Search results for "Latitude"

Applicability of a simple model for computing diffuse solar radiation to locations of the European, African, Asian and North American areas

1992

Abstract It is tested if the correlation type D = K(s/S)−0.25 (sin hn)1.55, 0.2 ⩽ s/S ⩽ 0.9 previously proposed by Coppolino for Italian locations using K = 7.0, allows a reliable estimation of the monthly mean daily diffuse solar radiation D (MJ m−2 day−1), from only the monthly mean daily relative sunshine s/S and the noon altitude of the sun on the 15th of the month hn (degrees) at locations of the European, African, Asian and North American areas. The test is performed at 14 stations in the above areas displaced at various latitudes L, elevations above sea level E and geographical situations, using K = 7.0 for the stations where 0.48 ⩽ (s/S)m, ⩽ 0.63, K = 8.5 for those where 0.40 ⩽ (s/S…

A very simple model for computing global solar radiation

1990

Abstract In this paper a very simple model for predicting the daily global solar radiation at any Italian location using as input of a few extensively measured meterological parameters is proposed. In fact the daily radiation G (MJ m−2) is here correlated only with the sunshine duration s (h) and the noon altitude of the sun on the 15th of the month h n (degrees) by the following equation: G= Ks 0.5 (sin h n ) 1.15 where only one value of the factor K is used. The validity of this formula is verified fixing K = 7.8 and using the data from 34 Italian stations displaced at various latitudes, altitudes or geographical situations (inland or coastal site). The test results show that the deviatio…

Oxygen isotope and salinity measurements of coastal surface waters in the Gulf of Maine

2020

These data include salinity and oxygen isotope measurements of water samples collected from coastal sites along the Gulf of Maine between 2003 and 2015. In particular, a suite of samples were collected along the coast of Maine, east of Penobscot Bay, on a monthly basis between April 2014 and March 2015. These data also include several freshwater samples collected from the Kennebec and Penobscot Rivers on a semi-monthly basis in 2014 and 2015. For the water samples with sample IDs starting with DSW, JSW, NSW, or OSW: The water samples were collected by hand from shore or boat using French square glass bottles with phenolic polycone lined caps. Salinity was measured using a Oakton SALT 6+ han…

What Drove Past Teleconnections?

2003

Ice core records from Greenland and Antarctica and sediment records from the world9s oceans have shown that over the past 100,000 years, climate has varied substantially across the globe. In his Perspective, Sirocko asks what drove these--sometimes very rapid--climate oscillations. He highlights the report of Burns et al., whose monsoon record from the Indian Ocean shows strong similarities with ice core records from Greenland. Sirocko argues that the large areas of homogeneous sea surface temperature in the cold circum-Antarctic current and in the warm-water masses of the low latitudes must have played an important role in linking climate forcing between distant parts of the world. The muc…

Influence of ambient temperature on the photosynthetic activity and phenolic content of the intertidal Cystoseira compressa along the Italian coastli…

2019

Understanding the physiological responses of intertidal seaweeds to environmental factors is fundamental to characterize their local physiological adaptation and success in the face of climate change. We measured the photosynthetic activity and the total phenolic content of the intertidal alga Cystoseira compressa and explored their relationship with latitude or local ambient air and seawater temperatures. Our results show that, when submerged, the photosynthetic activity of C. compressa showed values typical for non-stressed thalli, and the seawater temperatures found across sites explained the variability of these values. We observed a decrease in the photosynthetic activity of C. compres…

Comparison between the performances of daylight linked control system at two different latitudes

2019

The aim of this work is to compare the performance of a daylight-linked control system installed and tested in two different case studies by means of a set of indices. The two case studies are characterized by different geometry, location and windows orientation. The first one is located at the ENEA premises in Lampedusa (IT, 35° 30' N); the second one is located in Palermo (IT, 38°6' N) on the third floor of the building 9 of the Department of Engineering if the University of Palermo. In both cases, the indices were calculated by using the same daylight-linked control system and the same end-use (office). The results were reported and analysed in order to demonstrate as the performances of…

2008

Abstract. Airborne in-situ observations of carbon dioxide (CO2) were made during 7 intensive measurement campaigns between November 2001 and April 2003 as part of the SPURT project. Vertical profiles and latitudinal gradients in the upper troposphere/lowermost stratosphere were measured along the western shore of Europe from the subtropics to high northern latitudes during different seasons. In the boundary layer, CO2 exhibits a strong seasonal cycle with the maximum mixing ratios in winter and minimum values in summer, reflecting the strength of CO2 exchange with vegetation. Seasonal variations are strongest in high latitudes and propagate to the free troposphere and lowermost stratosphere…

1.6 suns at 58°20′N - the solar resource in Southern Norway

2014

We measured an extreme overirradiance event of 1.6 suns at latitude 58°20′N during a solar resource assessment in southern Norway. The burst occurred when the sun showed in a narrow gap between broken, optically thin altocumulus clouds. The enhancement was most intense within 3° around the solar disk. The annual solar irradiation in the plane of an optimally tilted PV array peaked at 1.30 MWh/m2 in the year 2013, and measured 1.20 MWh/m2 in the previous two years. These values exclude irradiance below 0.05 suns but include reflections from the sea surface and terrain which have not been quantified. The long-term average predicted by the Photovoltaic Geographical Information System (PVGIS) i…

Mapping the global distribution of the freshwater hydrozoan Craspedacusta sowerbii

2021

The invasive freshwater jellyfish Craspedacusta sowerbii (Limnomedusae, Olindiidae) is native to East Asia and since the end of the 19th century, was observed in Europe, then in North America, and across the globe. In recent decades, reports of C. sowerbii have drastically increased in Europe, North and South America, Australia, Asia, and parts of Africa. However, the worldwide distribution of C. sowerbii remains poorly documented due to the lack of information in various aquatic environments. This dataset globalises the occurrences of this species from an extensive literature review and database review. Information extracted from the literature/database were organised and synthesised accor…

Windowed Etas Models With Application To The Chilean Seismic Catalogs

2015

Abstract The seismicity in Chile is estimated using an ETAS (Epidemic Type Aftershock sequences) space–time point process through a semi-parametric technique to account for the estimation of parametric and nonparametric components simultaneously. The two components account for triggered and background seismicity respectively, and are estimated by alternating a ML estimation for the parametric part and a forward predictive likelihood technique for the nonparametric one. Given the geographic and seismological characteristics of Chile, the sensitivity of the technique with respect to different geographical areas is examined in overlapping successive windows with varying latitude. A different b…