Search results for "LoRa"

Altered synaptic phospholipid signaling in PRG-1 deficient mice induces exploratory behavior and motor hyperactivity resembling psychiatric disorders.

2017

Abstract Plasticity related gene 1 (PRG-1) is a neuron specific membrane protein located at the postsynaptic density of glutamatergic synapses. PRG-1 modulates signaling pathways of phosphorylated lipid substrates such as lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). Deletion of PRG-1 increases presynaptic glutamate release probability leading to neuronal over-excitation. However, due to its cortical expression, PRG-1 deficiency leading to increased glutamatergic transmission is supposed to also affect motor pathways. We therefore analyzed the effects of PRG-1 function on exploratory and motor behavior using homozygous PRG-1 knockout (PRG-1−/−) mice and PRG-1/LPA2–receptor double knockout (PRG-1−/−/LPA2−/−)…

Protective effect of quercetin on high-fat diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice is mediated by modulating intestinal microbiota imb…

2016

Gut microbiota is involved in obesity, metabolic syndrome and the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). It has been recently suggested that the flavonoid quercetin may have the ability to modulate the intestinal microbiota composition, suggesting a prebiotic capacity which highlights a great therapeutic potential in NAFLD. The present study aims to investigate benefits of experimental treatment with quercetin on gut microbial balance and related gut-liver axis activation in a nutritional animal model of NAFLD associated to obesity. C57BL/6J mice were challenged with high fat diet (HFD) supplemented or not with quercetin for 16 weeks. HFD induced obesity, metabolic syndrom…

AB0492 INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA COMPOSITION OF PATIENT’S WITH BEHCET’S DISEASE: DIFFERENCES BETWEEN EYE, MUCOCUTANEOUS AND VASCULAR INVOLVEMENT (RHEUMA-…

2020

Background:Recently, it has been shown that changes in microbiota composition play a role in the etiology and pathogenesis of chronic diseases. Changes in oral and intestinal microbiota diversity and composition are suggested in Behcet disease (BD), however there are no study available about the potential gut microbiota changes among different clinical forms of BD.Objectives:The aim of this study was to evaluate the intestinal microbiota composition of patient with BD and healthy controls, and also compare BD patients regarding to their eye, mucocutaneous and vascular involvement.Methods:In this prospective cohort study,27 patients diagnosed with BD and 10 aged and sex matched healthy contr…

Intestinal microbiota mediates the beneficial effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids during dietary obesity,

2021

Obesity, now considered as a real worldwide epidemic affecting more than 650 million people, is complex and mainly associated with excessive energy intake and changes in eating habits favoring the consumption of diets rich in saturated fat and sugar. This multifactorial pathology is linked to chronic low grade systemic inflammation. Indeed, a high fat diet (HFD) leads to intestinal microbiota dysbiosis increasing gut permeability (partly attributed to a downregulation of genes encoding tight junction proteins) leading to an increase in bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) levels so-called metabolic endotoxemia. Studies have shown that n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are involved in t…

Faecalibacterium prausnitzii treatment improves hepatic health and reduces adipose tissue inflammation in high-fat fed mice

2017

Faecalibacterium prausnitzii is considered as one of the most important bacterial indicators of a healthy gut. We studied the effects of oral F. prausnitzii treatment on high-fat fed mice. Compared to the high-fat control mice, F. prausnitzii-treated mice had lower hepatic fat content, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase, and increased fatty acid oxidation and adiponectin signaling in liver. Hepatic lipidomic analyses revealed decreases in several species of triacylglycerols, phospholipids and cholesteryl esters. Adiponectin expression was increased in the visceral adipose tissue, and the subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues were more insulin sensitive and less infl…

2020

Understanding the importance of the gut microbiota (GM) in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has raised the hope for therapeutic microbes. We have shown that high hepatic fat content associated with low abundance of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in humans and, further, the administration of F. prausnitzii prevented NAFLD in mice. Here, we aimed at targeting F. prausnitzii by prebiotic xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) to treat NAFLD. First, the effect of XOS on F. prausnitzii growth was assessed in vitro. Then, XOS was supplemented or not with high (HFD, 60% of energy from fat) or low (LFD) fat diet for 12 weeks in Wistar rats (n = 10/group). XOS increased F. prausnitzii growth, having onl…

Association of liver enzyme levels and alveolar bone loss : a cross-sectional clinical study in Sado Island

2018

Background The interaction of periodontopathic bacteria with host immune system induces the production of inflammatory mediators which leads to alveolar bone loss (ABL), the essential feature of periodontitis. Concurrently, periodontal diseases cause the elevation of blood cytokine levels, the alteration of gut microbiota and the dissemination of enterobacteria to the liver. Owing to these mechanisms, periodontal disease might be a risk for liver dysfunction. Several epidemiological studies have reported associations between periodontal diseases and liver dysfunction, although the association between ABL and liver dysfunction has not been investigated. This cross-sectional study determined …

Microbiota-Mitochondria Inter-Talk: A Potential Therapeutic Strategy in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes

2020

The rising prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a growing concern worldwide. New discoveries in the field of metagenomics and clinical research have revealed that the gut microbiota plays a key role in these metabolic disorders. The mechanisms regulating microbiota composition are multifactorial and include resistance to stress, presence of pathogens, diet, cultural habits and general health conditions. Recent evidence has shed light on the influence of microbiota quality and diversity on mitochondrial functions. Of note, the gut microbiota has been shown to regulate crucial transcription factors, coactivators, as well as enzymes implicated in mitochondrial biogenesis and meta…

Depletion of Blautia Species in the Microbiota of Obese Children Relates to Intestinal Inflammation and Metabolic Phenotype Worsening

2020

Cross-sectional studies conducted with obese and control subjects have suggested associations between gut microbiota alterations and obesity, but the links with specific disease phenotypes and proofs of causality are still scarce. The present study aimed to profile the gut microbiota of lean and obese children with and without insulin resistance to characterize associations with specific obesity-related complications and understand the role played in metabolic inflammation. Through massive sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons and data analysis using a novel permutation approach, we have detected decreased incidence of Blautia species, especially Blautia luti and B. wexlerae, in the gut mic…

Health benefits of olive oil and its components: Impacts on gut microbiota antioxidant activities, and prevention of noncommunicable diseases

2019

There is an increasing trend in the consumption of olive oil, especially extra virgin olive oil, due to its health benefits. These health benefits are mainly correlated to health-promoting components of olive oil such as polyphenols, tocopherols, and carotenoids, positive effects of olive oil on the inhibition of foodborne pathogens, stimulation of the growth of beneficial microorganisms, and its antioxidant activity. These attributes make olive oil one of the leading healthy edible oils worldwide.The current study overviews the recent findings on the health benefits of olive oil consumption including its effects on gut microbiota, its antioxidant activity, and its ability in preventing car…