Search results for "Liver Cancer"

Abstract 1726: Estrogen implication in human hepatocellular carcinoma is associated with changes in estrogen receptors and aromatase expression

2010

Abstract There is evidence that hints at a potential role of sex steroids in development and progression of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Previous studies have revealed that estrogen receptors (ER) are expressed in primary HCC. However, the use of antiestrogens has failed to improve disease-free and overall survival of patients. In the present study we have investigated aromatase-driven estrogen formation in nontumoral and malignant human liver tissues and cells, also in relation to the expression of ERα, ERβ, and their splicing variants, aiming to get insights into the potential role of estrogens and the underlying mechanism(s) in human HCC. Chromatographic and exon-specific RT-PCR…

EASL HCC summit: liver cancer management

2014

EASL HCC Summit, Geneva, Switzerland, 13–16 February 2014 The European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) organized the 2014 EASL HCC Summit in Geneva, Switzerland. We discuss here the most interesting and provocative contents from the clinical program of the summit. The objective of this segment was to provide an in-depth review on the different management issues related to early detection, diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma, and, in addition, to highlight the ways of dealing with such an important and rapidly involving field.

Cyclooxygenases in hepatocellular carcinoma

2006

Many epidemiological studies demonstrate that treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) reduce the incidence and mortality of certain malignancies, especially gastrointestinal cancer. The cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes are well-known targets of NSAIDs. However, conventional NSAIDs non-selectively inhibit both the constitutive form COX-1, and the inducible form COX-2. Recent evidence indicates that COX-2 is an important molecular target for anticancer therapies. Its expression is undetectable in most normal tissues, and is highly induced by pro-inflammatory cytokines, mitogens, tumor promoters and growth factors. It is now well-established that COX-2 is chronically overexpr…

Molecular diagnosis and therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC): an emerging field for advanced technologies.

2011

Despite great progress in diagnosis and management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the exact biology of the tumor remains poorly understood overall limiting the patients' outcome. Detailed analysis and characterization of the molecular mechanisms and subsequently individual prediction of corresponding prognostic traits would revolutionize both diagnosis and treatment of HCC and is the key goal of modern personalized medicine. Over the recent years systematic approaches for the analysis of whole tumor genomes and transcriptomes as well as epigenomes became affordable tools in translational research. This includes simultaneous analyses of thousands of molecular targets using microarray-bas…

Application of patient derived liver cancer cell lines for phenotypic characterization and therapeutic target identification

2018

Introduction to hepatitis C virus infection: Overview and history of hepatitis C virus therapies

2018

Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is an infection that affects over 71 million people worldwide that primarily leads to significant morbidity and mortality through its predisposition to liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. In addition, extrahepatic manifestations, such as mixed cryoglobulinaemia-associated vasculitis including renal disease, or type II diabetes are frequently encountered in chronically infected individuals. HCV treatment aims to permanently eradicate the virus in order to prevent both liver and extra-hepatic manifestations. Over two decades after the HCV discovery, treatments have evolved from nonspecific immune modulating therapies based on interferon to sp…

A Nomogram-Based Prognostic Model for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Treated with Sorafenib: A Multicenter Study

2021

Simple Summary Accurate prognostic systems capable of predicting the survival of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing Sorafenib therapy are still lacking. The search for the ideal predictive tool for survival and drug response is justified by the recent availability of several other drugs effective for these patients, licensed as first- and second-line treatment, other than reducing adverse events and costs. In this study, we aimed to identify simple demographic and clinical parameters able to predict survival and Sorafenib response in a large multicenter cohort. In this study, we showed that patient’s general status, liver function and damage laboratory parameters and…

Curcumin effectively inhibits oncogenic NF-κB signaling and restrains stemness features in liver cancer

2015

Background & Aims The cancer stem cells (CSCs) have important therapeutic implications for multi-resistant cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Among the key pathways frequently activated in liver CSCs is NF-κB signaling. Methods We evaluated the CSCs-depleting potential of NF-κB inhibition in liver cancer achieved by the IKK inhibitor curcumin, RNAi and specific peptide SN50. The effects on CSCs were assessed by analysis of side population (SP), sphere formation and tumorigenicity. Molecular changes were determined by RT-qPCR, global gene expression microarray, EMSA, and Western blotting. Results HCC cell lines exposed to curcumin exhibited differential responses to curcumin a…

T cells engineered to express a T-cell receptor specific for glypican-3 to recognize and kill hepatoma cells in vitro and in mice

2015

Background & Aims Cancer therapies are being developed based on our ability to direct T cells against tumor antigens. Glypican-3 (GPC3) is expressed by 75% of all hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC), but not in healthy liver tissue or other organs. We aimed to generate T cells with GPC3-specific receptors that recognize HCC and used them to eliminate GPC3-expressing xenograft tumors grown from human HCC cells in mice. Methods We used mass spectrometry to obtain a comprehensive peptidome from GPC3-expressing hepatoma cells after immune-affinity purification of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2 and bioinformatics to identify immunodominant peptides. To circumvent GPC3 tolerance resulting from feta…

Increased p53 mutation load in nontumorous human liver of Wilson disease and hemochromatosis: Oxyradical overload diseases

2000

Hemochromatosis and Wilson disease (WD), characterized by the excess hepatic deposition of iron and copper, respectively, produce oxidative stress and increase the risk of liver cancer. Because the frequency of p53 mutated alleles in nontumorous human tissue may be a biomarker of oxyradical damage and identify individuals at increased cancer risk, we have determined the frequency of p53 mutated alleles in nontumorous liver tissue from WD and hemochromatosis patients. When compared with the liver samples from normal controls, higher frequencies of G:C to T:A transversions at codon 249 ( P < 0.001) and C:G to A:T transversions and C:G to T:A transitions at codon 250 ( P < 0.001 and P &…