Search results for "Life cycle"

Life Cycle Assessment di sistemi per le auto elettriche

2011

Il documento descrive la valutazione delle prestazioni energetico – ambientali di batterie Li- Ione adatte all'alimentazione della propulsione elettrica pura, comprensive del sistema BMS (Battery Management System), realizzata tramite l’applicazione della metodologia dell’Analisi del Ciclo di Vita (Life Cycle Assessment – LCA), in accordo alle norme della serie ISO 14040 ed all’International Reference Life Cycle Data System (ILCD) Handbook. L’attività è iniziata con un’analisi dettagliata dello stato dell’arte internazionale sulla LCA applicata alle batterie al Li-Ione, che ha definito il contesto scientifico di riferimento della valutazione energetico-ambientale condotta. E’ stata poi svil…

Life Cycle Assessment of Flow-Redox Cells: A Case Study

2022

European Union identified the battery value chain as strategic for achieving a sustainable and decarbonized economy. Focusing on the environmental sustainability of batteries, this paper presents an application of the Life Cycle Assessment methodology to three flow-redox cells characterized by electrodes made by different materials. The results are referred to one kWh of energy supplied by the cell during its useful life and are calculated following a “from cradle to grave” approach. Negligible differences (lower than 1.5%) are observed in the energy and environmental impacts of the three types of cells, mainly due to the type of electrode and the use phase. A dominance analysis shows that …

Comparative LCA of renovation of buildings towards the nearly Zero Energy Building

2018

The building sector is one of the key sectors to achieve the 20/20/20 targets of the EU as there is the potential to lead to significant energy savings reducing the EU’s total energy consumption by 5-6% and lowering CO2 emissions by 5%. One powerful mechanism to apply principle and criteria of nearly zero-energy buildings (nZEB). This work, done in the framework of the agreement between the Italian Ministry of Economic development and ENEA on the “Research of electric system” (Ricerca di Sistema Elettrico), has the aim to evaluate the environmental impacts of the technological improvements needed for enhancing the performances of an average building to a nZEB (or at least in the direction o…

Life Cycle Assessment of organic apple supply chain in the North of Italy.

2015

The goal of the study is the assessment of the energy and environmental impacts of 1 ton of organic apples cultivated in the North of Italy, by applying the Life Cycle Assessment methodology. The authors examined the supply chain of apples, by including the supply of raw materials and energy sources, and the farming step. In addition, an assessment of apple distribution to the final users was made. The results show that a relevant share of the total impacts is caused by the transport to the final users, assuming that the product is distributed on local, national and international markets. A detailed analysis of the farming step shows that a significant share in the overall energy and enviro…

Abitare sostenibile

2011

Life cycle energy and CO2 emissions analysis of food packaging: an insight into the methodology from an Italian perspective

2016

Packaging is strictly connected to environmental issues as it is a product characterised by high material consumption rate; it is often transported over long distances and has a short life. Providing environmental analysis is, therefore, urgent to identify energy and resources efficient solutions. The paper, taking advantage of a real case study, presents a life cycle-based comparative analysis among three different food packaging systems. The paper compares the life cycle of tin steel, polypropylene and glass-based packaging of an Italian preserves producer. The analysis leads to the conclusion that, for the baseline scenario, polypropylene packaging represents the greenest solution, where…

Presentazione del progetto, analisi dei risultati e valutazione dei fattori critici di successo.

2010

Population structure in Atlantic cod in the eastern North Sea-Skagerrak-Kattegat: early life stage dispersal and adult migration.

2015

Background In marine fish species, where pelagic egg and larvae drift with ocean currents, population structure has been suggested to be maintained by larval retention due to hydrographic structuring and by homing of adult fish to natal areas. Whilst natal homing of adults has been demonstrated for anadromous and coral reef fishes, there are few documented examples of philopatric migration in temperate marine fish species. Results Here, we demonstrate temporally stable genetic differentiation among spawning populations of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.), and present genetic and behavioural evidence for larval drift and philopatric migration in the eastern North Sea-Skagerrak-Kattegat area. W…

Asexual multiplication of larval parasitic worms: a predictor of adult life-history traits in Taeniidae?

2001

The hypothesis that asexual multiplication inside the intermediate host and adult life-history traits within the final host are independent is tested among Cestoda. Using phylogenetic relationships among the Cestoda species, we can show that asexual multiplication appears to have been lost and recovered several times throughout Taeniidae evolution; this allows a comparison of the adult life-history traits of species with and without asexual multiplication at the larval stage. The adult trait considered is the size of the parasite, since numerous life-history traits, such as fecundity and longevity, are correlated with size. If adult traits are independent of whether the larval stage reprodu…

Feces production as a form of social immunity in an insect with facultative maternal care

2015

Background Social animals have the unique capability of mounting social defenses against pathogens. Over the last decades, social immunity has been extensively studied in species with obligatory and permanent forms of social life. However, its occurrence in less derived social systems and thus its role in the early evolution of group-living remains unclear. Here, we investigated whether lining nests with feces is a form of social immunity against microbial growth in the European earwig Forficula auricularia, an insect with temporary family life and facultative maternal care. Results Using a total of 415 inhibition zone assays, we showed that earwig feces inhibit the growth of two GRAM+ bact…