Search results for "Learning theory"

showing 10 items of 216 documents

Evaluating the stability of pharmacophore features using molecular dynamics simulations.

2016

Abstract Molecular dynamics simulations of twelve protein—ligand systems were used to derive a single, structure based pharmacophore model for each system. These merged models combine the information from the initial experimental structure and from all snapshots saved during the simulation. We compared the merged pharmacophore models with the corresponding PDB pharmacophore models, i.e., the static models generated from an experimental structure in the usual manner. The frequency of individual features, of feature types and the occurrence of features not present in the static model derived from the experimental structure were analyzed. We observed both pharmacophore features not visible in …

0301 basic medicineProtein FlexibilityProtein ConformationBiophysicsStability (learning theory)Molecular Dynamics SimulationLigands01 natural sciencesBiochemistryLigandScoutSet (abstract data type)03 medical and health sciencesMolecular dynamicsComputational chemistryFeature (machine learning)Pharmacophore ModelingSensitivity (control systems)Molecular BiologyBinding Sites010405 organic chemistryChemistryStructure-based Pharmacophore ModelingMolecular DynamicProteinsHydrogen BondingCell Biology0104 chemical sciences030104 developmental biologyRankingModels ChemicalDrug DesignPharmacophoreBiological systemProtein BindingBiochemical and biophysical research communications
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A study on time discretization and adaptive mesh refinement methods for the simulation of cancer invasion: The urokinase model

2016

In the present work we investigate a model that describes the chemotactically and proteolytically driven tissue invasion by cancer cells. The model is a system of advection-reaction-diffusion equations that takes into account the role of the serine protease urokinase-type plasminogen activator. The analytical and numerical study of such a system constitutes a challenge due to the merging, emerging, and traveling concentrations that the solutions exhibit. Classical numerical methods applied to this system necessitate very fine discretization grids to resolve these dynamics in an accurate way. To reduce the computational cost without sacrificing the accuracy of the solution, we apply adaptive…

0301 basic medicineWork (thermodynamics)Mathematical optimizationFinite volume methodDiscretizationComputer scienceAdaptive mesh refinementApplied MathematicsNumerical analysisStability (learning theory)03 medical and health sciencesComputational Mathematics030104 developmental biologyDevelopment (topology)Applied mathematicsTissue invasionApplied Mathematics and Computation
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Full-automatic computer aided system for stem cell clustering using content-based microscopic image analysis

2017

Abstract Stem cells are very original cells that can differentiate into other cells, tissues and organs, which play a very important role in biomedical treatments. Because of the importance of stem cells, in this paper we propose a full-automatic computer aided clustering system to assist scientists to explore potential co-occurrence relations between the cell differentiation and their morphological information in phenotype. In this proposed system, a multi-stage Content-based Microscopic Image Analysis (CBMIA) framework is applied, including image segmentation, feature extraction, feature selection, feature fusion and clustering techniques. First, an Improved Supervised Normalized Cuts (IS…

0301 basic medicinebusiness.industryComputer scienceFeature extractionBiomedical EngineeringStability (learning theory)Pattern recognitionFeature selection02 engineering and technologyImage segmentation03 medical and health sciences030104 developmental biologyFeature (computer vision)Robustness (computer science)0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering020201 artificial intelligence & image processingSegmentationArtificial intelligencebusinessCluster analysisBiocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering
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Sort and beer: Everything you wanted to know about the sorting task but did not dare to ask

2011

author cannot archive publisher's version/PDF; International audience; In industries, the sensory characteristics of products are key points to control. The method commonly used to characterize and describe products is the conventional profile. This very efficient method requires a lot of time to train assessors and to teach them how to quantify the sensory characteristics of interest. Over the last few years, other faster and less restricting methods have been developed, such as free choice profile, flash profile, projective mapping or sorting tasks. Among these methods, the sorting task has recently become quite popular in sensory evaluation because of its simplicity: it only requires ass…

030309 nutrition & dieteticsComputer sciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectControl (management)NovicesStability (learning theory)Sensory systemMachine learningcomputer.software_genreTask (project management)03 medical and health sciences0404 agricultural biotechnologysortSimplicitySorting taskmedia_common0303 health sciencesNutrition and Dieteticsbusiness.industrySortingBeer04 agricultural and veterinary sciences040401 food scienceKey (cryptography)Artificial intelligencebusinesscomputer[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionFood ScienceExperts
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A systematic review of immersive virtual reality applications for higher education: Design elements, lessons learned, and research agenda

2019

Abstract Researchers have explored the benefits and applications of virtual reality (VR) in different scenarios. VR possesses much potential and its application in education has seen much research interest lately. However, little systematic work currently exists on how researchers have applied immersive VR for higher education purposes that considers the usage of both high-end and budget head-mounted displays (HMDs). Hence, we propose using systematic mapping to identify design elements of existing research dedicated to the application of VR in higher education. The reviewed articles were acquired by extracting key information from documents indexed in four scientific digital libraries, whi…

030504 nursingGeneral Computer ScienceHigher educationPoint (typography)business.industryComputer science05 social sciences050301 educationUsabilityVirtual realityDigital libraryField (computer science)EducationInformatik03 medical and health sciencesHuman–computer interactionLearning theory0305 other medical sciencebusinessVDP::Teknologi: 500::Informasjons- og kommunikasjonsteknologi: 5500503 educationInclusion (education)Computers & Education
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Children's Learning of Unfamiliar Phonological Sequences

1971

4 groups of 15 4-, 6-, 8-, and 10-yr.-old children learned nonsense phonological sequences that varied in grammaticality by violating 0, 1, or 2 phonological rules of Ss' native language. The youngest age group made fewer errors in learning the most nongrammatical phonological sequences than in learning grammatical ones. With the 10- and 8-yr.-olds an opposite trend was found. The differences were not statistically significant. Implications for second language learning were discussed.

