Search results for "Layers"
showing 10 items of 335 documents
A semi-empirical approach for the simulation of circular dichroism spectra of gramicidin A in a model membrane
1992
In an extension of our previous work (Bañó, M. C., Braco, L., and Abad, C. 1991. Biochemistry. 30:886-94), the kinetics of dissociation of gramicidin A double-stranded dimers into beta 6.3-helical monomers in small unilamellar vesicles prepared following different protocols, were investigated using in combination circular dichroism (CD) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The analysis of the data from both techniques according to a two-component model strongly supports that any given CD pattern of gramicidin incorporated in the phospholipid bilayer can be deconvoluted essentially as a linear combination of the reference subspectra calculated for the double-stranded dimer and …
Structural characterisation of the natural membrane-bound state of melittin: a fluorescence study of a dansylated analogue
1997
Abstract The binding of a dansylated analogue of melittin (DNC–melittin) to natural membranes is described. The cytolytic peptide from honey bee venom melittin was enzymatically labelled in its glutamine-25 with the fluorescent probe monodansylcadaverine using guinea pig liver transglutaminase. The labelled peptide was characterised functionally in cytolytic assays, and spectroscopically by circular dichroism and fluorescence. The behaviour of DNC–melittin was, in all respects, indistinguishable from that of the naturally occurring peptide. We used resonance energy transfer to measure the state of aggregation of melittin on the membrane plane in synthetic and natural lipid bilayers. When bo…
Environment- and sequence-dependent modulation of the double-stranded to single-stranded conformational transition of gramicidin A in membranes.
1998
The role of the membrane lipid composition and the individual Trp residues in the conformational rearrangement of gramicidin A along the folding pathway to its channel conformation has been examined in phospholipid bilayers by means of previously described size-exclusion high-performance liquid chromatography HPLC-based strategy (Bano et al. (1991) Biochemistry 30, 886). It has been demonstrated that the chemical composition of the membrane influences the transition rate of the peptide rearrangement from double-stranded dimers to beta-helical monomers. The chemical modification of Trp residues, or its substitution by the more hydrophobic residues phenylalanine or naphthylalanine, stabilized…
Probes for studying cholesterol binding and cell biology.
2011
Cholesterol is a multifunctional lipid in eukaryotic cells. It regulates the physical state of the phospholipid bilayer, is crucially involved in the formation of membrane microdomains, affects the activity of many membrane proteins, and is the precursor for steroid hormones and bile acids. Thus, cholesterol plays a profound role in the physiology and pathophysiology of eukaryotic cells. The cholesterol molecule has achieved evolutionary perfection to fulfill its different functions in membrane organization. Here, we review basic approaches to explore the interaction of cholesterol with proteins, with a particular focus on the high diversity of fluorescent and photoreactive cholesterol prob…
Analysis of shots in relation to the outcome in elite women's water polo matches. [Análisis de los lanzamientos en función del resultado en partidos …
2018
Abstract The aim of the current study was to investigate the shot performance of elite female water polo players according to their match outcome during three international tournaments, the 2012 Olympic Games, 2013 and 2014 FINA World Leagues. Twenty-four official matches footage [2012 Summer Olympic Games, n=8; 2013 FINA World League, n=8 and 2014 FINA World League, n=8] were obtained and analysed. The results showed that a similar playing style was used in both the 2012 and 2013 tournaments, independently of the outcome while in the 2014 FINA World League, winning teams performed more shots after displacement, more shots ending to zone 4 and scored more goals than losing ones (and fewer s…
Childhood football play and practice in relation to self-regulation and national team selection; a study of Norwegian elite youth players.
2018
Childhood sport participation is argued to be important to understand differences in self-regulation and performance level in adolescence. This study sought to investigate if football-specific activities in childhood (6–12 years of age) is related to self-regulatory skills and national under 14- and 15-team selection in Norwegian elite youth football. Data of practice histories and self-regulatory skills of 515 youth football players selected at Norwegian regional level were collected and further analysed using multilevel analyses. The results revealed that high self-regulated players were more likely to be selected for national initiatives, and increased their involvement in peer-led footb…
Men's doubles professional tennis on hard courts: Game structure and point ending characteristics
2019
Despite the great tradition and importance of the doubles game in professional tennis, no literature has analysed to date the performance of professional players. Therefore, the information on the characteristics of the game, or the tactics related to how the points are won in doubles play is scarce. The objective of this study has been to describe the basic characteristics of the structure of the doubles game, and to establish how the points finish in doubles professional tennis played on hard courts. Thirty-four ATP doubles matches played in 2018 were analysed, which included a total of 40 professional players. As per the game structure, the results showed that, in comparison to the singl…
Optical and dielectric properties of MoO 3 nanosheets for van der Waals heterostructures
2021
Two-dimensional (2D) insulators are a key element in the design and fabrication of van der Waals heterostructures. They are vital as transparent dielectric spacers whose thickness can influence both the photonic, electronic, and optoelectronic properties of 2D devices. Simultaneously, they provide protection of the active layers in the heterostructure. For these critical roles, hexagonal Boron Nitride (hBN) is the dominant choice due to its large bandgap, atomic flatness, low defect density, and encapsulation properties. However, the broad catalogue of 2D insulators offers exciting opportunities to replace hBN in certain applications that require transparent thin layers with additional opti…
Differences in Technical Development and Playing Space in Three UEFA Champions Leagues
2021
[Abstract] The analysis of football grows exponentially, with many researchers adopting it as an object of study. The thematic range that addresses it, as well as the different methodologies used, are of a very different nature—physical, psychological, technical, tactical—enriching every day the knowledge, and understanding of the game itself. The objective of this study has been to identify the differences between the different styles of play that lead to becoming the champion of the UEFA Champions League in the last 3 years of the pre-COVID stage, by analyzing the spatial performance developed, the association between the players that make up the different lines of the game system and the…
Structural investigation of the confinement of finite amounts of trehalose in water-containing sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate reversed micell…
2006
The structural effect of trehalose confined in water-containing sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate (AOT) reversed micelles at water to AOT molar ratio W = 5 and 10 as a function of the trehalose to AOT molar ratio T (0 < T < 0.1) has been investigated by small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). SANS data analysis is consistent with the hypothesis that trehalose is encapsulated within the quite spherical hydrophilic micellar cores of water-containing reversed micelles, causing an increase of the aggregate size and a decrease of the polydispersion. Moreover, SANS results suggest that the trehalose confinement in water-containing reversed micelles involves marked changes on the molecular pac…