Search results for "Linear"

showing 10 items of 7165 documents

Total and linearly polarized synchrotron emission from overpressured magnetized relativistic jets

2018

We present relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (RMHD) simulations of stationary overpressured magnetized relativistic jets, which are characterized by their dominant type of energy: internal, kinetic, or magnetic. Each model is threaded by a helical magnetic field with a pitch angle of 45° and features a series of recollimation shocks produced by the initial pressure mismatch, whose strength and number varies as a function of the dominant type of energy. We perform a study of the polarization signatures from these models by integrating the radiative transfer equations for synchrotron radiation using as inputs the RMHD solutions. These simulations show a top-down emission asymmetry produced by …

Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD)active [Galaxies]Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesgalaxies [Radio continuum]01 natural sciencesRadio continuum: galaxiesNuclear physicsAstrophysical jet0103 physical sciences010306 general physics010303 astronomy & astrophysicsPhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)polarizationnumerical [Methods]Methods: numericalLinear polarizationAstronomy and AstrophysicsGalaxies: activePolarization (waves)Synchrotron emissionGalaxies: jetsSpace and Planetary Sciencejets [Galaxies]Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
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Suppression of nonlinear Zeeman effect and heading error in earth-field-range alkali-vapor magnetometers

2018

The nonlinear Zeeman effect can induce splitting and asymmetries of magnetic-resonance lines in the geophysical magnetic field range. This is a major source of "heading error" for scalar atomic magnetometers. We demonstrate a method to suppress the nonlinear Zeeman effect and heading error based on spin locking. In an all-optical synchronously pumped magnetometer with separate pump and probe beams, we apply a radio-frequency field which is in-phase with the precessing magnetization. In an earth-range field, a multi-component asymmetric magnetic-resonance line with ? 60 Hz width collapses into a single peak with a width of 22 Hz, whose position is largely independent of the orientation of th…

MagnetometerAtomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)General Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technology01 natural scienceslaw.inventionPhysics - Atomic Physicssymbols.namesakeMagnetizationOpticslaw0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsPhysicsZeeman effectbusiness.industryLimiting021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAlkali metalComputational physicsNonlinear systemAmplitudesymbols0210 nano-technologybusiness
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Hyperspectral detection of citrus damage with Mahalanobis kernel classifier

2007

Presented is a full computer vision system for the identification of post-harvest damage in citrus packing houses. The method is based on the combined use of hyperspectral images and the Mahalanobis kernel classifier. More accurate and reliable results compared to other methods are obtained in several scenarios and acquired images.

Mahalanobis distanceContextual image classificationbusiness.industryComputer scienceHyperspectral imagingPattern recognitionObject detectionSupport vector machineKernel (linear algebra)Kernel methodKernel (image processing)Computer visionArtificial intelligenceElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessClassifier (UML)
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Use of QSAR methods for predicting the chemiluminescent behaviour of organic compounds upon reaction with potassium permanganate in an acid medium

2009

In previous work, molecular connectivity computations were successfully used to predict the chemiluminescent behaviour of organic compounds upon reaction with common strong oxidants and the native fluorescence too; both of them in a liquid phase. The obtained results were used to develop new analytical procedures to the given compounds. For the first time, connectivity methods were used for a purely analytical purpose. In this work, we went deeper into the knowledge of direct chemiluminescence processes by using molecular connectivity in the form of QSAR methods to predict the chemiluminescence intensity produced by reactions between organic compounds (pharmaceuticals mainly) and potassium …

Mahalanobis distanceQuantitative structure–activity relationshipWork (thermodynamics)LuminescenceAnalytical chemistryFluorescence spectrometryQuantitative Structure-Activity RelationshipReproducibility of ResultsHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationLinear discriminant analysisAnalytical Chemistrylaw.inventionPotassium permanganatechemistry.chemical_compoundPharmaceutical PreparationsPotassium PermanganatechemistrylawComputational chemistryAnalytical proceduresOrganic ChemicalsOxidation-ReductionChemiluminescenceTalanta
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Comparative performances of machine learning methods for classifying Crohn Disease patients using genome-wide genotyping data

2019

Crohn Disease (CD) is a complex genetic disorder for which more than 140 genes have been identified using genome wide association studies (GWAS). However, the genetic architecture of the trait remains largely unknown. The recent development of machine learning (ML) approaches incited us to apply them to classify healthy and diseased people according to their genomic information. The Immunochip dataset containing 18,227 CD patients and 34,050 healthy controls enrolled and genotyped by the international Inflammatory Bowel Disease genetic consortium (IIBDGC) has been re-analyzed using a set of ML methods: penalized logistic regression (LR), gradient boosted trees (GBT) and artificial neural ne…

