Search results for "Liability"
showing 10 items of 1754 documents
HUMAN SAFETY PERFORMANCE IN HIGH RELIABILITY ORGANIZATIONS: THE CASE OF THE NUCLEAR INDUSTRY
2018
Over the last few decades, the study of safety in high reliability organizations has not paid enough attention to the human role and its contribution to a reliable operation. Therefore, the literature about human safety performance is scarce and disjointed. The present paper integrates the existing knowledge on workers’ safety performance in high risk industries, specifically in the nuclear industry. In order to do this, we provide a literature review in which the concept of “safety performance” is clarified, and at the same time, we present the most recent research studies and models on this concept.
Analysis of the U L3-edge X-ray absorption spectra in UO2 using molecular dynamics simulations
2017
This work was supported by a grant from the Swiss National Supercomputing Centre (CSCS) under the project ID s444. The resource allocation within the PSI share at CSCS and on the PSI compute cluster Merlin4 is also acknowledged. D. B. is grateful for a fellowship within the Sciex-NMS programme. A. K. was supported by Latvian Science Council Grant no. 187/2012.
Producing SI-traceable reference values for Cd, Cr and Pb amount contents in polyethylene samples from the Polymer Elemental Reference Material (PERM…
2000
The present paper describes the certification of the amount content of Cd, Cr and Pb in two different polyethylene materials within the third phase of the Polyethylene Elemental Reference Material (PERM) project. The analytical procedure to establish the reference values for Cd, Cr and Pb amount contents in these materials is based on isotope dilution mass spectrometry used as a primary method of measurement. Cd and Pb were measured with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and Cr with positive thermal ionization-mass spectrometry. The decomposition of the polymer matrix was carried out using a high pressure asher. Reference values for amount content, traceable to the SI-system, hav…
Daily evapotranspiration assessment by means of residual surface energy balance modeling: A critical analysis under a wide range of water availability
2012
Summary An operational use of the actual evapotranspiration assessed by remote sensing approaches requires the integration of instantaneous fluxes to daily values. This is commonly achieved under the hypotheses of daytime self-preservation of evaporative fraction and negligible daily ground heat flux. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of these assumptions on estimate daily evapotranspiration over a full phenological cycle, including phases characterized by significant changes both in net radiation and vegetation cover. To assess the reliability of these hypotheses, the observations made by a flux tower, installed within a homogeneous field of cereal located in the valley part …
Prevention of occupational injuries: moral hazard and complex agency relationships
2004
This paper exploits the results of agency theory with the aim of contributing a new viewpoint and a form for analysis of the current functioning of the occupational injury and disease section of the French Social Security system in its mission of providing incentives for prevention. After outlining the organization and specific features of insurance against occupational risks, an initial level of analysis highlights the presence of moral hazard in relations between insurer and company and between company and employee. A second level of analysis with the appeal to complex agency relationship models, multitask model and third-party model, is necessary to take into account the consequences for…
Insurance league: Italy vs. U.K
2003
Insurers are competing by adopting product innovations that provide the insured with integrated coverage for actuarial and financial risks. This article compares the contract structures of blended life policies between the insurance markets in Italy and the United Kingdom within the context of asset-liability management and welfare analysis. © Emerald Backfiles 2007.
Methods of Ascertainment of Personal Damage in Germany
2016
The chapter illustrates the historical, judicial and juridical framework of personal injury assessment and compensation in Germany, describing the expert’s qualification and competences and detailing the ascertainment methodology and criteria of evaluation utilised for identifying, describing and estimating any personal injury, its temporary and permanent consequences and the causal value/link between the event and the injury and between the injury and the impairment/disability.
Limiting Auditor Liability? - Experimental Evidence on Risk and Ambiguity Attitudes under Real Losses
2009
This paper is motivated by the current debate on limiting auditor liability. In a laboratory experiment, the effect of limited versus unlimited liability on behavior under risk and ambiguity is investigated for risks involving small probabilities. The amount of liability is manipulated in such a way that subjects can pay with their show-up fee under limited liability, but they can suffer out-of-pocket losses under unlimited liability. Findings are that both risk aversion and ambiguity aversion are higher under unlimited liability than under limited liability, and these two constructs are correlated under unlimited liability. These findings provide new empirical evidence for the intuition th…
Limiting Liability? — Risk and Ambiguity Attitudes Under Real Losses
2013
Using a laboratory experiment in which the unlimited liability treatment involves real out-of-pocket losses, we investigate and compare the behavioral effects of auditors’ limited and unlimited liability on behavior under risk and ambiguity. We find that aversion to both risk and ambiguity are higher under unlimited liability than under limited liability, and that these two constructs are correlated under unlimited liability. Our findings explain why some auditors might be hindered in performing their duties properly under unlimited liability. Further, our findings emphasize the importance of appropriately modeling risk and ambiguity attitudes in economic models on liability.
The value of integrative risk management for insurance products with guarantees
2001
Insurance liabilities are converging with capital markets products (e.g. derivatives and securitizations), thereby increasing the demand for integrated asset and liability management strategies. This article compares the value-added by an integrative approach-based on scenario optimization modelling-relative to traditional risk management methods. The authors present some examples of products offered by the insurance industry in Italy, and apply the results of the analysis to the design of competitive insurance policies. © Emerald Backfiles 2007.