Search results for "Linear"

showing 10 items of 7165 documents

Assessment of Granger causality by nonlinear model identification: application to short-term cardiovascular variability.

2007

A method for assessing Granger causal relationships in bivariate time series, based on nonlinear autoregressive (NAR) and nonlinear autoregressive exogenous (NARX) models is presented. The method evaluates bilateral interactions between two time series by quantifying the predictability improvement (PI) of the output time series when the dynamics associated with the input time series are included, i.e., moving from NAR to NARX prediction. The NARX model identification was performed by the optimal parameter search (OPS) algorithm, and its results were compared to the least-squares method to determine the most appropriate method to be used for experimental data. The statistical significance of…

Biomedical EngineeringBlood PressureBivariate analysisDirectionalitySensitivity and SpecificitySurrogate dataFeedbackNonlinear parametric modelGranger causalityControl theoryHeart RateOptimal parameter searchStatisticsAnimalsHumansComputer SimulationPredictabilityHeart rate variabilityMathematicsNonlinear autoregressive exogenous modelCardiovascular regulationSystem identificationModels CardiovascularNonlinear systemAutoregressive modelNonlinear DynamicsAutoregressive exogenous modelSettore ING-INF/06 - Bioingegneria Elettronica E InformaticaRegression AnalysisSurrogate dataArterial pressure variabilityAlgorithmsAnnals of biomedical engineering
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Mutual nonlinear prediction of cardiovascular variability series: Comparison between exogenous and autoregressive exogenous models

2007

A model-based approach to perform mutual nonlinear prediction of short cardiovascular variability series is presented. The approach is based on identifying exogenous (X) and autoregressive exogenous (ARX) models by K-nearest neighbors local linear approximation, and estimates the predictability of a series given the other as the squared correlation between original and predicted values of the series. The method was first tested on simulations reproducing different types of interaction between non-identical Henon maps, and then applied to heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) variability series measured in healthy subjects at rest and after head-up tilt. Simulations showed that different c…

Biomedical EngineeringBlood PressureSensitivity and SpecificityCorrelationPosition (vector)Control theoryHeart RateTilt-Table TestApplied mathematicsHumansComputer SimulationDiagnosis Computer-AssistedPredictabilityMathematicsSeries (mathematics)Models CardiovascularReproducibility of ResultsHeartCoupling (probability)Tilt (optics)Autoregressive modelNonlinear DynamicsSettore ING-INF/06 - Bioingegneria Elettronica E InformaticaRegression AnalysisLinear approximationAlgorithms
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Effect of temperature and organic nutrients on the biodegradation of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) during the composting of anaerobically diges…

2004

Limits on the application of biosolids (anaerobically processed sludges from wastewater treatment plants) as fertilizers for the amendment of soil are becoming greater because of the accumulation of recalcitrant substances, making necessary the use of techniques that bring the concentration of xenobiotics to lower concentrations than those permitted. In general, the biosolids composting process is sufficient to reduce the usual concentration of linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (LAS) to low levels. In this work, an assessment is made on the effect of temperature in the capacity of enriched bacterial populations to biodegrade LAS, together with the influence that the available nutrients may hav…

BiosolidsSewageChemistryLinear alkylbenzeneAmendmentTemperatureBiodegradationWaste Disposal FluidAnaerobic digestionchemistry.chemical_compoundBacteria AnaerobicKineticsSurface-Active AgentsNutrientBiodegradation EnvironmentalAlkanesulfonic AcidsEnvironmental chemistrySewage treatmentAnaerobiosisWaste Management and DisposalSludgeWater Pollutants ChemicalWaste management (New York, N.Y.)
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Experimental and theoretical study of the nonlinear birefringence in the formation process of vector solitons in a total polarization control ring ca…

2022

Abstract In this work, we present the numerical and experimental investigation of the polarization dynamics in a free birefringence mode-locked fiber laser. The laser includes a double-pass Erbium-doped fiber amplifier and 20-m long bi-twisted fiber at a twist rate of ± 6 turns m−1 to mitigate both, linear and circular birefringence effects. We found ellipticity changes due to nonlinear birefringence in the 20-m long fiber during pulse formation and propagation. In contrast with previously reported works, the inclusion of bi-twisted fiber allows investigate the nonlinear effects independently from the linear ones. The experimental behavior was confirmed by numerical simulations based on spl…

BirefringenceMaterials scienceVector solitonbusiness.industryPhysics::OpticsLaserPolarization (waves)Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPulse (physics)law.inventionNonlinear systemOpticslawFiber laserFiberElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessOptics & Laser Technology
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Nonlinear mode coupling in a birefringent microstructured fiber tuned by externally applied hydrostatic pressure

2015

We studied the effect of power coupling between two linearly polarized modes, which occurs during nonlinear propagation in an externally tuned birefringent microstructured fiber. We investigated both experimentally and numerically the possibility of measuring hydrostatic pressure by tracking the nonlinear power coupling between the fiber polarization modes. We analyzed the impact of the fiber length exposed to pressure and the input polarization state on the coupling efficiency. We also revealed that the observation of nonlinear power coupling between the polarization modes is limited by linear coupling occurring in the leadthroughs to the pressure chamber. Moreover, we demonstrated that th…

BirefringenceMaterials sciencebusiness.industryLinear polarizationHydrostatic pressurePolarization-maintaining optical fiberPolarization (waves)InstabilityAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsNonlinear systemOpticsMode couplingbusinessJournal of Optics
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Pas de titre en anglais

