Search results for "Latin america"

showing 10 items of 239 documents

Genetic variability of Spodoptera frugiperda Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) populations from Latin America is associated with variations in susceptib…

2006

ABSTRACT Bacillus thuringiensis strains isolated from Latin American soil samples that showed toxicity against three Spodoptera frugiperda populations from different geographical areas (Mexico, Colombia, and Brazil) were characterized on the basis of their insecticidal activity, crystal morphology, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of parasporal crystals, plasmid profiles, and cry gene content. We found that the different S. frugiperda populations display different susceptibilities to the selected B. thuringiensis strains and also to pure preparations of Cry1B, Cry1C, and Cry1D toxins. Binding assays performed with pure toxin demonstrated that the differences in the …

Bacterial ToxinsBacillus thuringiensisSpodopteraSpodopteraApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyPolymerase Chain ReactionLepidoptera genitaliaHemolysin ProteinsBacterial ProteinsBacillus thuringiensisGenetic variationparasitic diseasesInvertebrate MicrobiologyAnimalsGenetic variabilityPest Control BiologicalSoil MicrobiologyGeneticsGenetic diversityGenetically modified maizeEcologybiologyBacillus thuringiensis ToxinsMicrovillibusiness.industryfungiGenetic Variationbiology.organism_classificationBiotechnologyRandom Amplified Polymorphic DNA TechniqueEndotoxinsLatin AmericaNoctuidaebusinessFood ScienceBiotechnologyApplied and environmental microbiology
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La confrontación partidista española a propósito de América Latina

2021

América Latina ha sido desde siempre objeto de controversia en España, aunque últimamente con mayor intensidad se ha convertido en materia de utilización partidista, especialmente por parte de un bloque conservador que se esfuerza en convertir hechos y procesos latinoamericanos en elementos de confrontación política interna española. También las izquierdas hispanas tienen presente a América latina en su acción política, y padecen una elevada desinformación, mientras mantienen clichés de otra época. El artículo atiende a tres casos en la confrontación derecha/izquierda de los últimos tiempos: Venezuela, ariete conservador contra el Gobierno de Pedro Sánchez; México, como excitante del nacion…

BoliviaHistorySociology and Political ScienceMéxicoEspañaPartits políticsPartisanshipVenezuelaAmérica-LatinaPhilosophyLatin AmericaArts and Humanities (miscellaneous)SpainPolitical sciencePartidismoHumanitiesSocial Sciences (miscellaneous)
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Constitutional developments in Latin American abortion law.

2016

Abstract For most of the 20th Century, restrictive abortion laws were in place in continental Latin America. In recent years, reforms have caused a liberalizing shift, supported by constitutional decisions of the countries’ high courts. The present article offers an overview of the turn toward more liberal rules and the resolution of abortion disputes by reference to national constitutions. For such purpose, the main legal changes of abortion laws in the last decade are first surveyed. Landmark decisions of the high courts of Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, and Mexico are then analyzed. It is shown that courts have accepted the need to balance interests and competing rights to ground less res…

BoliviaValue of LifeLatin AmericansHuman Rightsmedia_common.quotation_subjectArgentinaPrinciple of legalityAbortionColombiaPersonhood03 medical and health sciencesDignity0302 clinical medicinePregnancyMedicineHumans030212 general & internal medicineDeveloping CountriesMexicomedia_commonBalance (metaphysics)Jurisprudence030505 public healthbusiness.industryConstitution and BylawsPoliticsObstetrics and GynecologyAbortion InducedGeneral MedicineRight to lifeAbortion lawAbortion CriminalLawFemale0305 other medical sciencebusinessAutonomyInternational journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics
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How credit ratings affect sovereign credit risk: cross-border evidence in Latin American emerging markets

2017

This article builds upon previous literature by providing a better understanding of how contagion changes in bordering sovereign CDS emerging markets resulting from credit rating events. To that end, we follow the novel GVAR methodology using data from six Latin American emerging countries during an extensive sample period from 2004 to 2014. Our findings show evidence for the existence of significant and asymmetric cross-border effects. In particular, a competition effect is observed before the event occurs, indicating that non-event countries suffer (benefit) from upgrades (downgrades) in Brazil, Mexico and Chile (in Argentina and Brazil). In contrast, an imitation effect is observed after…

CDS spreadsEconomics and Econometrics050208 financeLatin Americans05 social sciencesEmerging marketsSample (statistics)Financial systemInternational economicsEconomiaCompetition (economics)Credit ratingCredit ratingsSpillover effectSovereignty0502 economics and businessSovereign credit riskEconomicsSpillover effectsGVAR050207 economicsBusiness and International ManagementEmerging markets
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Flow cytometry diagnosis in myelodysplastic syndrome: Current practice in Latin America and comparison with other regions of the world

2019

Background: Flow cytometry (FC) is a valuable tool for the diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). We present results of a survey carried out to evaluate FC current practice for MDS diagnosis in Latin America (LA), focusing on markers used and characteristics of the clinical diagnostic report. Compliance to IMDSflow recommendations was also evaluated. These practices were then compared with those used in other countries. Methods: An online survey was sent through the Grupo Latino-Americano de Mielodisplasia to LA cytometrists and other international scientific societies. Results: 91 responses from 15 LA countries were received. The median of the number of markers used was 20 +/- 4.5, …

CanadaCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyAsiaLatin AmericansOceaniaImmunophenotyping03 medical and health sciencesEuropean LeukemiaNet0302 clinical medicineSurveys and QuestionnairesDiagnosismedicineHumansFlow cytometryPractice Patterns Physicians'SurveyGeographybusiness.industryMyelodysplastic syndromesHematologyFlow Cytometrymedicine.diseaseUnited StatesEuropeClinical PracticeLatin AmericaOncologyCurrent practiceMyelodysplastic Syndromes030220 oncology & carcinogenesisFamily medicineAfricabusinessMyelodysplastic syndromeBackground flowBiomarkers030215 immunologyLeukemia Research
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Systems of attention to childhood education in Latin America and The Caribbean (AL & C)

