Search results for "Lint"

Evolution of external female genital mutilation : why do males harm their mates?

2017

Sperm competition may select for male reproductive traits that influence female mating or oviposition rate. These traits may induce fitness costs to the female; however, they may be costly for the males as well as any decrease in female fitness also affects male fitness. Male adaptations to sperm competition manipulate females by altering not only female behaviour or physiology, but also female morphology. In orb-weaving spiders, mating may entail mutilation of external structures of the female genitalia, which prevents genital coupling with subsequent males. Here, we present a game theoretical model showing that external female genital mutilation is favoured even under relatively high cost…

Predicting habitat suitability for Ixodes ricinus and Ixodes persulcatus ticks in Finland

2022

AbstractBackgroundTicks are responsible for transmitting several notable pathogens worldwide. Finland lies in a zone where two human-biting tick species co-occur:IxodesricinusandIxodespersulcatus. Tick densities have increased in boreal regions worldwide during past decades, and tick-borne pathogens have been identified as one of the major threats to public health in the face of climate change.MethodsWe used species distribution modelling techniques to predict the distributions ofI.ricinusandI.persulcatus,using aggregated historical data from 2014 to 2020 and new tick occurrence data from 2021. By aiming to fill the gaps in tick occurrence data, we created a new sampling strategy across Fin…

Serological Follow-Up Study Indicates High Seasonal Coronavirus Infection and Reinfection Rates in Early Childhood

2022

Seasonal human coronaviruses (HCoVs) cause respiratory infections, especially in children. Currently, the knowledge on early childhood seasonal coronavirus infections and the duration of antibody levels following the first infections is limited. Here we analyzed serological follow-up samples to estimate the rate of primary infection and reinfection(s) caused by seasonal coronaviruses in early childhood. Serum specimens were collected from 140 children at ages of 13, 24, and 36 months (1, 2, and 3 years), and IgG antibody levels against recombinant HCoV nucleoproteins (N) were measured by enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Altogether, 84% (118/140) of the children were seropositive for at least one s…

Vallan verkostoissa : Per Brahe ja hänen klienttinsä 1600-luvun Ruotsin valtakunnassa

2011

Käymme yhdessä ain, käymme aina rinnakkain : analyysi kuntaliitosretoriikan käsitteistön muuttumisesta 1960- luvulta 2000-luvulle

2010

Tutkimukseni aiheena on selvittää kuntaliitoskeskusteluun kuuluvien käsitteiden vaikutusta kuntaliitosten toteuttamiseen ja kuinka käsitteet ovat vaikuttaneet poliittiseen diskurssiin ja toimintaan kuntaliitoksissa viimeisen noin 40 vuoden aikana virallisten tahojen ja tekstien kautta. Tutkimuksessa kuntaliitoskeskustelua tarkastellaan 1960-luvulta 2000-luvulle. Varsinainen analyysi jakautuu kolmeen päälukuun. Ensimmäinen käsittää ajanjakson 1960- ja 1970-luvut, toinen 1980-luvun ja osan 1990-luvusta. Kolmannessa luvussa käsitellään edellisten vuosikymmenten keskustelujen vaikutuksia kahden kuntaliitoksen toteutumisen 2000-luvulla. Tutkimuksessa kysytään miten käsitteet ovat muuttuneet tai …

3D models of humanoid soccer robot in USAR sim and robotics studio simulators

2008

This paper describes our experience in the simulation of humanoid soccer robots using two general purposes 3D simulators, namely USARSim and Microsoft Robotics Studio. We address the problem of the simulation of a soccer match among two teams of small humanoid robots in the RoboCup Soccer Kid-Size Humanoid competitions. The paper reports the implementation of the virtual models of the Robovie-M humanoid robot platform in the two simulators. Robovie-M was the robot used by our team "Artisti" in the RoboCup 2006 competitions. This paper focuses on the procedures needed to implement the virtual models of the robot and in the details of the models. We describe experiments assessing the feasibi…

Näkymänhallintatekniikat 3D-grafiikkamoottoreissa

2011

Tässä tutkielmassa käsittelen näkymänhallintatekniikoita 3D-grafiikkamoottoreissa. Näkymä muodostetaan monikulmiomalleista. Näkymänhallinta kuvaa algoritmit ja menetelmät, joiden tarkoituksena on valita kyseisen maailman kaikista monikulmioista ne, jotka pitää piirtää katsojan lokaation ja orientaation perusteella. Renderöitäessä satojatuhansia polygoneja käyttäen lukuisia efektejä käytettävä näkymänhallintatekniikka on tärkeässä asemassa. Tutkielmassa on tarkoitus esittää eri näkymänhallintatekniikoiden toteutuksia, osoittaa millaisille näkymille mikäkin menetelmä on paras ja verrata menetelmien suorituskykyä.

Human-centricity in AI governance : A systemic approach

2023

Human-centricity is considered a central aspect in the development and governance of artificial intelligence (AI). Various strategies and guidelines highlight the concept as a key goal. However, we argue that current uses of Human-Centered AI (HCAI) in policy documents and AI strategies risk downplaying promises of creating desirable, emancipatory technology that promotes human wellbeing and the common good. Firstly, HCAI, as it appears in policy discourses, is the result of aiming to adapt the concept of human-centered design (HCD) to the public governance context of AI but without proper reflection on how it should be reformed to suit the new task environment. Second, the concept is mainl…

Toward adjustment profiles for lower secondary student-athletes in the Finnish dual career context: A mixed-methods approach

2022

Engagement, burnout, and experiences are central concepts for understanding student-athlete adjustment in a dual career (DC) environment. As part of a larger 3-year, lower secondary sports schools pilot project, the aim of this study was to examine student-athletes’ DC adjustment in Finnish lower secondary sports schools at the end of the second academic year. By combining quantitative and qualitative methods, we sought to (a) identify adjustment profiles among student-athletes based on measures of engagement and burnout in school and sport and (b) to extract experiences that describe the distribution of student-athletes in the profiles. A latent profile analysis using questionnaire data fr…

The role of adolescent lifestyle habits in biological aging: A prospective twin study

2022

Adolescence is a stage of fast growth and development. Exposures during puberty can have long-term effects on health in later life. This study aims to investigate the role of adolescent lifestyle in biological aging.The study participants originated from the longitudinal FinnTwin12 study (n = 5114). Adolescent lifestyle-related factors, including body mass index (BMI), leisure-time physical activity, smoking, and alcohol use, were based on self-reports and measured at ages 12, 14, and 17 years. For a subsample, blood-based DNA methylation (DNAm) was used to assess biological aging with six epigenetic aging measures in young adulthood (21-25 years, n = 824). A latent class analysis was condu…