Search results for "Locality"

showing 10 items of 113 documents

Mimicking biological mechanisms for sensory information fusion

2013

Current Artificial Intelligence systems are bound to become increasingly interconnected to their surrounding environment in the view of the newly rising Ambient Intelligence (AmI) perspective. In this paper, we present a comprehensive AmI framework for performing fusion of raw data, perceived by sensors of different nature, in order to extract higher-level information according to a model structured so as to resemble the perceptual signal processing occurring in the human nervous system. Following the guidelines of the greater BICA challenge, we selected the specific task of user presence detection in a locality of the system as a representative application clarifying the potentialities of …

Settore ING-INF/05 - Sistemi Di Elaborazione Delle InformazioniAmbient intelligenceKnowledge representation and reasoningAmbient IntelligenceComputer sciencebusiness.industryCognitive Neurosciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectLocalityExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyCognitive architectureMachine learningcomputer.software_genreCognitive architectureArtificial IntelligencePerceptionArtificial intelligenceInference engineInformation fusionHidden Markov modelbusinessRaw datacomputermedia_common
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A revision of the shore-fly genus Hydrochasma Hendel (Diptera, Ephydridae)

2013

A revision of the shore-fly genus Hydrochasma Hendel. The species of the genus Hydrochasma Hendel are revised, including 27 new species (type locality in parenthesis): H. andeum (Ecuador. Guayas: Boliche (02°07.7'S, 79°35.5'W)), H. annae (United States. Utah. Grand: Swasey Beach (15.3 km N Green River; 39°07'N, 110°06.6'W; Green River; 1255 m)), H. capsum (Ecuador. Orellana: RíoTiputini (0°38.2'S, 76°8.9'W)), H. castilloi (Ecuador. Loja: Catamayo (03°59'S, 79°21'W)), H. crenulum (Peru. Cuzco: Paucartambo, Atalaya (Río Alto Madre de Dios; 12°53.3'S, 71°21.6'W; 600 m)), H. denticum (Ecuador…

ShoreHydrochasma sp. n.geography.geographical_feature_categorybiologyAtalayaDipteraEphydridaeNew WorldDiscocerinabiology.organism_classificationArchaeologyArticleEphydridaeGeographyEnvironmental protectionGenuslcsh:ZoologyKey (lock)Animal Science and ZoologyType localitylcsh:QL1-991Ecology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsZooKeys
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Analytical Solutions of Viscoelastic Nonlocal Timoshenko Beams

2022

A consistent nonlocal viscoelastic beam model is proposed in this paper. Specifically, a Timoshenko bending problem, where size- and time-dependent effects cannot be neglected, is investigated. In order to inspect scale phenomena, a stress-driven nonlocal formulation is used, whereas to simulate time-dependent effects, fractional linear viscoelasticity is considered. These two approaches are adopted to develop a new Timoshenko bending model. Analytical solutions and application samples of the proposed formulation are presented. Moreover, in order to show influences of viscoelastic and size effects on mechanical response, parametric analyses are provided. The contributed results can be usefu…

Small-scale beamGeneral Mathematicsfractional calculusFractional calculuMEMS/NEMS; fractional calculus; stress-driven nonlocality; small-scale beams; size effectsstress-driven nonlocalitysize effectsMEMS/NEMSQA1-939Computer Science (miscellaneous)Size effectSettore ICAR/08 - Scienza Delle Costruzionismall-scale beamsEngineering (miscellaneous)MathematicsMathematics
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Occurrence of a sibling species complex within neotropical lymnaeids, snail intermediate hosts of fascioliasis.

2002

The delimitation of cryptic species within the genus Lymnaea, which are the main vectors of fascioliasis, remains a topic of controversy. An analysis of genetic variability based on 12 enzyme loci revealed different fixed alleles at 9 loci between two sympatric samples of Lymnaea viatrix at the type locality in Lima, Peru. The absence of heterozygotes within this locality indicates the presence of isolated populations or cryptic species within L. viatrix. Significant genetic differences were also found between these two L. viatrix samples from Lima and other populations of L. viatrix in South America and in addition to species such as L. truncatula, L. cubensis and L. columella. Moreover, t…

Species complexFascioliasisGenotypeVeterinary (miscellaneous)Intermediate hostZoologySelfingPopulation geneticsBiologyDisease VectorsSouth AmericaInfectious DiseasesGenetic distanceSpecies SpecificitySympatric speciationInsect ScienceAnimalsParasitologyType localityGenetic variabilityLymnaeaActa tropica
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Following the Phoenician example: western Mediterranean colonization by <em>Spirobranchus</em> cf. <em>tetraceros</em> (Annel…

2020

A newly established population of the fouling polychaete Spirobranchus cf. tetraceros is reported from the western Mediterranean (Valencia Port). Despite previous intensive surveys, this is the first record for the taxon in the Iberian Peninsula. Molecular analyses revealed that S. cf. tetraceros from Valencia are genetically identical to specimens from Heraklion, Crete, but different from those collected in the Red Sea and S. tetraceros sensu stricto from the type locality in Australia. Mediterranean and Red Sea S. cf. tetraceros form a well-supported monophyletic clade but are clearly distinct from New South Wales specimens of S. tetraceros. Our new molecular evidence supports the hypothe…

Spirobranchuseducation.field_of_studySpecies complexbiologyEcologyPopulationAquatic ScienceOceanographybiology.organism_classificationMonophylyTaxonMediterranean seaSerpulidaeGeographyType localityeducationScientia Marina
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Localization in a QFT Model

2006

Localization properties of a QFT model, consisting of a quantum scalar field interacting linearly with a classical localized source, are investigated using various approaches present in the literature. We evaluate, to any order of the field–matter coupling constant, the time evolution of average values of one-point localization observables and scalar product between the quantum field state of the evolving system and localized states. We show that the appearance of nonlocality can be connected to nonlocal properties of localized states used or to the fact that localization operators do not satisfy the microcausality principle and therefore does not imply the violation of causality.