2019

El propósito de este artículo se centra en conocer cómo se estructuran los sistemas educativos de los países de América Latina y la Región de Caribe respecto al tramo de la primera infancia. Se llevó a cabo el análisis de diversos informes internacionales y documentos oficiales sobre los avances de los programas en cuanto a cobertura, inversión, regulaciones, entre otros. La naturaleza de carácter documental de este trabajo permite una aproximación comparada entre los países acerca del modo en que aborda la escolarización de la primera infancia en cada país de la región. Uno de los logros más destacados es el vinculado a la expansión del primer nivel educativo y a la cobertura alcanzada. Ca…

CaribbeanEducación InfantilChildhood educationSistemas educativosLatin AmericaAmérica LatinaCaribeKindergartensEducation systemsPárvulos
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Scientometrics analysis of research activity and collaboration patterns in Chagas cardiomyopathy.

2018

Background Chagas cardiomyopathy is a serious and common complication of Chagas disease. Methods Through bibliometric and Social Network Analysis, we examined patterns of research on Chagas cardiomyopathy, identifying the main countries, authors, research clusters, and topics addressed; and measuring the contribution of different countries. Results We found 1932 documents on Chagas cardiomyopathy in the MEDLINE database. The most common document type was ‘journal article’, accounting for 79.6% of the total (n = 1538), followed by ‘review’ (n = 217, 11.2%). The number of published records increased from 156 in 1980–1984 to 311 in 2010–2014. Only 2.5% were clinical trials. Brazil and the USA …

Chagas diseaseChagas Cardiomyopathymedicine.medical_specialtyBoliviaLatin AmericansMyocarditislcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicinelcsh:RC955-962MEDLINE030231 tropical medicineMEDLINECardiology030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyBibliometricsResearch and Analysis MethodsGeographical locations03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineMedicine and Health SciencesParasitic DiseasesMedicineHumansChagas DiseaseCooperative BehaviorProtozoan Infectionsbusiness.industryResearchlcsh:Public aspects of medicinePublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthSocial Supportlcsh:RA1-1270ScientometricsSouth AmericaResearch Assessmentmedicine.diseaseTropical DiseasesResearch PersonnelClinical trialInfectious DiseasesClinical researchBibliometricsFamily medicineCitation AnalysisPeople and placesbusinessCardiomyopathiesBrazilResearch ArticleNeglected Tropical DiseasesPLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
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Institutions, crises, and political confidence in seven contemporary democracies. An elite-mass analysis

2017

There is ample consensus in the literature that institutional confidence by the public is needed in democracies and at the same time elites, particularly political elites, need to share this confidence in their guidance of state institutions, if political stability in established democracies and the consolidation of new democracies are desired. The research takes the form of a quantitative analysis based on the World Values Surveys and the elite surveys (parliamentarians) conducted in 2006 (before the financial crisis) and in 2012–2013 (post the crisis when apparently, the worst of the economic crunch had lessened up) in the 7 countries selected. We explore what lies at the base of politica…

Civil societyEconomic growthLatin AmericansPublic Administration05 social sciencesConfidence intervalCrunch0506 political sciencePoliticsConsolidation (business)0502 economics and businessPolitical Science and International RelationsFinancial crisisDevelopment economicsElite050602 political science & public administrationSociology050207 economicsJournal of Public Affairs
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Introduction: Time, Space and Economics in the History of Latin America

2020

This book represents a contribution in, at least, three dimensions: quantitative, historical and conceptual. From a quantitative point of view, the volume presents an extensive data set corresponding to 9 countries, 182 regions (states, provinces, departments) and around 14 benchmark years from the end of the nineteenth century to the beginning of the twenty-first century. This constitutes a substantial contribution to quantitatively analyse the economic development of Latin America, identifying the evolution of regional inequality and studying economic convergence and the formation of convergence clubs (clusters of poor and rich regions). Second, the volume combines a regional and supranat…

Convergence clubsPoliticsLatin AmericansEconomyInequalityPolitical scienceInterpretation (philosophy)media_common.quotation_subjectAccountabilityConvergence (economics)Natural resourcemedia_common
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Assessing the measurement invariance of a Latin-American Spanish translation of the Body Appreciation Scale-2 in Mexican, Argentinean, and Colombian …

2020

In order to advance in the study of positive body image among different cultures, it is important to create culturally appropriate measures. We examined the psychometric properties of a Latin-American Spanish translation of the Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2; Tylka & Wood-Barcalow, 2015a), specifically assessing measurement invariance using a large sample of 3845 male and female adolescents from Argentina, Mexico, and Colombia. Participants completed the BAS-2, Eating Disorder Inventory-2, Male Body Attitude Scale and the Sociocultural Attitudes Toward Appearance Questionnaire-3. The BAS-2 had a unidimensional factor structure in each of the three samples. We confirmed the structural, met…

Cross-Cultural ComparisonMale050103 clinical psychologyPositive body imageLatin AmericansSocial PsychologyAdolescentPsychometricsArgentinaValidity050109 social psychologySample (statistics)Attitude scaleColombiaDevelopmental psychologySex Factorsparasitic diseasesBody ImageHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesMeasurement invarianceSociocultural evolutionMexicoGeneral PsychologyApplied Psychology05 social sciencesReproducibility of ResultsC800 PsychologyScale (social sciences)FemalePsychologyBody image
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