2010

Within the quick nano-fabrication techniques evolution and the increasing needs in low space and energy opto-electronic functions on-chip integration, studies and control of electromagnetic resonances of sub-micrometric objects are crucial issues. One aim of this work was then to improve our knowledge of the light-matter interaction. To this end, optical near-field experiments and complementary numerical development of models have been performed to study electromagnetic resonances due to light-matter interaction in sub-micrometric resonators. As an introduction, the first part of the manuscript presents the main phenomena involved in near-field optical microscopy and the used SNOM operation…

Bistability modulationPlasmoniqueRésonanceNon-linear effectsEffets non-linéairesModulation de bistabilité[ PHYS.COND.CM-GEN ] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other]Brewster anglePlasmonicMicro-cavityPassive and active near-field optic (SNOM)Modes propresMicro-cavitésChamp proche optique passif et actif (SNOM)Angle de Brewster[PHYS.COND.CM-GEN] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other][PHYS.COND.CM-GEN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other]Film minceThin filmEigenmodes
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Experimental demonstration of phase bistability in a broad-area optical oscillator with injected signal

2015

We demonstrate experimentally that a broad-area laserlike optical oscillator (a nondegenerate photorefractive oscillator) with structured injected signal displays two-phase patterns. The technique [de Valc\'arcel and Staliunas, Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 054101 (2010)] consists in spatially modulating the injection, so that its phase alternates periodically between two opposite values, i.e., differing by $\ensuremath{\pi}$.

Bistability:Física::Mecànica quàntica [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC]educationPhase (waves)FOS: Physical sciencesPattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)SignalOpticsOptical chaos complexityphotorefractive and Kerr effectsDynamics of nonlinear optical systemsPatternsPhysicsLàsersbusiness.industryLasersPhase conjugationPhotorefractive effectNonlinear Sciences - Pattern Formation and SolitonsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsOptical spatio-temporal dynamicsOptical instabilitiesAtomic physicsPhase conjugationbusinessPhysics - OpticsOptics (physics.optics)
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Cutoff solitons and bistability of the discrete inductance-capacitance electrical line: Theory and experiments

2007

A discrete nonlinear system driven at one end by a periodic excitation of frequency above the upper band edge (the discreteness induced cutoff) is shown to be a means to (1) generate propagating breather excitations in a long chain and (2) reveal the bistable property of a short chain. After detailed numerical verifications, the bistability prediction is demonstrated experimentally on an electrical transmission line made of 18 inductance-capacitance $(LC)$ cells. The numerical simulations of the $LC$-line model allow us also to verify the breather generation prediction with a striking accuracy.

BistabilityBreather01 natural sciencesCapacitanceLine (electrical engineering)010305 fluids & plasmasInductanceNonlinear systemElectric power transmissionQuantum electrodynamicsQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciencesCutoff010306 general physicsMathematicsPhysical Review E
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Experimental study of electrical FitzHugh-Nagumo neurons with modified excitability

2006

International audience; We present an electronical circuit modelling a FitzHugh-Nagumo neuron with a modified excitability. To characterize this basic cell, the bifurcation curves between stability with excitation threshold, bistability and oscillations are investigated. An electrical circuit is then proposed to realize a unidirectional coupling between two cells, mimicking an inter-neuron synaptic coupling. In such a master-slave configuration, we show experimentally how the coupling strength controls the dynamics of the slave neuron, leading to frequency locking, chaotic behavior and synchronization. These phenomena are then studied by phase map analysis. The architecture of a possible ne…

BistabilityComputer scienceCognitive NeuroscienceModels Neurological[MATH.MATH-DS]Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS][ NLIN.NLIN-CD ] Nonlinear Sciences [physics]/Chaotic Dynamics [nlin.CD][ MATH.MATH-DS ] Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS]ChaoticPhase mapAction PotentialsSynchronizationTopologyElectronic neuronsSynaptic Transmission01 natural sciencesSynchronization010305 fluids & plasmaslaw.inventionBiological ClocksArtificial IntelligencelawControl theoryOscillometry0103 physical sciencesmedicineAnimals010306 general physicsElectronic circuitNeuronsArtificial neural networkQuantitative Biology::Neurons and Cognition[SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience[SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics[ SPI.TRON ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/ElectronicsCoupling (electronics)medicine.anatomical_structureNonlinear DynamicsElectrical network[NLIN.NLIN-CD]Nonlinear Sciences [physics]/Chaotic Dynamics [nlin.CD][ SCCO.NEUR ] Cognitive science/NeuroscienceChaosBifurcationSynaptic couplingNeural Networks ComputerNeuron
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Coexistence of single-mode and multi-longitudinal mode emission in the ring laser model

2005

A homogeneously broadened unidirectonal ring laser can emit in several longitudinal modes for large enough pump and cavity length because of Rabi splitting induced gain. This is the so called Risken-Nummedal-Graham-Haken (RNGH) instability. We investigate numerically the properties of the multi-mode solution. We show that this solution can coexist with the single-mode one, and its stability domain can extend to pump values smaller than the critical pump of the RNGH instability. Morevoer, we show that the multi-mode solution for large pump values is affected by two different instabilities: a pitchfork bifurcation, which preserves phase-locking, and a Hopf bifurcation, which destroys it.

BistabilityFOS: Physical sciencesPhysics::OpticsRing laserInstabilityOptical bistabilityLongitudinal modesymbols.namesakeINSTABILITIESOpticsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryHopf bifurcationPhysicsbusiness.industrySingle-mode optical fiberNonlinear Sciences - Chaotic DynamicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsPULSESElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPitchfork bifurcationsymbolsTURBULENCEChaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)businessOptics (physics.optics)Physics - Optics
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