Search results for "Lacunarity"

showing 9 items of 9 documents

Clustering statistics in cosmology

2002

The main tools in cosmology for comparing theoretical models with the observations of the galaxy distribution are statistical. We will review the applications of spatial statistics to the description of the large-scale structure of the universe. Special topics discussed in this talk will be: description of the galaxy samples, selection effects and biases, correlation functions, Fourier analysis, nearest neighbor statistics, Minkowski functionals and structure statistics. Special attention will be devoted to scaling laws and the use of the lacunarity measures in the description of the cosmic texture.

PhysicsTexture (cosmology)Astrophysics (astro-ph)FOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysicsGalaxyCosmologyk-nearest neighbors algorithmLacunarityMinkowski spaceStatisticsCluster analysisSpatial analysisSPIE Proceedings
researchProduct

Axial behaviour of Cantor ring diffractals

2003

Cantor ring diffractals describe rotationally symmetric pupils constructed from a one-dimensional polyadic Cantor set. The influence on the axial irradiance of several fractal descriptors of such pupils, including fractal dimension, number of gaps and lacunarity, are investigated. It is shown that, contrary to their transversal response, the axial behaviour of these pupils does not resemble the fractal structure of the aperture. The sensitivity of such pupils to the spherical aberration is also analysed.

PhysicsRing (mathematics)business.industryApertureAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsComputer Science::Human-Computer InteractionFractal dimensionAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsCantor setSpherical aberrationFractalOpticsLacunarityTransversal (combinatorics)businessJournal of Optics A: Pure and Applied Optics
researchProduct

Lacunar fractal photon sieves

2007

We present a new family of diffractive lenses whose structure is based on the combination of two concepts: photon sieve and fractal zone plates with variable lacunarity. The focusing properties of different members of this family are examined. It is shown that the sieves provide a smoothing effect on the higher order foci of a conventional lacunar fractal zone plate. However, the characteristic self-similar axial response of the fractal zone plates is always preserved.

PhotonMaterials sciencebusiness.industryFOS: Physical sciencesZone plateAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionPhoton sieveFractalOpticsDiffractive lenslawLacunarityElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrybusinessSmoothingPhysics - OpticsOptics (physics.optics)Optics Communications
researchProduct

Statistical geometric affinity in human brain electric activity

2007

10 pages, 9 figures.-- PACS nrs.: 87.19.La; 05.45.Tp.-- ISI Article Identifier: 000246890100105

Computer scienceModels NeurologicalNeurophysiologyElectroencephalographyInterpretation (model theory)[PACS] Time series analysis (nonlinear dynamical systems)LacunaritymedicineHumansComputer SimulationDiagnosis Computer-AssistedWakefulnessRepresentation (mathematics)ScalingEvoked PotentialsModels Statisticalmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industry[PACS] Neuroscience (higher organisms)BrainPattern recognitionElectroencephalographyNeurophysiologyAmplitudeStatistical analysisData Interpretation StatisticalBioelectric phenomenaLacunarityAffine transformationArtificial intelligenceSleep StagesbusinessSleep
researchProduct

Fractal zone plates with variable lacunarity.

2009

Fractal zone plates (FZPs), i.e., zone plates with fractal structure, have been recently introduced in optics. These zone plates are distinguished by the fractal focusing structure they provide along the optical axis. In this paper we study the effects on this axial response of an important descriptor of fractals: the lacunarity. It is shown that this parameter drastically affects the profile of the irradiance response along the optical axis. In spite of this fact, the axial behavior always has the self-similarity characteristics of the FZP itself.

DiffractionOptical axisPhysicsOpticsFractalOptical tweezersbusiness.industryLacunarityFresnel numberbusinessDiffraction efficiencyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsVariable (mathematics)Optics express
researchProduct

Polyadic devil's lenses.

2009

Devil’s lenses (DLs) were recently proposed as a new kind of kinoform lens in which the phase structure is characterized by the “devil’s staircase” function. DLs are considered fractal lenses because they are constructed following the geometry of the triadic Cantor set and because they provide self-similar foci along the optical axis. Here, DLs are generalized allowing the inclusion of polyadic Cantor distributions in their design. The lacunarity of the selected polyadic fractal distribution is an additional design parameter. The results are coined polyadic DLs. Construction requirements and interrelations among the different parameters of these new fractal lenses are also presented. It is …

PhysicsFresnel zonebusiness.industryKinoformFunction (mathematics)Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionLens (optics)Optical axisCantor setFractalOpticslawLacunarityComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionPhysics::Chemical PhysicsbusinessJournal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision
researchProduct

Diffraction by fractal metallic supergratings.

2007

The reflectance of corrugated surfaces with a fractal distribution of grooves is investigated. Triadic and polyadic Cantor fractal distributions are considered, and the reflected intensity is compared with that of the corresponding periodic structure. The self-similarity property of the response is analyzed when varying the depth of the grooves and the lacunarity parameter. The results confirm that the response is self-similar for the whole range of depths considered, and this property is also maintained for all values of the lacunarity parameter. © 2007 Optical Society of America. Fil: Skigin, Diana Carina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación…

DiffractionMaterials scienceScatteringbusiness.industryCiencias Físicas//purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3 [https]Polarization (waves)ReflectivityAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsAstronomía//purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https]MetalOpticsFractalLacunarityvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumReflection coefficientbusinessCIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTASOptics express
researchProduct

PD recognition by means of statistical and fractal parameters and a neural network

2000

A novel partial discharge (PD) defect identification method is described. Starting with PD data on different families of specimens, a suitable set of parameters are determined and then used as input variables to a neural network for the purpose of identifying the defects within the insulation. In this procedure the statistical Weibull analysis is performed on PD pulse amplitude histograms to obtain the scale parameter /spl alpha/ and the shape parameter /spl beta/. Thereafter, the two statistical operators (skewness and kurtosis) and two fractal parameters (fractal dimension and lacunarity) are evaluated from the PD phase on the discharge epoch histogram and from the 3 dimensional (pulse am…

business.industryPattern recognitionFractal dimensionShape parameterFractalHistogramLacunarityPartial dischargeKurtosisArtificial intelligenceElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessScale parameterMathematicsIEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation
researchProduct

A discrimination technique for extensive air showers based on multiscale, lacunarity and neural network analysis

2011

We present a new method for the identification of extensive air showers initiated by different primaries. The method uses the multiscale concept and is based on the analysis of multifractal behaviour and lacunarity of secondary particle distributions together with a properly designed and trained artificial neural network. In the present work the method is discussed and applied to a set of fully simulated vertical showers, in the experimental framework of ARGO-YBJ, to obtain hadron to gamma primary separation. We show that the presented approach gives very good results, leading, in the 1–10 TeV energy range, to a clear improvement of the discrimination power with respect to the existing figu…

PhysicsWavelet MethodNuclear and High Energy PhysicsNeural NetworksArtificial neural networkAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaCosmic Rays; Extensive Air Showers; Multiscale Analysis; Wavelet Methods; Neural NetworksMultiscale AnalysiDetectorSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleExtensive Air ShowerCosmic rayMultifractal systemCosmic RayAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSet (abstract data type)LacunarityRange (statistics)High Energy Physics::ExperimentAlgorithmEnergy (signal processing)Simulation
researchProduct