Search results for "Ligo"
showing 10 items of 1427 documents
Analysis of the Molecular Dialogue Between Gray Mold (Botrytis cinerea) and Grapevine (Vitis vinifera) Reveals a Clear Shift in Defense Mechanisms Du…
2015
Mature grapevine berries at the harvesting stage (MB) are very susceptible to the gray mold fungus Botrytis cinerea, while veraison berries (VB) are not. We conducted simultaneous microscopic and transcriptomic analyses of the pathogen and the host to investigate the infection process developed by B. cinerea on MB versus VB, and the plant defense mechanisms deployed to stop the fungus spreading. On the pathogen side, our genome-wide transcriptomic data revealed that B. cinerea genes upregulated during infection of MB are enriched in functional categories related to necrotrophy, such as degradation of the plant cell wall, proteolysis, membrane transport, reactive oxygen species (ROS) genera…
Image Analysis of Proliferating Cells in Tumors of the Human Nervous System
1994
Obtaining growth fractions from immunohistological preparations by the commonly used cell count calculation method is time consuming. For the first time, we investigated and compared the detection of proliferating cells in immunohistologically labeled tissue from tumors of the nervous system using the monoclonal antibody Ki-67 by a new computerized image analysis system and by cell count calculation. The two methods showed a high correlation (correlation index, 0.98) in 37 gliomas (2 pilocytic astrocytomas, 10 Grade II astrocytomas, 5 Grade III astrocytomas, 20 Grade IV astrocytomas and glioblastoma multiforme) and a heterogenous group of 10 additional tumors of the nervous system, includin…
Pollen-stigma adhesion in Brassica spp involves SLG and SLR1 glycoproteins.
1999
The adhesion of pollen grains to the stigma is the first step of pollination in flowering plants. During this step, stigmas discriminate between pollen grains that can and cannot be permitted to effect fertilization. This selection is operated by various constituents of the cell walls of both partners. Several genes structurally related to the self-incompatibility system that prevents self-pollination in Brassica spp are known to target their products into the stigma cell wall. We proposed previously that one of these genes, the one encoding the S locus glycoprotein (SLG)-like receptor 1 (SLR1), which is coexpressed with that encoding SLG, may participate in pollen-stigma adhesion. Here, we…
Methylation products of chlorophenols, catechols and hydroquinones in soil and earthworms of sawmill environments
1991
Abstract Soil samples and earthworms collected from one noncleaned and two cleaned sawmill environments were analysed for their content of chlorinated anisoles (methoxybenzenes), veratroles (1,2-dimethoxybenzenes) and 1,4-dimethoxybenzenes. 2,3,4,6-tetrachloroanisole and pentachloroanisole were observed in all soil samples studied, in maximum combined amount about 1.5 μg/g dry soil. Small amounts (ca. 1–110 ng/g dry mass) of 3,4,5-trichloroveratrole, tetrachloroveratrole and tetrachloro-1,4-dimethoxybenzene were found in the most polluted soil samples. Only 2,3,4,6-tetrachloroanisole and pentachloroanisole were found in earthworms, where concentrations of each were ca. 0.1–20 μg/g fat. In g…
Influence of the xyloadenosine analogue of 2?,5?-oligoriboadenylate on poly(A)-specific, 2?,5?-oligoriboadenylate degrading 2?,3?-exoribonuclease and…
1984
The homogeneous poly(A)-specific 2′,3′-exoribonuclease from calf thymus gland, which cleaves both 3′,5′-and 2′,5′-linked oligoriboadenylates, does not degrade (xyloA2'p)2 xyloA, the xylofuranosyladenosine analogue of the 2-5A core. This oligonucleotide, which is supposed to enter intact cells rapidly, was found to possess an increased stability and an enhanced antiherpesvirus activity compared to the natural (A2'p)2A (Eppstein, D. A., Barnett, J. W., Marsh, Y. V., Gosselin, G. and Imbach, J.-L. (1983) Nature 302, 723–724). The poly(A) anabolic enzyme, poly(A) polymerase (Mn2+-dependent), from the same source, which is initiated by (A3'p)2A and its higher oligomers, does not accept 2–5A core…
Cationic polyaspartamide-based nanocomplexes mediate siRNA entry and down-regulation of the pro-inflammatory mediator high mobility group box 1 in ai…
2015
Abstract High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a nonhistone protein secreted by airway epithelial cells in hyperinflammatory diseases such as asthma. In order to down-regulate HMGB1 expression in airway epithelial cells, siRNA directed against HMGB1 was delivered through nanocomplexes based on a cationic copolymer of poly(N-2-hydroxyethyl)- d,l -aspartamide (PHEA) by using H441 cells. Two copolymers were used in these experiments bearing respectively spermine side chains (PHEA-Spm) and both spermine and PEG2000 chains (PHEA-PEG-Spm). PHEA-Spm and PHEA-PEG-Spm derivatives complexed dsDNA oligonucleotides with a w/w ratio of 1 and higher as shown by a gel retardation assay. PHEA-Spm and PHEA-P…
Oligodendrocytes in mouse corpus callosum are coupled via gap junction channels formed by connexin47 and connexin32.