060201 languages & linguisticsCommunicationGrammarbusiness.industrymedia_common.quotation_subjectFirst languageNonsenseExperimental and Cognitive Psychology06 humanities and the artsLanguage acquisitionSensory SystemsLinguisticsPhonological ruleSecond language0602 languages and literatureLearning theoryGrammaticalitybusinessPsychologymedia_commonPerceptual and Motor Skills
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On the stability of some controlled Markov chains and its applications to stochastic approximation with Markovian dynamic

2015

We develop a practical approach to establish the stability, that is, the recurrence in a given set, of a large class of controlled Markov chains. These processes arise in various areas of applied science and encompass important numerical methods. We show in particular how individual Lyapunov functions and associated drift conditions for the parametrized family of Markov transition probabilities and the parameter update can be combined to form Lyapunov functions for the joint process, leading to the proof of the desired stability property. Of particular interest is the fact that the approach applies even in situations where the two components of the process present a time-scale separation, w…

65C05FOS: Computer and information sciencesStatistics and ProbabilityLyapunov functionStability (learning theory)Markov processContext (language use)Mathematics - Statistics Theorycontrolled Markov chainsStatistics Theory (math.ST)Stochastic approximation01 natural sciencesMethodology (stat.ME)010104 statistics & probabilitysymbols.namesake60J05stochastic approximationFOS: MathematicsComputational statisticsApplied mathematics60J220101 mathematicsStatistics - MethodologyMathematicsSequenceMarkov chain010102 general mathematicsStability Markov chainssymbolsStatistics Probability and Uncertaintyadaptive Markov chain Monte Carlo
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Accurate estimation of retinal vessel width using bagged decision trees and an extended multiresolution Hermite model.

2012

We present an algorithm estimating the width of retinal vessels in fundus camera images. The algorithm uses a novel parametric surface model of the cross-sectional intensities of vessels, and ensembles of bagged decision trees to estimate the local width from the parameters of the best-fit surface. We report comparative tests with REVIEW, currently the public database of reference for retinal width estimation, containing 16 images with 193 annotated vessel segments and 5066 profile points annotated manually by three independent experts. Comparative tests are reported also with our own set of 378 vessel widths selected sparsely in 38 images from the Tayside Scotland diabetic retinopathy scre…

Accurate estimationComputer scienceStability (learning theory)Decision treeHealth Informaticscomputer.software_genreSensitivity and SpecificityPattern Recognition AutomatedSet (abstract data type)Parametric surfaceImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingFluorescein AngiographyHermite polynomialsDiabetic RetinopathySettore INF/01 - InformaticaRadiological and Ultrasound TechnologyReproducibility of ResultsRetinal VesselsImage EnhancementComputer Graphics and Computer-Aided DesignData setComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionData miningRetinal images Vessel width Multiresolution Hermite model Ensembles of bagged decision trees Medical image analysiscomputerAlgorithmsTest dataRetinoscopyMedical image analysis
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Adaptive frequency decomposition of EEG with subsequent expert system analysis.

2001

We present a hybrid system for automatic analysis of clinical routine EEG, comprising a spectral analysis and an expert system. EEG raw data are transformed into the time-frequency domain by the so-called adaptive frequency decomposition. The resulting frequency components are converted into pseudo-linguistic facts via fuzzification. Finally, an expert system applies symbolic rules formulated by the neurologist to evaluate the extracted EEG features. The system detects artefacts, describes alpha rhythm by frequency, amplitude, and stability and after artefact rejection detects pathologic slow activity. All results are displayed as linguistic terms, numerical values and maps of temporal exte…

AdultBiometryAdolescentComputer scienceFuzzy setStability (learning theory)Health InformaticsExpert SystemsElectroencephalographycomputer.software_genreFuzzy logicFuzzy LogicmedicineHumansSensitivity (control systems)Diagnosis Computer-AssistedTheta RhythmAgedAged 80 and overSignal processingBrain Diseasesmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryPattern recognitionElectroencephalographyMiddle AgedExpert systemComputer Science ApplicationsAlpha RhythmDelta RhythmHybrid systemArtificial intelligencebusinesscomputerAlgorithmComputers in biology and medicine
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A reanalysis of the center for epidemiological studies depression scale (CES-D) using non-parametric item response theory

2020

Abstract The “Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale” (CES-D; Radloff, 1977 ) is a questionnaire used world-wide to measure depressive symptoms. Although the original four-factor-structure has been widely accepted and replicated, some studies point to other factor-structures like a one- and two-factor-structure. The goal of the current study was to evaluate the factor structure of the CES-D (one-, two- and four-factor-structure), which was found using classical test theory (CTT), with two non-parametric item-response-theory-models (Mokken-Scaling; Monotone-homogeneity-model; MHM and Double-monotonicity-model; DMM). To this end, a representative German sample was analyzed (N = 2…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPsychometricsStability (learning theory)Sample (statistics)Sensitivity and SpecificityStatistics NonparametricClassical test theory03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePercentile rankSurveys and QuestionnairesItem response theoryStatisticsEpidemiologymedicineHumansCenter (algebra and category theory)Biological PsychiatryPsychiatric Status Rating ScalesModels StatisticalDepressionNonparametric statistics030227 psychiatryPsychiatry and Mental healthFemalePsychology030217 neurology & neurosurgeryPsychiatry Research
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