Search results for "Liver Neoplasms."
showing 10 items of 733 documents
Treatment of hepatitis C: critical appraisal of the evidence
2005
Chronic hepatitis C virus infection is currently the most common cause of end stage liver disease worldwide. Although the conclusions of the last National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conferences on Hepatitis C have recently been published, several important issues remain unanswered. This paper reviews the available data using an evidence-based approach. Current evidence is sufficient to recommend IFN treatment for all patients with acute hepatitis. A later initiation of therapy yields the same likelihood of response as early treatment. A daily induction dose during month 1 is the best treatment option. The current gold standard of efficacy for treatment-naive patients with ch…
Genetic association of interleukin-6 polymorphism (-174 G/C) with chronic liver diseases and hepatocellular carcinoma
2012
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine which is expressed in many inflammatory cells in response to different types of stimuli, regulating a number of biological processes. The IL-6 gene is polymorphic in both the 5’ and 3’ flanking regions and more than 150 single nucleotide polymorphisms have been identified so far. Genetic polymorphisms of IL-6 may affect the outcomes of several diseases, where the presence of high levels of circulating IL-6 have been correlated to the stage and/or the progression of the disease itself. The -174 G/C polymorphism is a frequent polymorphism, that is located in the upstream regulatory region of the IL-6 gene and affects IL-6 production. However, the…
Reduced mRNA abundance of the main enzymes involved in methionine metabolism in human liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma
2000
Abstract Background/Aims: It has been known for at least 50 years that alterations in methionine metabolism occur in human liver cirrhosis. However, the molecular basis of this alteration is not completely understood. In order to gain more insight into the mechanisms behind this condition, mRNA levels of methionine adenosyltransferase ( MAT1A ), glycine methyltransferase ( GNMT ), methionine synthase ( MS ), betaine homocysteine methyltransferase ( BHMT ) and cystathionine β-synthase ( CBS ) were examined in 26 cirrhotic livers, five hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and ten control livers. Methods: The expression of the above-mentioned genes was determined by quantitative RT-PCR analy…
Monitoring Occurrence of Liver-Related Events and Survival by Transient Elastography in Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Compensate…
2021
[Background & Aims] Patients with advanced fibrosis related to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are at risk of developing hepatic and extrahepatic complications. We investigated whether, in a large cohort of patients with NAFLD and compensated advanced chronic liver disease, baseline liver stiffness measurements (LSMs) and their changes can be used to identify patients at risk for liver-related and extrahepatic events.
The Relevance of Noninvasive Tools To Assess Fibrosis in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.
2020
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a growing cause of chronic liver diseases worldwide, involving about 25% of people. NAFLD incorporates a large spectrum of pathological conditions, from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis and its complications include hepatic decompensation and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This progression occurs, over many years, in an asymptomatic way, until advanced fibrosis appears. Thus, the differentiation of NASH from simple steatosis and identification of advanced hepatic fibrosis are key issues. To date, the histological assessment of fibrosis with liver biopsy is the gold standard, but obviously, invasiveness is the …
Interferon and prevention of hepatocellular carcinoma in viral cirrhosis: an evidence-based approach.
2001
Abstract Background/Aims : To evaluate by meta-analysis of available literature whether interferon (IFN) reduces the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related Child A cirrhosis. Methods : Three randomized controlled trials and 15 nonrandomized controlled trials, including 4614 patients and comparing IFN to no treatment, were selected. Data on the incidence of HCC in IFN treated and untreated patients were extracted from each study. Meta-analysis by the DerSimonian and Laird risk difference (RD) method was used to pool observations. Results : A different incidence of HCC between treated and untreated cirrhotic pati…
Should we cure hepatitis C virus in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma while treating cancer?
2018
Direct acting antivirals stabilize or improve liver function in the majority of patients with hepatitis C virus cirrhosis. Hepatic decompensation is the main driver of death of patients with early, successfully treated hepatocellular carcinoma superimposed to cirrhosis. Treatment with direct acting antivirals could improve the prognosis of these subjects, independently from the subsequent course of hepatocellular carcinoma, if the efficacy in obtaining viral clearance is as high as in patients without a history of hepatocellular carcinoma, and if the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence is unaffected. When dealing with hepatocellular carcinoma patients, direct acting antivirals can b…
Radiofrequency thermal ablation vs. percutaneous ethanol injection for small hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis: meta-analysis of randomized contr…
2009
Radiofrequency thermal ablation (RF) and percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) have been employed in the treatment of small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as curative treatments. The aim of the study was to review the available evidence comparing RF to PEI for small HCC.Cochrane, MEDLINE, CANCERLIT, and ENBASE databases were used.randomized clinical trials evaluating RF vs. PEI. Data were extracted from each randomized controlled trial (RCT). Primary outcomes were overall survival and local recurrence. Meta-analysis software was used and risk differences (RDs) and their 95% confidence intervals and Q-test for heterogeneity were calculated.Five RCTs were identified including 701 patients. The…
Sicily Network for Liver Cancer: A Multidisciplinary Network Model for the Management of Primary Liver Tumors
2020
Background: The management of primary liver tumors requires the involvement of multiple specialist skills and the best possible treatment in terms of cost, risk, and benefit that could be provided by hepatobiliary or transplant surgeon, interventional radiologist, hepatologist, radiotherapist, or oncologist is needed to be chosen for each patient. This is particularly relevant for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), that is the most common primary liver tumor, and it occurs in more than 90% of cases in the setting of cirrhosis. Methods: To address the increasing complexity of cancer care, multidisciplinary tumor boards (MDTBs) have evolved to offer patients appropriate and tailored cancer treat…
Regression of fibrosis after HBV antiviral therapy. Is cirrhosis reversible?
2014
Long-lasting HBV-DNA suppression is considered to be the best surrogate end-point of antiviral therapy in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) related chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis, and it is a prerequisite to prevent liver-related complications and improve survival. Treatment with oral antiviral drugs in patients with HBV cirrhosis is effective in restoring liver function and improving survival even in those with decompensated cirrhosis. These agents are generally well-tolerated for long-term treatment, and several evidences have demonstrated that they are able to reverse liver fibrosis and prevent the occurrence of HCC.