 22-week maintenance period. Incidence, time to onset, and cumulative mean rate of …
BMI and an anthropometry-based estimate of fat mass percentage are both valid discriminators of cardiometabolic risk: A comparison with DXA and bioim…
2013
Objective. To determine whether categories of obesity based on BMI and an anthropometry-based estimate of fat mass percentage (FM% equation) have similar discriminative ability for markers of cardiometabolic risk as measurements of FM% by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) or bioimpedance analysis (BIA).Design and Methods. A study of 40–79-year-old male (n=205) and female (n=388) Finns. Weight, height, blood pressure, triacylglycerols, HDL cholesterol, and fasting blood glucose were measured. Body composition was assessed by DXA and BIA and a FM%-equation.Results. For grade 1 hypertension, dyslipidaemia, and impaired fasting glucose >6.1 mmol/L, the categories of obesity as defined b…
Functional properties of the brain during sleep under subchronic zopiclone administration in man.
1994
Zopiclone, a non-benzodiazepine, has been shown to be efficient in the treatment of transient, short-term or chronic sleep disorders. Apart from its hypnotic effects zopiclone has anxiolytic, anticonvulsant and myorelaxant properties and is therefore hardly distinguishable from benzodiazepines. Dependence liability and discontinuation effects have been reported to be less pronounced. Therefore zopiclone seems to be a hypnotic drug which may cause fewer side effects than conventional benzodiazepines. From the electrophysiological point of view one requires from a hypnotic drug the induction of a physiological sleep pattern as well as no alterations of information processing by the brain. The…