Search results for "Lisp"
showing 10 items of 87 documents
Identification of CD4 T-Cell Epitopes in Soluble Liver Antigen/Liver Pancreas Autoantigen in Autoimmune Hepatitis
2008
Background & Aims Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic inflammatory liver disease associated with autoantibodies and liver-infiltrating lymphocytes. Although autoantibodies are tested routinely to diagnose and classify AIH, liver-infiltrating lymphocytes are regarded as the primary factor for disease pathogenesis. The purpose of this study was to identify and characterize autoantigenic peptides within human AIH-specific soluble liver antigen/liver pancreas antigen (SLA/LP) that are targeted by CD4 + T cells and restricted by the disease susceptibility gene HLA-DRB1*0301. Methods HLA-DRB1*0301 transgenic mice were immunized with SLA/LP. Antibody and T-cell responses were analyzed with SLA…
Quantitative and functional analysis of core-specific T-helper cell and CTL activities in acute and chronic hepatitis B
2008
Aims/background CD4+ T-helper cell (Th) responses to hepatitis B virus (HBV) core antigen (HBc) are increased during exacerbations in acute and chronic hepatitis B (AHB, CHB) and might influence the induction of CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) that are important for viral clearance. Methods HBc-specific proliferative responses and cytokine release of blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were studied in patients with AHB or CHB, as well as responders and non-responders to interferon-alpha treatment (IFN-R, IFN-NR), by [3H]-thymidine-uptake, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Elispot assay and were compared to peptide HBc18 27-specific CTL precursor frequencies among CD8+ T cells deri…
Regulation of the neutralizing anti-hepatitis B surface (HBs) antibody response in vitro in HBs vaccine recipients and patients with acute or chronic…
1996
Abstract Antibodies directed to the HBs antigen indicate viral clearance and the development of life-long immunity in patients that recovered from HBV infection. In HBs antigen vaccine recipients anti-HBs antibodies provide protective immunity. However, little is known about the regulation of this HBs-specific antibody response. The existence of anti-HBs-secreting B cells was demonstrated using the highly sensitive ELISPOT technique compared with conventional ELISA in serum and cell culture supernatants. In the peripheral blood of patients with acute self-limited hepatitis B, HBs-specific B cells were demonstrated with a high frequency despite undetectable anti-HBs serum antibodies. HBV-imm…
The viral clearance in interferon-treated chronic hepatitis C is associated with increased cytotoxic T cell frequencies
1999
Abstract Background/Aims: Cytotoxic T lymphocytes have been demonstrated in peripheral blood and liver tissue of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection, but their significance for viral clearance is unknown. Therefore, we analyzed hepatitis C virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte precursor frequencies in chronic hepatitis C virus carriers during interferon-α treatment. Methods: Blood mononuclear cells or CD8+ T cells from HLA-A2 positive and negative patients and controls were analyzed in chromium-release assays using a panel of 18 synthetic peptides from the HCV core, E1 and NS4 antigens bearing HLA-A2 binding motifs. Specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte precursor frequencies were st…
Ankylosing spondylitis in monozygotic twins: studies on immunological parameters
1999
OBJECTIVE—To examine immunological parameters that might explain disease discordance in monozygotic twin pairs with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). METHODS—11 monozygotic twin pairs (nine with AS, two with undifferentiated spondyloarthropathy) were investigated. The peripheral T cell receptor Vβ repertoire was investigated using FACS analysis and 14 different Vβ antibodies. In addition serum samples were tested for antibodies to Klebsiella pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Candida albicans, Proteus mirabilis, and Escherichia coli. Peripheral blood lymphocyte reactivity against a number of bacteria was investigated by interferon γ ELISPOT assays. RESULTS—Twins suffering from AS showed cellula…
The response of autologous T cells to a human melanoma is dominated by mutated neoantigens
2005
Our understanding of pathways leading to antitumor immunity may depend on an undistorted knowledge of the primary antigenic targets of patients' autologous T cell responses. In the melanoma model derived from patient DT, we applied cryopreserved short-term autologous mixed lymphocyte–tumor cell cultures (MLTCs) in combination with an IFN-γ enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay to cDNA expression screening. We identified three previously unknown peptides processed from melanosomal proteins tyrosinase (presented by HLA-A*2601 and -B*3801) and gp100 (presented by HLA-B*07021) and five neoantigens generated by somatic point mutations in the patient's melanoma. The mutations were found in the…
The use of computer-assisted video image analysis for the quantification of CD8+ T lymphocytes producing tumor necrosis factor alpha spots in respons…
1997
Enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) analysis is a sensitive technique for the detection and quantification of single T lymphocytes forming cytokine spots after antigen contact in vitro. Herein computer-assisted video image analysis (CVIA) was applied to automatically determine the number and size of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) spots formed by single blood-derived CD8+ T cells after contact with peptide-loaded target cells. With CVIA and TNF-alpha ELISPOT analysis we quantified CD8+ T cells responsive to HLA-A2.1-binding tyrosinase and influenza matrix peptides in healthy donors. We followed the course of the virus-specific T cell response in two HLA-A2-positive patients with reac…
Novel M. tuberculosis specific IL-2 ELISpot assay discriminates adult patients with active or latent tuberculosis
2018
Background Tuberculosis (TB) still is a major worldwide health problem, with 10.4 million new cases in 2016. Only 5–15% of people infected with M. tuberculosis develop TB disease while others remain latently infected (LTBI) during their lifetime. Thus, the absence of tests able to distinguish between latent infection and active tuberculosis is one of the major limits of currently available diagnostic tools. Methods A total of 215 patients were included in the study as active TB cases (n = 73), LTBI subjects (n = 88) and healthy persons (n = 54). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from each patient and the LIOSpot® TB anti-human IL-2 ELISpot assay was performed to test …
Dynamic Antigen Presentation Patterns of Listeria monocytogenes-Derived CD8 T Cell Epitopes In Vivo
2001
Abstract Little information exists regarding the presentation of antigenic peptides in infected tissues. In this study the in vivo presentation of four different CD8 T cell epitopes of Listeria monocytogenes was monitored. Peptide presentation was measured by a new, highly sensitive, ex vivo Ag presentation assay that was based on the testing of freshly isolated cells from infected spleens with peptide-specific CD8 T cell lines in an IFN-γ-specific ELISPOT assay. Remarkably, the peptide presentation pattern of splenocytes and that of macrophages purified from spleens of L. monocytogenes-infected mice were different from those of in vitro infected macrophage-like cell lines. The in vivo Ag p…
Biosimilars and Novel Insulins.
2019
Background Insulin therapy is the mainstay of treatment for type 1 diabetes and may be necessary in type 2 diabetes. Current insulin analogues present a more physiological profile, are effective, and with less risk of hypoglycemia, but they are expensive. Biosimilar insulins should offer the advantages of insulin analogues at reduced costs. In addition, current rapid-acting insulin analogues are not fast enough to control excessive postprandial glucose excursions in many patients. Areas of uncertainty Biosimilar insulins demonstrated that are safe and effective, but interchangeability and automatic substitution remain an issue. Ultrafast-acting insulins should reduce postprandial hyperglyce…