Search results for "Logical theory"

Four-neutrino oscillations at SNO

2000

We discuss the potential of SNO to constraint the four-neutrino mixing schemes favoured by the results of all neutrino oscillations experiments. These schemes allow simultaneous transitions of solar $\nu_e's$ into active $\nu_\mu$'s, $\nu_\tau$'s and sterile $\nu_s$ controlled by the additional parameter $\cos^2(\vartheta_{23}) \cos^2(\vartheta_{24})$ and they contain as limiting cases the pure $\nu_e$-active and $\nu_e$-sterile neutrino oscillations. We first obtain the solutions allowed by the existing data in the framework of the BP00 standard solar model and quantify the corresponding predictions for the CC and the NC/CC event ratios at SNO for the different allowed regions as a functio…

Global three-neutrino oscillation analysis of neutrino data

2001

A global analysis of the solar, atmospheric and reactor neutrino data is presented in terms of three-neutrino oscillations. We include the most recent solar neutrino rates of Homestake, SAGE, GALLEX and GNO, as well as the recent 1117 day Super-Kamiokande data sample, including the recoil electron energy spectrum both for day and night periods and we treat in a unified way the full parameter space for oscillations, correctly accounting for the transition from the matter enhanced (MSW) to the vacuum oscillations regime. Likewise, we include in our description conversions with $\theta_{12} > \pi/4$. For the atmospheric data we perform our analysis of the contained events and the upward-going …

Phenomenology of maximal and near-maximal lepton mixing

2000

We study the phenomenological consequences of maximal and near-maximal mixing of the electron neutrino with other ($x$=tau and/or muon) neutrinos. We describe the deviations from maximal mixing in terms of a parameter $\epsilon\equiv1-2\sin^2\theta_{ex}$ and quantify the present experimental status for $|\epsilon|<0.3$. We find that the global analysis of solar neutrino data allows maximal mixing with confidence level better than 99% for $10^{-8}$ eV$^2\lsim\Delta m^2\lsim2\times10^{-7}$ eV$^2$. In the mass ranges $\Delta m^2\gsim 1.5\times10^{-5}$ eV$^2$ and $4\times10^{-10}$ eV$^2\lsim\Delta m^2\lsim2\times10^{-7}$ eV$^2$ the full interval $|\epsilon|<0.3$ is allowed within 4$\sigma$(99.9…

Why does placing the question before an arithmetic word problem improve performance. A situation model account.

2007

The aim of this paper is to investigate the controversial issue of the nature of the representation constructed by individuals to solve arithmetic word problems. More precisely, we consider the relevance of two different theories: the situation or mental model theory (Johnson-Laird, 1983; Reusser, 1989) and the schema theory (Kintsch &amp; Greeno, 1985; Riley, Greeno, &amp; Heller, 1983). Fourth-graders who differed in their mathematical skills were presented with problems that varied in difficulty and with the question either before or after the text. We obtained the classic effect of the position of the question, with better performance when the question was presented prior to the text. …

Learning nonadjacent dependencies : No need for algebraic-like computations.

2004

Is it possible to learn the relation between 2 nonadjacent events? M. Pena, L. L. Bonatti, M. Nespor, and J. Mehler (2002) claimed this to be possible, but only in conditions suggesting the involvement of algebraic-like computations. The present article reports simulation studies and experimental data showing that the observations on which Pena et al. grounded their reasoning were flawed by deep methodological inadequacies. When the invalid data are set aside, the available evidence fits exactly with the predictions of a theory relying on ubiquitous associative mechanisms. Because nonadjacent dependencies are frequent in natural language, this reappraisal has far-reaching implications for t…

Known knowns and known unknowns on behavior change interventions and mechanisms of action.

2020

Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of research play an important role in summarizing current knowledge on the efficacy of the behavior change techniques and mechanisms of action that comprise behavioral interventions. The current reviews in the science of behavior change (SOBC) special issue represent a ‘step change’ in evaluating current evidence on behavior change interventions and mechanisms. This concluding article outlines the key findings and emerging issues identified in the reviews (‘known knowns’), and summarizes the evidence gaps highlighted by the reviews that need to be addressed in future research (‘known unknowns’). Specifically, findings of the reviews indicate that: tests …

Umani ed esistenti: somiglianze e distinzioni di carattere ontologico

2021

Review of Ph. Descola, Oltre natura e cultura, Raffaello Cortina, Milano, 2021

Social cognition theories and behavior change in COVID-19: A conceptual review.

2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has had unprecedented health, economic, and social consequences worldwide. Although contact reductions and wearing face coverings have reduced infection rates, and vaccines have reduced illness severity, emergence of new variants of the coronavirus that causes COVID-19, and the shift from pandemic to endemic patterns of infection, highlights the importance of ongoing preventive behavior adherence to manage future outbreaks. Research applying social cognition theories may assist in explaining variance in these behaviors and inform the development of efficacious behavior change interventions to promote adherence. In the present article, we summarize research applying the…

Ritualized Mobile Communication: A Micro-sociological Approach

2019

Toward a Sociology of EU Politics

2018

In this chapter, the author discusses some of the intellectual tools that sociology can mobilize in the analysis of European Union (EU) politics, and then follows with a closer investigation of some sociological research. To illustrate EU politics, this chapter concentrates on the European Parliament, the most democratic European institution. The author contrasts the sociological approach and its advantages with more traditional research in political science and international relations. European integration has provided new objects of analysis for sociologists. Some focus on the EU as a new polity. Others have developed a more specific approach that has been labeled structural constructivis…