Search results for "Lip"
showing 10 items of 8306 documents
The role of fibrate treatment in dyslipidemia: an overview.
2012
Dyslipidemia, and especially atherogenic dyslipidemia, a combination of small low-density lipoproteins cholesterol (LDL-C), decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and increased triglyceride (TG) concentrations, represents a major cardiovascular (CV) risk factor. Nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are involved in the regulation of lipid metabolism; PPAR ligands are used to treat dyslipidemias. Fibrates have a major impact on TG metabolism as well as on modulating LDL size and subclasses. Fibrates target atherogenic dyslipidemia by increasing plasma HDL-C concentrations and decreasing small dense LDL (sdLDL) particles and TGs, thus contributin…
Constitutive androstane receptor activation stimulates faecal bile acid excretion and reverse cholesterol transport in mice.
2010
The constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) is a nuclear receptor expressed in the liver and involved in xenobiotic metabolism. The aim of this study was to assess whether pharmacological CAR activation could affect neutral sterol and bile acid elimination under conditions of cholesterol overload.Wild type, Car-/-, ApoE-/-, and low-density lipoprotein receptor (Ldlr)-/- mice fed a western-type diet were treated with the CAR agonist TCPOBOP.CAR activation was associated with a decrease in faecal cholesterol output related to the repression of the Abcg5/g8 cholesterol transporters. In contrast, TCPOBOP treatment induced a marked increase (up to three fold, p0.01) in the elimination of faecal b…
Surgical management of ruptured small cerebral aneurysm: Outcome and surgical notes
2015
Background Management of small aneurysms often poses a therapeutic dilemma and surgical treatment or coiling can be considered as therapeutic choices. In the present study, we reviewed our series of ruptured small cerebral aneurysm treated surgically. Methods A total of 53 consecutive patients with ruptured small aneurysm were surgically treated between January 2008 and July 2014. Data were retrospectively collected. Procedure-related death and complications were systematically reviewed. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the Modified Ranking Scale. Neuroradiological follow-up was performed to assess aneurysmal occlusion and recanalization rate. Results The mean aneurysm size was 2 mm ± …
Condylar intramedullary intraosseous lipoma : contribution of a new case and review of the literature
2017
Background Lipoma is the most common benign tumour of the human body, being intraosseous involvement very rare. Just 1 to 4% of all cases of lipoma are located in the oral cavity, only 0.1% being intraosseous. The jaw is its most uncommon bone location. Etiology of intraosseous lipoma (IOL) is unknown, although several theories have been proposed. Usually asymptomatic, the symptoms, when present, will depend on its location and size. Its origin may be intraosseous or juxtacortical. A biopsy is essential for diagnosis, and definitive treatment involves resection or curettage of the lesion. The aim of this paper is to present a new case of intramedullary intraosseous lipoma of the mandible wi…
Small bowel volvulus due to a large intestinal lipoma: A rare case report
2020
Highlights • These are rare, benign, slow-growing mesenchymal tumors originating from adipose tissue in the bowel wall. Lipomas of mesentery, mesocolon, and antimesenteric side of intestine are extremely rare. • We describe a case of small bowel obstruction secondary to volvulus due to an antimesenteric ileal lipoma. • Mesenteric lipomas are rare clinical entity, with less than 50 cases described in English language literature. CT scan is the gold standard imaging modality for diagnosis of mesenteric lipoma and other lipomatous abdominal masses. • It shows homogenous tumor of adipose tissue, gives information about features of the small bowel and if there is evidence of ischemia and can dem…
Induction of dendritic cell maturation and modulation of dendritic cell-induced immune responses by prostaglandins
2000
Dendritic cells (DC) are the most potent antigen-presenting cells of the immune system. In this study we investigated the effects of various prostaglandins (PG) on the stimulatory capacity of DC. DC were generated from peripheral progenitor cells in the presence of IL-4 and GM-CSF and stimulated with IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-alpha on day 7. Simultaneously, PG (PGD(2), PGE(1), PGE(2), PGF(2 alpha), PGI(2)) were added at various concentrations (10(-5) to 10(-9) M) on day 7. In all experiments, PGE(2) had the most potent influence on the maturation of the DC, followed by other PG in the order PGE(1) > PGD(2) > PGF(2 alpha) > PGI(2). In addition, the expression of the surface molecules CD40, CD54, CD…
Oxidative stress-induced glucocorticoid resistance is prevented by dual PDE3/PDE4 inhibition in human alveolar macrophages
2011
Summary Background Oxidative stress is present in airway diseases such as severe asthma or Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and contributes to the low response to glucocorticoids through the down-regulation of histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity. Objective To study the effects of the phosphodiesterase (PDE)-3 and 4 inhibitors and their combination vs. glucocorticoids in a model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cytokine release in alveolar macrophages under oxidative stress conditions. Methods Differentiated U937 or human alveolar macrophages were stimulated with H2O2 (10–1000 μm) or cigarette smoke extract (CSE, 0–15%) for 4 h before LPS (0.5 μg/mL, 24 h) addition. In other experime…
Albumin versus solvent/detergent-treated pooled plasma as replacement fluid for long-term plasma exchange therapy in a patient with primary hypertrig…
2015
BACKGROUND Chylomicronemia syndrome is a metabolic condition characterized by severe fasting hypertrigliceridemia (≥1000 mg/dL) and other clinical features including chronic abdominal pain and recurrent acute pancreatitis. In patients with acute or recurrent pancreatitis, plasma exchange (PEx) is indicated for the treatment of acute disease and prevention of recurrence. The use of plasma instead of albumin as replacement fluid has been suggested for its putative ability to replace the deficient enzyme possibly leading to better clinical improvement. CASE REPORT A 40-year-old man with chylomicronemia syndrome due to a newly identified loss-of-function mutation in the lipoprotein lipase (LPL)…
Effects of dietary conjugated linoleic acids in the control of adiposity and obesity‐related disorders
2007
The body fat-lowering effect of conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) in experimental animals has attracted much interest because of the potential use of CLA as weight loss agents in humans. The objective of this review was to give an overview of the results from human intervention trials. The review also addresses experimental studies in animal models and in cultured cells. CLA appear to provoke fat mass loss and an increase of fat-free mass in rodents, but the results in humans are inconsistent and much less clear than in rodents. Thus, the results of studies in humans do not support a body fat-lowering effect of CLA. There are indications from animal studies that the trans-10, cis-12 CLA isome…
Successful Control of Hypoglycemia with Pasireotide LAR in a Patient with Inappropriate Insulin Secretion
2021
Introduction Inappropriate insulin secretion could be due to several diseases. Nesidioblastosis is characterized by diffuse hyperplasia of pancreatic beta cells, causing organic hypoglycemia. No pancreatic lesions are found on the imaging of patients with this condition. Diazoxide is used as a first-line treatment but can be poorly tolerated because of its side effects, and therapeutic failure is possible. Somatostatin analogues have limited efficacy because of their poor affinity to somatostatin (SST) receptors. Pasireotide is a somatostatin analogue with a much higher affinity to SST receptors, especially SST5, and it could thus be more efficient for treating nesidioblastosis-related hypo…