Search results for "Logic"
showing 10 items of 33629 documents
Cross-taxon congruence and relationships to stand characteristics of vascular plants, bryophytes, polyporous fungi and beetles in mature managed bore…
2018
Abstract Multi-taxon analyses of ecological assemblages are needed when the effects of forestry on biodiversity are examined. Management usually simplifies the structure of forests, which results in quantitative and qualitative declines in many microhabitats and species associated with them. In Fennoscandia, most forests are managed for industrial use of wood, but relatively little is known about the relationships between structural components and biodiversity in managed forests. Abundance, composition or species number of different species groups reacting similarly to variation in their environment would be a useful tool e.g. in estimating responses of species that are more difficult to sa…
Patterns Comparison Between Gome-2 Sun-Induced Fluorescence and Msg Gross Primary Production
2018
A comparison between maximum monthly MSG gross primary production (GPP) estimates with the sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) product from the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment-2 (GOME-2) over Europe and Africa is presented as an indirect validation of MSG GPP estimates. The maximum daily GPP value for each month is derived from daily MSG GPP, which takes full advantage of the SEVIRI/MSG products from the European Organization for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT) delivered by the Satellite Application Facility for Land Surface Analysis (LSA SAF). A linear relationship found between both products over savanna, grasslands and forests at high latitudes evidence…
Local temperatures inferred from plant communities suggest strong spatial buffering of climate warming across Northern Europe
2013
Recent studies from mountainous areas of small spatial extent (2500 km(2) ) suggest that fine-grained thermal variability over tens or hundreds of metres exceeds much of the climate warming expected for the coming decades. Such variability in temperature provides buffering to mitigate climate-change impacts. Is this local spatial buffering restricted to topographically complex terrains? To answer this, we here study fine-grained thermal variability across a 2500-km wide latitudinal gradient in Northern Europe encompassing a large array of topographic complexities. We first combined plant community data, Ellenberg temperature indicator values, locally measured temperatures (LmT) and globally…
Patterns of drought tolerance in major European temperate forest trees: climatic drivers and levels of variability
2013
The future performance of native tree species under climate change conditions is frequently discussed, since increasingly severe and more frequent drought events are expected to become a major risk for forest ecosystems. To improve our understanding of the drought tolerance of the three common European temperate forest tree species Norway spruce, silver fir and common beech, we tested the influence of climate and tree-specific traits on the inter and intrasite variability in drought responses of these species. Basal area increment data from a large tree-ring network in Southern Germany and Alpine Austria along a climatic cline from warm-dry to cool-wet conditions were used to calculate indi…
Non‐linearity in interspecific interactions in response to climate change: cod and haddock as an example
2020
Climate change has profound ecological effects, yet our understanding of how trophic interactions among species are affected by climate change is still patchy. The sympatric Atlantic haddock and cod are co-occurring across the North Atlantic. They compete for food at younger stages and thereafter the former is preyed by the latter. Climate change might affect the interaction and coexistence of these two species. Particularly, the increase in sea temperature (ST) has been shown to affect distribution, population growth and trophic interactions in marine systems. We used 33-year long time series of haddock and cod abundances estimates from two data sources (acoustic and trawl survey) to analy…
Rising temperature modulates pH niches of fen species
2021
Rising temperatures may endanger fragile ecosystems because their character and key species show different habitat affinities under different climates. This assumption has only been tested in limited geographical scales. In fens, one of the most endangered ecosystems in Europe, broader pH niches have been reported from cold areas and are expected for colder past periods. We used the largest European-scale vegetation database from fens to test the hypothesis that pH interacts with macroclimate temperature in forming realized niches of fen moss and vascular plant species. We calibrated the data set (29,885 plots after heterogeneity-constrained resampling) with temperature, using two macroclim…
Implementation of IUCN criteria for the definition of the Red List of Ecosystems in Italy
2020
The present work is aimed at presenting the data, methods and criteria that are being used for the assessment of ecosystem collapse risk in Italy.
Niche partitioning amongst northwestern Mediterranean cetaceans using stable isotopes
2021
Abstract Ten species of cetaceans coexist in the Mediterranean Sea, one of the richest seas in biodiversity and endemisms worldwide. The conservation status of Mediterranean cetaceans has been a concern for many years, particularly due to increasing anthropogenic threats such as global warming and overfishing. We established the stable isotopic niches of carbon, nitrogen, and sulphur for five species of cetaceans inhabiting the northwestern Mediterranean Sea to elucidate the mechanisms of coexistence. The fin whale exploited epipelagic habitats with a low trophic level; the bottlenose dolphin was mostly neritic and had a high trophic level; the Risso’s dolphin was oceanic and fed bathypelag…
Citizen Science in the Natural Sciences
2021
AbstractThe natural sciences include the life and physical sciences and study nature through observing and understanding phenomena, testing hypotheses, and performing experiments. Key principles such as reliability, validity, objectivity, and predictability are achieved through transparent assumptions, methods, data, and interpretations as well as multidisciplinarity.In this chapter we present insights into the genesis of citizen science in the natural sciences and reflect on the intellectual history of the natural sciences in relation to citizen science today. Further, we consider the current scientific approaches and achievements of natural science projects, which are applying citizen sci…
A conservation roadmap for the subterranean biome
2021
6 páginas.- 1 figuras.- 17 referencias.- Wynne JJ, Howarth FG, Mammola S, et al. A conservation roadmap for the subterranean biome. Conservation Letters. 2021; e12834. https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.12834