Male/692/4020/1503/257/1402GenotypeGenotyping TechniquesLOCI/45/43lcsh:MedicinePolymorphism Single NucleotideCrohn's disease genetics genome wide associationArticleDeep LearningCrohn DiseaseINDEL MutationGenetics researchHumansgeneticsGenetic Predisposition to Disease/129lcsh:ScienceAllelesScience & Technologygenome wide associationRISK PREDICTION/45Models Geneticlcsh:RDecision Trees/692/308/2056ASSOCIATIONMultidisciplinary SciencesCrohn's diseaseLogistic ModelsNonlinear DynamicsROC CurveArea Under CurveScience & Technology - Other Topicslcsh:QFemaleNeural Networks ComputerINFLAMMATORY-BOWEL-DISEASEGenome-Wide Association StudyScientific Reports
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Associations of physical activity intensities, impact intensities and osteogenic index with proximal femur bone traits among sedentary older adults

2021

Background Dynamic high-intensity physical activity is thought to be beneficial for older adults’ bone health. Traditional volume-based processing of accelerometer-measured physical activity data, quantified on a minute-per-minute basis, may average out sporadic high impact activity, whereas accelerometer data processing approaches based on identifying impacts can capture also these potentially beneficial short activity bursts. We investigated the associations between habitual physical activity and proximal femur bone traits among sedentary older adults utilizing three different numerical treatments of accelerometer-data to examine, if impact-based processing approaches are more suitable to…

Male0301 basic medicineHistologyPhysiologyEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismPopulationPhysical activityphysical activityluuntiheysPhysiology030209 endocrinology & metabolismBone remodelingistuminen03 medical and health sciencessedentaryAbsorptiometry Photon0302 clinical medicineBone DensityLinear regressionmineraalitHumansMedicineFemureducationkiihtyvyysExerciseolder adultsAgedFemoral neckBone mineralluustoeducation.field_of_studyFemur Neckbusiness.industrySection modulusIntensity (physics)accelerometerCross-Sectional Studies030104 developmental biologymedicine.anatomical_structureFemalebone mineral densitybusinessbone mineral contentfyysinen aktiivisuusikääntyneetBone
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Removing Batch Effects from Longitudinal Gene Expression - Quantile Normalization Plus ComBat as Best Approach for Microarray Transcriptome Data

2016

International audience; Technical variation plays an important role in microarray-based gene expression studies, and batch effects explain a large proportion of this noise. It is therefore mandatory to eliminate technical variation while maintaining biological variability. Several strategies have been proposed for the removal of batch effects, although they have not been evaluated in large-scale longitudinal gene expression data. In this study, we aimed at identifying a suitable method for batch effect removal in a large study of microarray-based longitudinal gene expression. Monocytic gene expression was measured in 1092 participants of the Gutenberg Health Study at baseline and 5-year fol…

Male0301 basic medicineMolecular biologyMicroarrayslcsh:MedicineGene ExpressionPolynomialsMonocytesMathematical and Statistical Techniques0302 clinical medicineLongitudinal StudiesProspective Studieslcsh:ScienceOligonucleotide Array Sequence AnalysisGeneticsPrincipal Component Analysis[SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathologyMultidisciplinaryGenomicsReplicateMiddle AgedRegressionRNA isolationBioassays and Physiological Analysis030220 oncology & carcinogenesisPhysical SciencesPrincipal component analysisFemaleRNA hybridizationDNA microarrayTranscriptome AnalysisStatistics (Mathematics)Research ArticleAdultComputational biologyBiologyBiomolecular isolationGeneralized linear mixed model03 medical and health sciencesDeming regressionExtraction techniquesGeneticsHumansStatistical MethodsAgedQuantile normalizationMolecular probe techniquesGene Expression Profilinglcsh:RBiology and Life SciencesComputational BiologyGenome AnalysisProbe hybridizationRNA extractionResearch and analysis methodsGene expression profilingMolecular biology techniquesAlgebra030104 developmental biologyNonlinear DynamicsMultivariate Analysislcsh:QMathematics[SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
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Association of Common Polymorphisms in the Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Alpha4 Subunit Gene with an Electrophysiological Endophenotype in a Large…

2016

PLoS one 11(4), e0152984 (2016). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0152984