2010
According to previously published ultrastructural studies, oligodendrocytes in white matter exhibit gap junctions with astrocytes, but not among each other, while in vitro oligodendrocytes form functional gap junctions. We have studied functional coupling among oligodendrocytes in acute slices of postnatal mouse corpus callosum. By whole-cell patch clamp we dialyzed oligodendrocytes with biocytin, a gap junction-permeable tracer. On average 61 cells were positive for biocytin detected by labeling with streptavidin-Cy3. About 77% of the coupled cells stained positively for the oligodendrocyte marker protein CNPase, 9% for the astrocyte marker GFAP and 14% were negative for both CNPase and GF…
Differentiation-regulated loss of the polysialylated embryonic form and expression of the different polypeptides of the neural cell adhesion molecule…
1989
The expression of the neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM) on cultured murine oligodendrocytes, their precursors, and myelin was examined by indirect immunofluorescence, biosynthetic radiolabeling followed by immunoprecipitation and Western blot analysis, using antibodies specific for various forms of the molecule. In all culture systems studied, whether the oligodendrocytes were cultured as an enriched fraction containing precursor cells or in the presence of astrocytes and neurons, a similar differentiation-stage-related expression of N-CAM was seen. At early developmental stages many tetanus toxin receptor- and A2B5 antigen-positive putative oligodendrocyte precursors with bipolar morph…
Multi-Alkenylsilsesquioxanes as Comonomers and Active Species Modifiers of Metallocene Catalyst in Copolymerization with Ethylene.
2018
The copolymers of ethylene (E) with open-caged iso-butyl-substituted tri-alkenyl-silsesquioxanes (POSS-6-3 and POSS-10-3) and phenyl-substituted tetra-alkenyl-silsesquioxane (POSS-10-4) were synthesized by copolymerization over the ansa-metallocene catalyst. The influence of the kind of silsesquioxane and of the copolymerization conditions on the reaction performance and on the properties of the copolymers was studied. In the case of copolymerization of E/POSS-6-3, the positive comonomer effect was observed, which was associated with the influence of POSS-6-3 on transformation of the bimetallic ion pair to the active catalytic species. Functionality of silsesquioxanes and polymerization par…
Modular Construction of Neutral and Anionic Carboranyl-Containing Carbosilane-Based Dendrimers
2007
A modular construction of new carbosilane dendrimers, which contain four and eight peripheral carborane derivatives and propyl linkages between the C cluster and the Si atoms, has been developed using different methodologies. Regiospecific hydrosilylation of 1-C 6 H 5 -2-(CH 2 CH=CH 2 )-1,2-closo-C 2 B 10 H 10 (1) and 1-CH 3 -2-(CH 2 CH=CH 2 )-1,2-closo-C 2 B 10 H 10 (2) offers an efficient route to molecular precursors and building blocks that can provide both divergent and convergent strategies for dendritic growth. First generations of neutral carboranyl-containing dendrimers were constructed by two approaches: (a) a divergent approach via hydrosilylation of 1 and 2 with the first genera…