Search results for "Luminance"

showing 10 items of 76 documents

Context-dependent coloration of prey and predator decision making in contrasting light environments

2022

A big question in behavioral ecology is what drives diversity of color signals. One possible explanation is that environmental conditions, such as light environment, may alter visual signaling of prey, which could affect predator decision-making. Here, we tested the context-dependent predator selection on prey coloration. In the first experiment, we tested detectability of artificial visual stimuli to blue tits (Cyanistes caeruleus) by manipulating stimulus luminance and chromatic context of the background. We expected the presence of the chromatic context to facilitate faster target detection. As expected, blue tits found targets on chromatic yellow background faster than on achromatic gre…

0106 biological sciencescognitionvaroitusväriRECEIVER PSYCHOLOGYAVOIDANCEContext (language use)Biologypsychology010603 evolutionary biology01 natural scienceseläinten käyttäytyminentäpläsiilikäsPredation03 medical and health sciencesreceptor-noise-limited modelPredatorsinitiainenEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematics030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesSENSORY DRIVEEcologybehaviorMOTH15. Life on landLUMINANCEnäköPOLYMORPHISMsaalistusVISIONBIRDcolor vision1181 Ecology evolutionary biologyAnimal Science and ZoologyWARNING SIGNALSsignal
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Colour and luminance contrasts predict the human detection of natural stimuli in complex visual environments.

2017

Much of what we know about human colour perception has come from psychophysical studies conducted in tightly-controlled laboratory settings. An enduring challenge, however, lies in extrapolating this knowledge to the noisy conditions that characterize our actual visual experience. Here we combine statistical models of visual perception with empirical data to explore how chromatic (hue/saturation) and achromatic (luminant) information underpins the detection and classification of stimuli in a complex forest environment. The data best support a simple linear model of stimulus detection as an additive function of both luminance and saturation contrast. The strength of each predictor is modest …

0106 biological sciencesvisionVisual perceptiongenetic structuresmedia_common.quotation_subjectColorBiologyperception010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesLuminance050105 experimental psychologyPerceptionPsychophysicsPsychophysicsHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesChromatic scalehumanSensory cueHuemedia_commonEvolutionary Biology05 social sciencesContrast (statistics)Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous)sensory ecologyVisual Perceptionta1181CuesGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesCognitive psychologyBiology letters
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Luminance Information Is Required for the Accurate Estimation of Contrast in Rapidly Changing Visual Contexts.

2020

Summary Visual perception scales with changes in the visual stimulus, or contrast, irrespective of background illumination. However, visual perception is challenged when adaptation is not fast enough to deal with sudden declines in overall illumination, for example, when gaze follows a moving object from bright sunlight into a shaded area. Here, we show that the visual system of the fly employs a solution by propagating a corrective luminance-sensitive signal. We use in vivo 2-photon imaging and behavioral analyses to demonstrate that distinct OFF-pathway inputs encode contrast and luminance. Predictions of contrast-sensitive neuronal responses show that contrast information alone cannot ex…

0301 basic medicineVisual perceptiongenetic structuresAccurate estimationFeature extractionStimulus (physiology)BiologyLuminanceGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyVisual processingContrast Sensitivity03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineAnimalsComputer visionbusiness.industryGaze030104 developmental biologyDrosophila melanogasterPattern Recognition VisualVisual Perceptionsense organsArtificial intelligenceGeneral Agricultural and Biological Sciencesbusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryPhotic StimulationCurrent biology : CB
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Which Attribute of Ceiling Color Influences Perceived Room Height?

2018

Objective:We investigate effects of the hue, saturation, and luminance of ceiling color on the perceived height of interior spaces.Background:Previous studies have reported that the perceived height of an interior space is influenced by the luminance of the ceiling, but not by the luminance contrast between ceiling and walls: brighter ceilings appeared higher than darker ceilings, irrespective of wall and floor luminance. However, these studies used solely achromatic colors. We report an experiment in which we extend these findings to effects of chromatic ceiling colors.Methods:We presented stereoscopic room simulations on a head-mounted display (Oculus Rift DK2) and varied hue (red, green,…

AdultBrightnessbusiness.industry05 social sciencesHuman Factors and ErgonomicsCeiling (cloud)Luminance050105 experimental psychologyContrast Sensitivity03 medical and health sciencesBehavioral Neuroscience0302 clinical medicineOpticsHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesInterior spacebusinessColor PerceptionSize Perception030217 neurology & neurosurgeryApplied PsychologyMathematicsHueHuman Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society
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Influence of the luminance level on visual performance with a disposable soft cosmetic tinted contact lens.

2001

The purpose of the present work was to study the effect on visual performance of wearing disposable soft tinted contact lenses for cosmetic purposes. Parameters such as contrast sensitivity (Vistech 6000), colour vision (Farnsworth-Munsell 100-Hue colour test), visual fields (static Goldmann perimetry) and subjective vision (what the wearer feels while wearing the lenses) were studied under different illumination levels in order to check for possible vision losses while wearing these contact lenses at low illumination levels. Sixteen emmetropic subjects were fitted consecutively with seven pairs of different colour lenses (Optima Colors lenses by BauschLomb), and the experimental parameters…

AdultGoldmann perimetryAdolescentmedia_common.quotation_subjectColour VisionEmmetropiaColorContact Lenses HydrophilicLuminanceSensory SystemsContact lensContrast SensitivityOphthalmologyContrast (vision)OptometryHumansVisual Field TestsVisual FieldsColor PerceptionLightingVision OcularOptometryMathematicsmedia_commonOphthalmicphysiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)
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Colour Constancy in Goldfish and Man: Influence of Surround Size and Lightness