Male0301 basic medicineNicotinic Acetylcholine ReceptorsPhysiologyEvent-Related Potentialslcsh:MedicineReceptors NicotinicElectroencephalography600 Technik Medizin angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und GesundheitBiochemistryExonCognitionMathematical and Statistical Techniques0302 clinical medicineMedizinische FakultätGermanyMedicine and Health Scienceslcsh:ScienceCerebral CortexClinical NeurophysiologyGeneticsBrain MappingN100education.field_of_studyMultidisciplinarymedicine.diagnostic_testSmokingBrainElectroencephalographyTobacco Use DisorderTemporal LobeFrontal LobeElectrophysiologyNicotinic acetylcholine receptorBioassays and Physiological AnalysisBrain ElectrophysiologyPhysical SciencesRegression AnalysisFemaleAnatomyFunction and Dysfunction of the Nervous SystemStatistics (Mathematics)Research ArticleSignal TransductionAdultTransmembrane ReceptorsImaging TechniquesEndophenotypesCognitive NeurosciencePopulation610NeurophysiologyNeuroimagingSingle-nucleotide polymorphism-Linear Regression AnalysisBiologyResearch and Analysis MethodsPolymorphism Single Nucleotide03 medical and health sciencesDiagnostic MedicineEvent-related potentialReaction TimemedicineHumansddc:610Statistical MethodseducationElectrophysiological Techniqueslcsh:RBiology and Life SciencesProteinsCell BiologyElectrophysiological Phenomena030104 developmental biologyAcetylcholine ReceptorsEndophenotypeCognitive Sciencelcsh:QMathematics030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNeuroscience
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Clinical efficacy of nab-paclitaxel in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer

2018

Rossella De Luca,1 Livio Blasi,2 Massimiliano Alù,2 Valerio Gristina,1 Giuseppe Cicero1 1Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Section of Medical Oncology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy; 2Medical Oncology Unit, ARNAS Hospital Civico, Di Cristina, Benfratelli, Palermo, Italy Purpose: Pancreatic carcinoma is the neoplasia with the major mortality, and main standard treatments in this cancer increase survival but do not lead to complete recovery of the patient. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Abraxane® (nab-paclitaxel) in Italian patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer (MPC).Patients and methods: We conducted a retrospective …

Male0301 basic medicineOncologyTime Factorsmedicine.medical_treatmentPharmaceutical ScienceKaplan-Meier EstimatechemotherapyMetastasis0302 clinical medicineRisk FactorsDrug DiscoveryClinical endpointOriginal ResearchMiddle AgedTreatment OutcomeItalyTolerabilityCA 19-9030220 oncology & carcinogenesisFemaleCA19-9medicine.drugmedicine.medical_specialtyCA-19-9 AntigenPaclitaxeloverall survivalPainAntineoplastic AgentsAdenocarcinomaDisease-Free SurvivalAbraxane03 medical and health sciencesAlbuminsInternal medicinemedicineHumansmetastasisAbraxane chemotherapy pancreatic carcinoma metastasis CA 19-9 pain overall survivalSurvival rateAgedRetrospective StudiesPharmacologyChemotherapyDrug Design Development and Therapypancreatic carcinomabusiness.industryCancermedicine.diseaseGemcitabinePancreatic Neoplasms030104 developmental biologyLinear ModelsAlbumin-Bound PaclitaxelbusinessDrug Design, Development and Therapy
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Plasma Metabolites Associated with Frequent Red Wine Consumption: A Metabolomics Approach within the PREDIMED Study

2019

SCOPE: The relationship between red wine (RW) consumption and metabolism is poorly understood. We aimed to assess the systemic metabolomic profiles in relation to frequent RW consumption as well as the ability of a set of metabolites to discriminate RW consumers. METHODS AND RESULTS: Cross-sectional analysis of 1,157 participants. Subjects were divided as non-RW consumers versus RW consumers (> 1 glass/day RW (100 mL/day)). Plasma metabolomics analysis was performed using LC-MS. Associations between 386 identified metabolites and RW consumption were assessed using elastic net regression analysis taking into consideration baseline significant covariates. Ten-cross-validation (CV) was perform…

Male0301 basic medicinePopulationWineBiologySensitivity and SpecificityArticleEating03 medical and health sciencesMetabolomicsLinear regressionHumansMetabolomicsFood scienceeducationAgedWineeducation.field_of_study030109 nutrition & dieteticsReceiver operating characteristicSmokingArea under the curveRegression analysisMiddle AgedPredimedDietBloodCross-Sectional Studies030104 developmental biologyArea Under CurveFemaleFood ScienceBiotechnologyMolecular Nutrition & Food Research
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