Search results for "Linear"

showing 10 items of 7165 documents

The physiological basis for the computation of direction selectivity in theDrosophilaOFF pathway

2021

AbstractInDrosophila, direction-selective neurons implement a mechanism of motion computation similar to cortical neurons, using contrast-opponent receptive fields with ON and OFF subunits. It is not clear how the presynaptic circuitry of direction-selective neurons in the OFF pathway supports this computation, because all major inputs are OFF-rectified neurons. Here, we reveal the biological substrate for motion computation in the OFF pathway. Three interneurons, Tm2, Tm9 and CT1, also provide information about ON stimuli to the OFF direction-selective neuron T5 across its receptive field, supporting a contrast-opponent receptive field organization. Consistent with its prominent role in mo…

Physicsmedicine.anatomical_structureBasis (linear algebra)Off pathwayReceptive fieldComputationmedicineMotion detectionCortical neuronsNeuronNeuroscienceMotion computation
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Application of optical tomography for measurements of aeration parameters in large water tanks

2003

The paper presents a design and application study of a prototype optical tomograph for the detection and definition of shapes of gas bubbles moving in a liquid. In the applied method of measurements, the column is exposed to a homogeneous light beam and next the ray is detected with the use of optical waveguided detectors. Spatial reconstruction of the bubble shapes is done on the basis of the signals coming from two perpendicular systems of detectors. The bubble shape is approximated by an ellipsoid with suitably determined semi-axes and with the use of genetic algorithms based on the neuron network. Influence of the structure and dynamics of the measuring path on errors in representation …

Physicsmedicine.diagnostic_testBasis (linear algebra)business.industryApplied MathematicsBubbleDetectorEllipsoidOpticsmedicinePerpendicularLight beamTomographyOptical tomographybusinessInstrumentationEngineering (miscellaneous)Measurement Science and Technology
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A multi-reading method for dosimetric TL measurements with CaSO4:Dy phosphors

1979

Abstract A technique of dosimetric TL measurement for CaSO 4 :Dy phosphors is proposed. It is based on the results obtained in previous works, in which an approximately multi-Gaussian energetic distribution of the traps associated with the dosimetric peak and a different supralinear behaviour of the Gaussians were found. A single dosimeter is read a number of times by successive heating cycles which, starting always from room temperature, reach higher and higher final temperatures; in this manner it is possible to obtain consistent information on the dose several times. The drawback of the usual TL measurements, that is the total emptying of the dosimeter during one measurement, is then avo…

Physicsmedicine.medical_specialtyDosimeterReading (computer)medicineRange (statistics)LinearityMedical physicsPhosphorGeneral MedicineComputational physicsNuclear Instruments and Methods
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SU-E-T-237: Monte Carlo Dosimetric Characterization of the Mobetron Mobile Linac

2014

Purpose: The aim of this work is to characterize dosimetrically a clinical intraoperative electron beam accelerator, Mobetron (IntraOp Medical, Inc.) in clinical use in our Hospital. Once this first step is completed our purpose is to evaluate shielding requirements for such a device by preparing adequate phase space files. Methods: It is known that electron beam simulation parameters required for state-of-the-art Monte Carlo codes to obtain a good match with measured data, like the mean energy or the FWHM, may not be code-independent due to the different set of process simulated and formalisms involved. Then, to cross-check our results against any issue in the simulation we have compared e…

Physicsmedicine.medical_specialtyPhysics::Medical PhysicsMonte Carlo methodExperimental dataGeneral MedicineLinear particle acceleratorComputational physicsPhase spaceElectromagnetic shieldingmedicineCathode rayRange (statistics)Medical physicsEnergy (signal processing)Medical Physics
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Measurements of Thermal and Resonance Neutron Fluence and Induced Radioactivity Inside Bunkers of Medical Linear Accelerators in the Center of Oncolo…

2016

Emission of high-energy X-ray and electron therapeutic beams from medical linear accelerators is related to undesirable neutron production and to induction of radioactivity. In this work, measurements of thermal and resonance neutron fluence and induced radioactivity were performed inside two bunkers with medical linacs — Elekta in the Center of Oncology in Opole (Poland). The bunkers differ with a construction of their walls. The neutron measurements were performed by means of the induced activity method during emission of the 18 MV X-ray beam. The investigation of radioactivity induced by neutrons was based on the method of off-line gammaray spectroscopy measurements. This work has shown …

Physicsmedicine.medical_specialtyResonance neutronakceleratory medycznespektroskopiaGeneral Physics and AstronomyInduced radioactivityradioterapiaFluenceLinear particle accelerator030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingBunkerNuclear physicsfizyka medyczna03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicine030220 oncology & carcinogenesisThermalmedicineMedical physicsCenter (algebra and category theory)Acta Physica Polonica B
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Instabilities of four-wave mixing

2005

We predict that four-wave mixing driven by a dual frequency input undergoes different instability scenarios encompassing modulational instability or multiple shock formation in the anomalous and normal dispersion regime, respectively.