2002

Colour constancy was investigated by using a series of 10 simultaneously presented surface colours ranging in small steps from green through gray to red – purple. Goldfish were trained to select one medium test field when the entire setup was illuminated with white light. In the tests, either red or green illumination was used. Colour constancy, as inferred from the choice behaviour, was perfect under green illumination when the test fields were presented on a gray or a white background, but imperfect on a black background. Under red illumination and a white background, however, colour constancy was overcompensated. Here, a colour contrast effect was observed. The influence of background l…

AdultMaleExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyLuminance050105 experimental psychologyContrast Sensitivity03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOpticsArtificial IntelligenceGoldfishPsychophysicsCarassius auratusWhite lightAnimalsHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesMathematicsColor constancybusiness.industry05 social sciencesSensory SystemsOphthalmologyFemaleColour contrastbusinessColor PerceptionPhotic Stimulation030217 neurology & neurosurgeryPerception
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Effect of luminance on photopic visual acuity in the presence of laser speckle

1988

Visual acuity in coherent and incoherent light has been determined by using square-wave gratings of 100% contrast. Luminance was varied from 3 to 400 cd/m2. Coherent illumination resulted in a 40% loss of visual acuity. This is probably due to the masking effect of coherent spatial noise (speckle). However, the most interesting finding is the change in shape of the photopic visual-acuity-luminance function. With coherent illumination, the function is vertically displaced and of a different gradient. An increase in luminance produces a decrease in visual acuity. This indicates that the masking effect of the speckle is dependent on luminance. Two observers were used, and similar results were …

AdultMaleMasking (art)Visual acuityLightgenetic structuresmedia_common.quotation_subjectVisual AcuityLuminanceSpeckle patternOpticsmedicineHumansContrast (vision)media_commonPhysicsbusiness.industryLasersAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsFemaleComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionSpeckle imagingSpatial frequencymedicine.symptombusinessPhotopic visionJournal of the Optical Society of America A
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A Supramolecularly-Caged Ionic Iridium(III) Complex Yielding Bright and Very Stable Solid-State Light-Emitting Electrochemical Cells

2008

A new iridium(III) complex showing intramolecular interligand pi-stacking has been synthesized and used to improve the stability of single-component, solid-state light-emitting electrochemical cell (LEC) devices. The pi-stacking results in the formation of a very stable supramolecularly caged complex. LECs using this complex show extraordinary stabilities (estimated lifetime of 600 h) and luminance values (average luminance of 230 cd m-2) indicating the path toward stable ionic complexes for use in LECs reaching stabilities required for practical applications.

Analytical chemistrySolid-statechemistry.chemical_elementIonic bondingGeneral ChemistryPhotochemistryBiochemistryLuminanceCatalysisElectrochemical cellColloid and Surface ChemistrychemistryIntramolecular forceIridiumJournal of the American Chemical Society
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Methods to Evaluate Lighting Quality in Educational Environments

2015

Abstract The current standard for lighting of indoor work places (EN 12464-1) essentially prescribes values of photometric quantities (illuminance, Unified Glare Index, etc.); therefore it does not allow a comprehensive analysis of the luminous environment. In Italy, educational buildings do not always comply with the standard requirements for lighting. Therefore an analysis of their current state is needed and this paper illustrates two methods, developed by the authors, to carry out this investigation: the former is based on the analysis of luminance maps obtained through the HDR imaging technique whereas the latter focuses on the evaluation of non-visual effects of light.

Architectural engineeringNon-visual responseComputer sciencemedia_common.quotation_subjecteducational environmentsLighting qualityGlare (vision)IlluminanceLuminancenon-visual responsesEnergy (all)Energy(all)Work (electrical)HDR imagingDaylightDaylightQuality (business)Imaging techniqueEducational environmentSmart lightingdaylight.Simulationmedia_commonEnergy Procedia
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Radio and gamma-ray properties of extragalactic jets from the TANAMI sample

2016

Using high-resolution radio imaging with VLBI techniques, the TANAMI program has been observing the parsec-scale radio jets of southern (declination south of -30{\deg}) gamma-ray bright AGN simultaneously with Fermi/LAT monitoring of their gamma-ray emission. We present the radio and gamma-ray properties of the TANAMI sources based on one year of contemporaneous TANAMI and Fermi/LAT data. A large fraction (72%) of the TANAMI sample can be associated with bright gamma-ray sources for this time range. Association rates differ for different optical classes with all BL Lacs, 76% of quasars and just 17% of galaxies detected by the LAT. Upper limits were established on the gamma-ray flux from TAN…

AstrofísicaBrightnessCosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesAstronomyAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysics01 natural sciencesDeclinationRadio continuum: galaxies0103 physical sciencesVery-long-baseline interferometryGalaxies; Interferometry; Luminance; Radio astronomy; Temperature Galaxies : active; Galaxies: nuclei; Galaxies:jets; Gamma rays: galaxies; Radio continuum: galaxies Gamma rays; Galaxies: active; Galaxies: jets; Galaxies: nuclei; Gamma rays: galaxies; Radio continuum: galaxiesRadio astronomyBlazar010303 astronomy & astrophysicsAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsGalaxies: nuclei0105 earth and related environmental sciencesHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)PhysicsGalaxies : activeGalaxies:jetsGamma raysTemperatureGamma rayAstronomy and AstrophysicsQuasarGalaxies: activeGalaxiesGalaxyGamma rays: galaxiesInterferometryLuminanceGalaxies: jetsSpace and Planetary ScienceAstronomiaComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSINGAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic AstrophysicsFermi Gamma-ray Space TelescopeAstronomy & Astrophysics
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