Search results for "Loam"
showing 10 items of 76 documents
Mangrove Diversity and Distribution Based on Substrates Type in Coastal Coast of Syoribo Village East Numfor District Biak Numfor District Papua Prov…
2019
One of the mangrove forest area in Numfor Island is the Syoribo Coastal Coast currently the destruction of mangrove ecosystems is increasingly widespread due to the opening of land to be used as residential and development areas so that there is a reduction in the area of mangrove forests. The research was conducted in April 2018 at the Syoribo Village Coastal Coast of East Numfor District of Biak Numfor District of Papua Province. This study aims to analyze the types and distribution of mangroves, Analyze the composition of species and structure of mangrove vegetation (density, frequency, and dominance), Analyze the mangrove habitat is environmental condition affecting mangrove growth, Ana…
Comparing Beerkan infiltration tests with rainfall simulation experiments for hydraulic characterization of a sandy-loam soil
2017
[EN] Saturated soil hydraulic conductivity, K-s, data collected by ponding infiltrometer methods and usual experimental procedures could be unusable for interpreting field hydrological processes and particularly rainfall infiltration. The K-s values determined by an infiltrometer experiment carried out by applying water at a relatively large distance from the soil surface could however be more appropriate to explain surface runoff generation phenomena during intense rainfall events. In this study, a link between rainfall simulation and ponding infiltrometer experiments was established for a sandy-loam soil. The height of water pouring for the infiltrometer run was chosen, establishing a sim…
Run duration effects on the hydrodynamic properties of a loam soil estimated by steady-state infiltration methods
2020
Steady-state methods for the analysis of single-ring infiltration data are commonly applied. However, the duration of an infiltrometer experiment is often established quite subjectively based on the assumption that in general infiltration stabilizes rather quickly in the field. For a loam soil, the effect of the duration of a beerkan run on sorptivity, S, and saturated hydraulic conductivity, Ks, was tested by using the BEST (Beerkan Estimation of Soil Transfer parameters)-steady method and SSBI (Steady version of the Simplified method based on a Beerkan Infiltration run) method for data analysis. The standard experiment, based on a total of 15 water volumes each establishing an initial pon…
An assessment of the Beerkan method for determining the hydraulic properties of a sandy loam soil
2014
Abstract Establishing the ability of the Beerkan Estimation of Soil Transfer parameters (BEST) procedure to reproduce soil properties is necessary for specific soil types. In this investigation, the BEST predictions for a sandy loam soil were compared with water retention data obtained by a standard laboratory method and with the saturated soil hydraulic conductivity, K s , obtained by both the Wu et al. (1999) method, applied to the BEST infiltration data, and the Simplified Falling Head (SFH) technique. When the original BEST-slope algorithm with the infiltration constants fixed at β = 1.9 and γ = 0.79 was applied, the agreement between the predicted and the measured retention data was sa…
Testing steady-state analysis of single-ring and square pressure infiltrometer data
2016
Testing reliability of the saturated soil hydraulic conductivity, Ks, estimated by applying the steady-state single-ring (SR) model to the quasi steady-state infiltration rates obtained with a single-ring pressure infiltrometer (PI) increases confidence in the estimated Ks values. Determining a means to estimate Ks from infiltration data collected with a square infiltrometer allows the use of sources of different shapes. Using numerically simulated infiltration rates for six homogeneous soils ranging in texture from sand to silty clay loam, this investigation suggested an overall good performance of the SR model, with estimated Ks values differing by not more than 25% from the true values f…
Manual packing and soil reuse effects on determination of saturated hydraulic conductivity of a loam soil
2022
Abstract Performing laboratory measurement of saturated hydraulic conductivity, Ks, of sieved soil is important for many scientific purposes such as testing theories and methods to determine Ks. A given soil mass can be used only once or it can be reused after a previous use. Little is known on the dependence of the Ks measurements on both the applied packing method and the reuse of the same soil mass. This lack of knowledge makes comparisons among different investigations more or less uncertain. Four packing methods were tested on an initially dry loam soil by measuring Ks with the simplified falling head (SFH) technique. The four methods differed by the used compacting procedure (dropping…
An Evaluation of the Single-test Tension Infiltrometer Method for determining the Hydraulic Conductivity of Lateral Capillarity Domain Soils
2004
Abstract The transient and the steady-state single-test tension infiltrometer methods are expected to provide poor hydraulic conductivity K0 estimates in soils situated in the lateral capillarity domain. To evaluate the best strategy for conducting a single-test experiment in these soils, infiltration experiments were numerically simulated for a sandy loam and a clay soil by using two initial pressure heads (−1 and −100 m), four pressure heads at the soil surface (from −0·15 m to −0·01 m), and a maximum duration of 4 h (sandy loam soil) and 12 h (clay soil). The most accurate predictions of K0, differing by a factor of between 0·9 and 1·1 from the true value, were obtained in wet conditions…
Field and laboratory approaches for determining sodicity effects on saturated soil hydraulic conductivity
2006
Abstract Dilution of high-sodicity soil water by low-sodicity rainfall or irrigation water can cause declining soil hydraulic conductivity (K) by inducing swelling, aggregate slaking and clay particle dispersion. Investigations of sodicity-induced reduction in K are generally restricted to repacked laboratory cores of air-dried and sieved soil that are saturated and equilibrated with sodic solution before tests are conducted. This approach may not yield a complete picture of sodicity effects in the field, however, because of loss of antecedent soil structure, small sample size, detachment of the sample from the soil profile, reliance on chemical equilibrium, and differing time scales betwee…
A laboratory analysis of falling head infiltration procedures for estimating the hydraulic conductivity of soils
2006
Abstract Falling head (FH) infiltration procedures can give rapid estimates of the field saturated hydraulic conductivity ( K fs ) of soils. The objectives of this investigation were to develop a procedure for estimating both the K fs and the α ⁎ parameter of the exponential hydraulic conductivity function from a FH experiment, and to compare FH procedures differing by experimental and computational demands. A total of 33 FH experiments were carried out on repacked, sandy loam and loam soil cores. A two level (TL) analysis was applied to determine a value of α ⁎ for each soil core. K fs was then calculated by three different approaches, ranging from the fitting approach (FA) that used the m…
Effects of length and application rate of rice straw mulch on surface runoff and soil loss under laboratory simulated rainfall
2021
Abstract Forest land affected by deforestation yields high soil and water losses. Suitable management practices need to be found that can reduce these losses and achieve ecological and hydrological sustainability of the deforested areas. Mulch has been found to be effective in reducing soil losses; straw mulch is easy to apply, contributes soil organic matter, and is efficient since the day of application. However, the complex effects of rice straw mulch with different application rates and lengths on surface runoff and soil loss have not been clarified in depth. The current paper evaluates the efficiency of rice straw mulch in reducing the hydrological response of a silty clay loam soil un…