Search results for "Lectin"

Alla ricerca dei fattori rilevanti nell’adozione dei sistemi di gestione della performance nelle amministrazioni pubbliche territoriali. L’analisi di…

2013

La ricerca scientifica ha dimostrato che la gestione della performance nelle amministrazioni pubbliche sta oggi spostando il proprio focus dalla mera attività di raccolta e rendicontazione di dati alla generazione di informazioni atte a supportare la formulazione di decisioni. L’analisi comparativa dei casi di studio analizzati in questo articolo mira ad identificare i fattori critici sottostanti alla progettazione e all’utilizzo dei sistemi di gestione della performance nelle amministrazioni regionali. Da questa analisi emerge che alcune variabili risultano essenziali ai fini di un’efficace adozione dei sistemi di performance management. Tra queste variabili sono annoverabili: il ruolo del…

Migration of Leukocytes into Filters Coated Homogeneously with Immune Complexes, Antigens, Lectins or Tripeptides

1980

Cellulose nitrate filters were incubated in solutions of albumin, a chemotactically active tripeptide (f-Met-Leu-Phe), immune complexes or lectins and afterwards washed with buffer. They showed a dose-dependent increased leukocyte migration, when tested in typical Boyden chambers in comparison to filters treated only with buffer. The tripeptide, the immune complexes and the lectins were stimulatory at very low concentrations and acted inhibitory at high concentrations. Treating filters with formaldehyde or glutardialdehyde had no clear stimulatory effect. These findings extend earlier observations obtained with casein. They show that cells move very effectively on solid substrata in the abs…

Depletion of alloreactive T cells via CD69: implications on antiviral, antileukemic and immunoregulatory T lymphocytes

2005

Selective depletion of alloreactive T cells from stem-cell allografts should abrogate graft-versus-host disease while preserving beneficial T cell specificities to facilitate engraftment and immune reconstitution. We therefore explored a refined immunomagnetic separation strategy to effectively deplete alloreactive donor lymphocytes expressing the activation antigen CD69 upon stimulation, and examined the retainment of antiviral, antileukemic, and immunoregulatory T cells. In addition to the CD69high T cell fraction, our studies retrieved two T cell subsets based on residual CD69 expression. Whereas, truly CD69(neg) cells were devoid of detectable alloresponses to original stimulators, CD69…

NF-ATp plays a prominent role in the transcriptional induction of Th2-type lymphokines

1997

Peritoneal Cavity is a Route for Gut-Derived Microbial Signals to Promote Autoimmunity in Non-Obese Diabetic Mice

2015

Macrophages play a crucial role in innate immune reactions, and peritoneal macrophages (PMs) guard the sterility of this compartment mainly against microbial threat from the gut. Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease in which gut microbiota and gut immune system appear to contribute to disease pathogenesis. We have recently reported elevated free radical production and increased permeability of gut epithelium in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. Impaired barrier function could lead to bacterial leakage to the peritoneal cavity. To explore the consequences of impaired gut barrier function on extra-intestinal immune regulation, we characterized peritoneal lavage cells from young newly w…

Mycobacterial antigen(s) induce anergy by altering TCR- and TCR/CD28-induced signalling events: insights into T-cell unresponsiveness in leprosy.

2009

Present study investigates the role of Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae) antigens on TCR- and TCR/CD28-induced signalling leading to T-cell activation and further correlates these early biochemical events with T-cell anergy, as prevailed in advanced stages of leprosy. We observed that both whole cell lystae (WCL) and soluble fraction of M. leprae sonicate (MLSA) not only inhibited TCR, thapsigargin and ionomycin induced calcium fluxes by diminishing the opening of calcium channels, but also TCR- or TCR/CD28-induced proximal signalling events like phosphorylation of Zap-70 and protein kinase-C (PKC) activity. Study of TCR- and TCR/CD28-induced downstream signals revealed that M. leprae antige…

Overexpression of genes involved in lymphocyte activation and regulation are associated with reduced CRM-derived cardiac remodelling after STEMI

2021

Abstract Aims Lymphopenia after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) correlates with deleterious cardiac consequences and worse prognosis. An in-depth examination of genes implicated in lymphocyte proliferation, activation and regulation and their association with short- and long-term cardiac structure and function is therefore of great interest. Methods Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from 10 control subjects and 64 patients with a first STEMI treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention and submitted to cardiac magnetic resonance after 1 week and 6 months. mRNA expression of genes implicated in lymphocyte activation (CD25 and CD69) and regulation …

Defective T cell receptor/CD3 complex signaling in human type I diabetes

1994

The autoimmune process leading to the destruction of pancreatic β-cells is mediated by T lymphocytes. Peripheral T cells from subjects with preclinical and clinical type I diabetes respond weakly in vitro to lectin stimulation. We, therefore, investigated in a group of newly diagnosed diabetic patients the presence of a defect in the signal transduction pathway of the T cell receptor (TcR)/CD3 complex. Following stimulation with anti-CD3-coupled beads, the proliferative response in diabetic T cells was significantly decreased in comparison with that from normal T cells. Interestingly, addition of either recombinant interleukin (IL)-2 or phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate to the cell culture wa…

Sulphoevernan, a polyanionic polysaccharide, and the narcissus lectin potently inhibit human immunodeficiency virus infection by binding to viral env…

1990

Sulphoevernan is a sulphated alpha-1----3, 1----4 polyglucan (Mr 20,000) with a helical structure. This compound effectively inhibits both human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and type 2 infection of cells in vitro at concentrations around 0.5 micrograms/ml. Moreover, the compound completely inhibits HIV-1-induced syncytium formation at a concentration of 1 microgram/ml. Competition experiments with 35S-labelled sulphoevernan revealed that the mannose-specific lectin from Narcissus pseudonarcissus prevented binding of sulphoevernan to HIV-1, whereas the antibody OKT4A did not reduce the amount of sulphoevernan bound to MT-2 cells. These data indicate that the non-cytotoxic polymer su…

The Windy clustered prize-collecting arc-routing problem

2011

This paper introduces the windy clustered prize-collecting arc-routing problem. It is an arc-routing problem where each demand edge is associated with a profit that is collected once if the edge is serviced, independent of the number of times the edge is traversed. It is further required that if a demand edge is serviced, then all the demand edges of its component are also serviced. A mathematical programming formulation is given and some polyhedral results including several facet-defining and valid inequalities are presented. The separation problem for the different families of inequalities is studied. Numerical results from computational experiments are analyzed. © 2011 INFORMS.