Search results for "Lung neoplasms"

O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase activity and sensitivity to cyclophosphamide and cisplatin in human lung tumor xenografts

1998

The DNA repair protein O6-methylguanine-DNA methyl-transferase (MGMT) is a main determinant of resistance of cells to the cytostatic effects of O6-alkylguanine-generating alkylating agents. The purpose of our study was to assay MGMT activity in cells of lung cancers and to correlate MGMT levels with chemotherapy response to cyclophosphamide (CTX) and cisplatin (DDP). MGMT levels were determined in 14 human lung tumor xenografts. There was a wide variation of MGMT expression in these tumors, ranging from 10 to 984 fmol/mg protein. There was also a wide range in the sensitivity of the xenografts to CTX and DDP, as measured by specific growth delay. When the MGMT levels of the different xenogr…

Cathepsin D expression levels in nongynecological solid tumors: clinical and therapeutic implications.

2004

Cathepsin D is a lysosomal acid proteinase which is involved in the malignant progression of breast cancer and other gynecological tumors. Clinical investigations have shown that in breast cancer patients cathepsin D overexpression was significantly correlated with a shorter free-time disease and overall survival, whereas in patients with ovarian or endometrial cancer this phenomenon was associated with tumor aggressiveness and a degree of chemoresistance to various antitumor drugs such as anthracyclines, cis-platinum and vinca alkaloids. Therefore, a lot of research has been undertaken to evaluate the role and the prognostic value of cathepsin D also in other solid neoplasms. However, conf…

Cytoskeletal differences between human neuroendocrine tumors: A cytoskeletal protein of molecular weight 46,000 distinguishes cutaneous from pulmonar…

1985

The cytoskeletons of various human neuroendocrine (NE) tumors were analyzed immunohistochemically using antibodies against intermediate-filament (IF) proteins as well as by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of proteins from microdissected tissue samples. All of the tumors studied were found to contain cytokeratin filaments and are therefore referred to as 'NE tumors of the epithelial type'. In addition, neurofilaments were found in most cutaneous and some pulmonary NE tumors, as well as in medullary carcinomas of the thyroid and in pancreatic islet cell tumors. The neurofilament staining was frequently concentrated in cytoplasmic IF aggregates. Gel-electrophoretic analyses showed that all…

Improved inter-observer agreement of an expert review panel in an oncology treatment trial--Insights from a structured interventional process.

2015

Abstract Purpose Oncologic imaging is a key for successful cancer treatment. While the quality assurance (QA) of image acquisition protocols has already been focussed, QA of reading and reporting offers still room for improvement. The latter was addressed in the context of a prospective multicentre trial on fluoro-deoxyglucose (FDG)–positron-emission tomography (PET)/CT-based chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Material and methods An expert panel was prospectively installed performing blinded reviews of mediastinal NSCLC involvement in FDG–PET/CT. Due to a high initial reporting inter-observer disagreement, the independent data monitoring committee (I…

Phase II study of mitomycin C, etoposide and vindesine in metastatic stage IV non-small-cell lung cancer.

1991

A total of 72 patients with metastatic stage IV non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were treated with combination chemotherapy comprising the MEV regimen (mitomycin C, 8 mg/m2 given i. v. on day 1; etoposide, 100 mg/m2 given i.v. on days 1–3; and vindesine, 3 mg/m2 given i.v. on day 1; treatment repeated every 3 weeks). In 64 evaluable patients, the objective response rate was 37% (complete responses, 4.7%; partial responses, 32.3%). The median survival was 7.6 months for all patients. The treatment was very well tolerated. MEV proved to be an active and non-toxic regimen for the treatment of metastatic NSCLC.

Hypoxia-induced epithelial VEGF-C/VEGFR-3 upregulation in carcinoma cell lines

2008

Adaptation to hypoxia, a universal hallmark of carcinomas, is a critical step for tumor cell survival and growth. One of the principal regulators of hypoxia-responsive pathways is the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha). Currently, it is known that tumoral production of members of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-family (VEGFs) may promote tumor growth and progression by acting on carcinoma cells that express the cognate receptors (VEGFRs). However, the influence of hypoxia in the formation of such a tumoral VEGF/VEGFR loop is not completely understood. In the present study we examined the potential existence of a HIF-1 alpha/VEGF/VEGFR autocrine…

Wider implications of video-assisted thoracic surgery versus open approach for lung metastasectomy

2015

ABSTRACT  Lung metastasectomy is considered a safe and potentially curative procedure despite there is not a strong evidence that metastasectomy prolongs long-term survival in patients with lung metastases. Moreover, the debate is open regarding the best approach for lung metastasectomy, video-assisted thoracic surgery versus open approach. A systematic review of literature to clarify what is the best approach to prolong survival in patients with lung metastases was performed. Our study confirms that overall survival is equivalent for video-assisted thoracic surgery and thoracotomy, therefore the ‘gold standard’ surgical treatment for lung metastases remains a point of debate. The choice o…

Treatment of Stage III-IV Non-Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma with Vinorelbine in Combination with Ifosfamide plus MESNA: A Study by the Southern Italy Onc…

1996

Thirty-five patients affected by stage III-IV non-small-cell lung carcinomas were treated with ifosfamide 3 gr/m2 plus MESNA as uroprotector on day 1 and vinorelbine 25 mg/m2 i.v. bolus on day 1 and 8. This cycle was repeated every 21 days. Over a total of 35 evaluable patients, the overall response rate was 34% (95% CL 18-54%). One patient experienced a complete response with a duration of 7.2+ months, and 11 patients a partial response with a mean duration of 5.9+ months. Seven patients had no change and 16 improved. The overall survival was 7.6+ months. Over a total of 145 cycles, the most frequent toxicity was myelosuppression, but grade 3 leukopenia and grade 2 thrombocytopenia were se…

A bug in the resistance to EGFR inhibitors: is there a role for Mycoplasma and cytidine deaminase in reducing the activity of osimertinib in lung can…

2021

Synaptophysin expressed in the bronchopulmonary tract: neuroendocrine cells, neuroepithelial bodies, and neuroendocrine neoplasms.

1987

Synaptophysin is an integral membrane glycoprotein with an Mr of 38,000 that occurs in the small, clear vesicles present in neuronal cells and tumors as well as in pancreatic islet cells and various neuroendocrine (NE) carcinomas. We found that synaptophysin is also expressed in normal NE cells of the lungs of newborn rabbits and mice as well as of human fetuses. In bronchial ganglion cells and in nerves, synaptophysin is coexpressed with neurofilament proteins (NFPs), whereas in solitary NE cells and in at least some of the neuroepithelial bodies (NEBs) of the bronchial mucosal lining, synaptophysin coexists with cytokeratins. We also studied a series of NE neoplasms of the lung covering t…