Physicsmultiple shockmodulational instabilityNonlinear opticsMechanicsPhysical opticsFour-wave mixing; modulational instability; multiple shockInstabilityShock (mechanics)Four-wave mixingModulational instabilityQuantum mechanicsFour-wave mixingDispersion (water waves)Mixing (physics)
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The bistable potential: An archetype for classical and quantum systems

2012

In this work we analyze the transient dynamics of three different classical and quantum systems. First, we consider a classical Brownian particle moving in an asymmetric bistable potential, subject to a multiplicative and additive noise source. We investigate the role of these two noise sources on the life time of the metastable state. A nonmonotonic behavior of the lifetime as a function of both additive and multiplicative noise intensities is found, revealing the phenomenon of noise enhanced stability. Afterward, by using a LotkaVolterra model, the dynamics of two competing species in the presence of Lévy noise sources is analyzed. Quasiperiodic oscillations and stochastic resonance pheno…

Physicsmultiplicative noiseSettore FIS/02 - Fisica Teorica Modelli E Metodi MatematiciBistabilityThermal reservoirMetastability and bistabilityStochastic resonanceTime evolutionStatistical and Nonlinear Physicsopen quantum systemsCondensed Matter PhysicsNoise (electronics)Multiplicative noisepopulation dynamicnoise enhanced stabilityQuantum mechanicsQuasiperiodic functionStatistical physicsstochastic resonanceQuantumMetastability and bistability; multiplicative noise; noise enhanced stability; stochastic resonance; population dynamics; open quantum systems
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Analyse statistique de la phase des solitons optiques

2005

On analyse numeriquement la statistique de la phase des solitons optiques et on arrive a determiner la fonction de densite de probabilite. Nos resultats sont en accord avec les theories existantes, qui sont basees sur les proprietes des solitons.

Physicsoptical fibersnonlinear opticsoptical fibers; nonlinear optics; optical solitons; Kerr effectGeneral Physics and AstronomyNonlinear optics01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasPulse propagationoptical solitonsKerr effectQuantum electrodynamics0103 physical sciences010306 general physics
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Spatial Beam Evolution in Nonlinear Multimode Fibers

2021

We discuss some recent results illustrating the role of input wave-front shaping, propagation dynamics and output beam diagnostics in order to observe spatial beam cleaning in nonlinear multimode fibers and amplifiers.

Physicsoptical fibers; nonlinear optics; optical solitons; Kerr effect; four wave mixingoptical fibersMulti-mode optical fiberbusiness.industryAmplifiernonlinear optics02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesmultimode fibers010309 opticsNonlinear systemfour wave mixingOpticsOptical fiber amplifiersoptical solitonsKerr effectFiber laser0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Accelerator Physics0210 nano-technologybusinessLaser beamsBeam (structure)Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics
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Use of site symmetry in supercell models of defective crystals: Polarons in CeO2

2017

The authors thank R. Merkle and G. W. Watson for stimulating discussions. E. K. also acknowledges partial financial support from the Russian Science Foundation for the study of charged defects under the project 14-43-00052. A. C. also acknowledges financial support from the University of Latvia Foundation (Arnis Riekstins's "MikroTik" donation). E. K. and D. G. express their gratitude to the High Performance Computer Centre in Stuttgart (HLRS, project DEFTD 12939) for the provided computer facilities whereas R. A. E. thanks the St. Petersburg State University Computer Center for assistance in high-performance calculations.

PhysicspolaronCondensed matter physicssite symmetryGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technologyoxygen vacancy021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPolaron01 natural sciencesCrystallographic defectSymmetry (physics)Condensed Matter::Materials SciencePerfect crystalLinear combination of atomic orbitalsPosition (vector)Vacancy defect0103 physical sciences:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]Wyckoff positionsPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyfirst principles calculationsCeO2
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