Statistics and ProbabilityCoupling constantPhysicsScalar (mathematics)Time evolutionoperatorsStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsObservableQuantum nonlocalityTheoretical physicsClassical mechanicsquantum electrodynamicsphotonsQuantum field theoryScalar fieldQuantumMathematical PhysicsOpen Systems & Information Dynamics
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Nonlocal Elastic-Damage Interface Mechanical Model

2007

The paper presents a nonlocal extension of the elastic-damage interface mechanical model, which is able to describe the effects of the spatially extended microstructure on the decohesion (or fracture) process along a surface. The key feature of the proposed model is an integral constitutive relation between tractions and displacement jumps at the interface. The presence of an integral kernel brings in the model an internal length measure, which characterizes the transition from the microscale, dominated by heterogeneities and discontinuous media, to the mesoscale, characterized as an enhanced homogenized continuum with nonlocal features. The motivations and the fields of applications of the…

Strong nonlocalityMaterials scienceDamageComputer Networks and CommunicationsControl and Systems EngineeringInterface (Java)Nonlocal mechanicComputational MechanicsThermodynamicsMechanicsDecohesionInterfaceInternal length
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Voicing the challenges faced by an innovative teacher community

2011

This research draws on sociocultural theories of learning and activity theory to explore the challenges faced by an innovative community of teachers in Central Finland. The aim of the teacher community was to develop a stream of foreign‐language (FL)‐mediated teaching and learning in the locality from kindergarten to upper secondary level. To achieve this goal, the teachers needed to form coherent groups within the member schools, as well as between the schools. The aim of this research is to give voice to the challenges identified by the teachers and in so doing give voice to the teacher community itself. Recognising the voice of this community also contributes to a broader conceptualisati…

Teaching methodLocalityActivity theoryTeacher communityEducationArts and Humanities (miscellaneous)PedagogyComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATIONMathematics educationLearning theoryVoiceFaculty developmentPsychologySociocultural evolutionTeachers and Teaching
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Nitrous oxide fluxes from permafrost regions

2020

This dataset is a synthesis of published nitrous oxide (N2O) fluxes from permafrost-affected soils in Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine permafrost regions. The data includes mean N2O flux rates measured under field (in situ) conditions and in intact plant-soil systems (mesocosms) under near-field conditions. The dataset further includes explanatory environmental parameters such as meteorological data, soil physical-chemical properties, as well as site and experimental information. Data has been synthesized from published studies (see 'Further details'), and in some cases the authors of published studies have been contacted for additional site-level information. The dataset includes studies publ…

Temperature airNumber of pointsHemeroby/disturbanceannual meanNumber of measurement seasonsTemperature soilDensityArea localityPrecipitationgravimetricmeanNitrateTime in minutesAnalytical methodType of studyReference of dataTemperature air annual meanArea/localitypH soilCarbon Nitrogen ratioYear of observationWater holding capacityOriginal unitSample code/labelReplicatesNitrous oxidepHPermafrost extentThaw depth of active layer meanTemperatureMonthSample code labelZoneWater filled pore space calculatedExperimental treatmentCountryPrecipitation annual meanOrganic carbon soilEarth System ResearchSoil water content gravimetricType of chamberAmmoniumPresence/absenceNitrogenairvolumetricLocationactive layerType of disturbanceSiteVegetation typeWater filled pore spaceSoil water content volumetricSoil water contentin mass nitrous oxidesoilThaw depth of active layercalculatedbulkmaximumLONGITUDEOrganic carbonEcosystemPublication of dataPresence absenceSoil organic matterEvent labelThaw depth of active layer maximumNumber of measurementsHemeroby disturbanceNitrous oxide flux in mass nitrous oxideCarbon/Nitrogen ratiofluxOriginal valueLATITUDEDayNitrogen soilSoil moistureDensity active layer bulk
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High Locality Representations for Automated Programming

2011

We study the locality of the genotype-phenotype mapping used in grammatical evolution (GE). GE is a variant of genetic programming that can evolve complete programs in an arbitrary language using a variable-length binary string. In contrast to standard GP, which applies search operators directly to phenotypes, GE uses an additional mapping and applies search operators to binary genotypes. Therefore, there is a large semantic gap between genotypes (binary strings) and phenotypes (programs or expressions). The case study shows that the mapping used in GE has low locality leading to low performance of standard mutation operators. The study at hand is an example of how basic design principles o…

Theoretical computer sciencebusiness.industryComputer scienceLocalityParse treeGenetic programmingcomputer.software_genreComputingMethodologies_ARTIFICIALINTELLIGENCEGrammatical evolutionLocal search (optimization)Edit distanceArtificial intelligenceHeuristicsbusinesscomputerNatural language processingSemantic gap
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