Search results for "Litter"

Production and turnover of organic matter in three southern European Fagus sylvatica L

1999

Above-ground biomass, litterfall and litter accumulation and decomposition at the soil surface were studied within three Mediterranean beech forests from Italy, France and Spain in order to better understand the recycling of elements associated with the turnover organic matter Above-ground tree biomass amounted to 131.9 Mg ha-1 at Etna (Italy), 134.2 Mg ha-1 at Sierra de la Demanda (Spain) and 223.9 Mg ha-1 at Mont Lozère (France). The highest amount of total litterfall was observed at Sierra de la Demanda (4.7 Mg ha-1 year-1), followed by the Mont Lozère (4.4 Mg ha-1 year-1) and Etna (3.9 Mg ha-1 year-1). Total organic matter accumulated on the soil surface in the three beech forests amoun…

Effects of traditional forest management on carbon storage in a Mediterranean holm oak (Quercus ilex L.) coppice

2018

Abstract: In the last decade, there has been increased interest in measuring and modeling storage in the five forest carbon pools: the aboveground and belowground biomass (living biomass), the deadwood and litter (dead biomass), and the soil (soil organic matter). In this paper, we examined carbon storage in a holm oak coppice stand in the Madonie Mountains in Sicily (Italy), which is a typical case of managed coppice stands. Today, traditional coppice practices are only applied to a small number of forested areas in Sicily, such as the selected site, because of the decline in demand for wood and charcoal. The dendrometric parameters of the stands were recorded, and silvicultural indices we…

Dematiaceous Hyphomycetes from Quercus suber litter

2011

Wavelength-multiplexing system for single-mode image transmission

1997

The expanding use of optical communication by means of optical fibers and the situation of drastically increasing amounts of data to be transmitted urge the exploration of novel systems permitting the transmission of large amounts of spatial information by fiber with smaller spatial resolution. An optical encoding and decoding system is suggested for transmitting one- or two-dimensional images by means of a single-mode fiber. The superresolving system is based on wavelength multiplexing of the input spatial information, which is achieved with diffractive optical elements. Preliminary experimental results demonstrate the capabilities of the suggested method for the one- and two-dimensional c…

Effects of temperature and moisture fluctuations on an experimental soil microarthropod community

2001

Summary We established an experiment in microcosms with coniferous forest humus and birch leaf litter for testing the effects of constant vs. diurnally fluctuating temperature and uniform vs. varying moisture, on the population densities and species richness of Collembola and Mestostigmata. These parameters and the vertical distribution of populations were analysed by layers (top, centre, bottom) at two samplings (weeks 10 and 27). The hypotheses were that populations of at least some species benefit from fluctuating microclimate, and that varying conditions permit more species to coexist than uniform conditions. At fluctuating temperature regime, four species and total Collembola were more…

Temporal and spatial fluctuations in moisture affect humus microfungal community structure in microcosms

2000

The effects of temporal and spatial fluctuations in moisture on the microfungal community were studied in birch litter plus pine humus microcosms over 6 months. Two treatments were used: a uniform treatment in which moisture was maintained at the original moisture content throughout the profile over the course of the experiment; and a fluctuating moisture treatment in which the moisture content of the whole microcosm fluctuated weekly around the original moisture content. At 6 months, fungal species richness was higher and diversity was lower under moisture fluctuations than under uniform moisture. The number of fungal isolates and proportional diversity was significantly higher in the bott…

Remote optical monitoring in remotely power assisted passive optical networks

2010

In this paper, the authors present the latest results on a simple and low cost method to achieve a dynamic and flexible network monitoring. By placing several fiber Bragg gratings (FBG) along the passive optical gigabit Ethernet infrastructure (GePON), the proposed modified optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) is able to monitor the entire system by simply tuning its working wavelength. Furthermore, the optical network terminals (ONT), at the end users premises, have been interconnected to the trunk via an innovative cable able to both carry the optical signal as well as the power supply.

Korleis skriv den gode skrivaren? : Ein posisjoneringsanalyse bygd på Ongstad og Bakhtin

2017

Masteroppgave nordisk språk og litteratur NO500 - Universitetet i Agder 2017 This Master Thesis is a research of texts written for the final exam in Norwegian as first language at upper secondary school in spring 2016. The survey comprises texts written by students both from adult education centres and upper secondary schools. In this project, 103 exam writers participate and 84 out of these volunteered to answer a survey about writing. In this paper I seek answers to the following question: «How does the good writer write? An analysis of positioning based on Ongstad and Bakhtin. » The survey of the exam texts has its origin in Sigmund Ongstad’s Theory of Positioning, which he bases on genr…

Traumets rom : En analyse av Sofi Oksanens Utrenskning

2019

Masteroppgave nordisk språk og litteratur NO500 - Universitetet i Agder 2019 This thesis is an analysis of Sofi Oksanen’s novel Utrenskning [Purge] (2011), with a particular focus on what significance the various rooms convey in the narrative of trauma. Utrenskning relates stories of occupation, violence and abuse through three generations of Estonian women, and how this has led totrauma, fear, and damaged relationships. The study’s primary theory is that the novel interprets aspects of traumatic experiences through a spatial point of view. One distinctive feature of Utrenskning is that almost all of the action plays out within different rooms. The rooms have different functions for the nov…

Kan alle ha glede av samme bok? Hvordan kan analyse av tre forskjellige verk bidra til forståelse av all-alder-litteratur-begrepet?

2021

Master´s thesis in Primary Teacher Education The purpose of this master's thesis is to investigate how crossover fiction is understood through analyzes of three literary works. Therefore, the research question isas follows: How can we analyze three different works to contribute to an understanding of the concept of crossover fiction? I will use Erlend Loes Kurtby, Lisa Aisato's Livet -illustrertand Oscar K. and Dorte Karrebæks Lejrentoshed light on the topic. The theoretical basis for the thesis is the research of some selected people on crossover fiction -Jon Fosse, Åse Marie Ommundsen, Sandra Beckett, Barbra Wall,and Maria Nikolajeva. In addition to this, I use Wolfgang Iser's thoughts on…