Search results for "Lung"

BRAF as a positive predictive biomarker: Focus on lung cancer and melanoma patients

2020

In the era of personalized medicine, BRAF mutational assessment is mandatory in advanced-stage melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. The identification of actionable mutations is crucial for the adequate management of these patients. To date various drugs have been implemented in clinical practice. Similarly, various methods may be adopted for the identification of BRAF mutations. Here, we briefly review the current literature on BRAF in melanoma and NSCLC, focusing attention in particular on the different methods and drugs adopted in these patients. In addition, an overview of the real-world practice in different Italian laboratories with high expertise in molecular pre…

Exosomes in lung cancer liquid biopsies: Two sides of the same coin?

2017

LETTER TO EDITOR

Conventional and semi-automatic histopathological analysis of tumor cell content for multigene sequencing of lung adenocarcinoma

2021

BACKGROUND: Targeted genetic profiling of tissue samples is paramount to detect druggable genetic aberrations in patients with non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Accurate upfront estimation of tumor cell content (TCC) is a crucial pre-analytical step for reliable testing and to avoid false-negative results. As of now, TCC is usually estimated on hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) stained tissue sections by a pathologist, a methodology that may be prone to substantial intra- and interobserver variability. Here we the investigate suitability of digital pathology for TCC estimation in a clinical setting by evaluating the concordance between semi-automatic and conventional TCC quantification…

2020

Exosomes are nanovesicles released by all cells that can be found in the blood. A key point for their use as potential biomarkers in cancer is to differentiate tumour-derived exosomes from other circulating nanovesicles. Heat shock protein-70 (HSP70) has been shown to be abundantly expressed by cancer cells and to be associated with bad prognosis. We previously showed that exosomes derived from cancer cells carried HSP70 in the membrane while those from non-cancerous cells did not. In this work, we opened a prospective clinical pilot study including breast and lung cancer patients to determine whether it was possible to detect and quantify HSP70 exosomes in the blood of patients with solid …

Is there any room for PD-1 inhibitors in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy as frontline treatment of extensive-stage small cell lung cance…

2021

Background: The addition of PD-L1 inhibitors to platinum-based chemotherapy (CT) has newly received United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval in extensive stage-small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). PD-1 agents similarly improved survival rates, even if not yet supported by international regulatory agencies. The current work aims to assess different efficacy and safety profiles among chemoimmunotherapy plus immuno-oncology (CT+IO) approaches according to different immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) subtypes. Material & Methods: We included in our meta-analysis six first-line randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the association of single-agent ICI with CT versus CT al…

Immune-checkpoint inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer: A tool to improve patients’ selection

2018

The identification of reliable predictive biomarkers of efficacy or resistance to immune-oncology (I–O) agents is a major issue for translational research and clinical practice. However, along with PDL1 and molecular features other clinical, radiological and laboratory factors can be considered for the selection of those patients who would not be the best candidate for immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICPIs). We examined these factors, emerging from the results of currently available studies in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), aiming to provide a useful and manageable tool which can help Oncologists in their everyday clinical practice. A thorough patient evaluation and close clinical monito…

CD5 and CD6 as immunoregulatory biomarkers in non-small cell lung cancer

2020

Background: The study of immune surveillance in the tumour microenvironment is leading to the development of new biomarkers and therapies. The present research focuses on the expression of CD5 and CD6-two lymphocyte surface markers involved in the fine tuning of TCR signaling-as potential prognostic biomarkers in resectable stages of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).; Methods: CD5 and CD6 gene expression was analysed by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RTqPCR) in 186 paired fresh frozen tumour and normal tissue samples of resected NSCLC.; Results: Patients with higher CD5 expression had significantly increased overall survival (OS, 49.63 vs. 99.90 months, P=0.…

Impact of DLK1-DIO3 imprinted cluster hypomethylation in smoker patients with lung cancer.

2018

// Sonia Molina-Pinelo 1, 2 , Ana Salinas 1 , Nicolas Moreno-Mata 2 , Irene Ferrer 1, 2 , Rocio Suarez 1, 2 , Eduardo Andres-Leon 1 , Manuel Rodriguez-Paredes 4, 5 , Julian Gutekunst 4 , Eloisa Jantus-Lewintre 6, 7 , Carlos Camps 8, 9 , Amancio Carnero 1 , Luis Paz-Ares 1, 2 1 Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS) (HUVR, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla), Sevilla, Spain 2 Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Doce de Octubre & Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncologicas (CNIO), Madrid, Spain 3 Thoracic Surgery Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio, Sevilla, Spain 4 Division of Epigenetics, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany…

MicroRNA profiling associated with non-small cell lung cancer: next generation sequencing detection, experimental validation, and prognostic value

2017

[EN] Background: The average five-year survival for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients is approximately 15%. Emerging evidence indicates that microRNAs (miRNAs) constitute a new class of gene regulators in humans that may play an important role in tumorigenesis. Hence, there is growing interest in studying their role as possible new biomarkers whose expression is aberrant in cancer. Therefore, in this study we identified dysregulated miRNAs by next generation sequencing (NGS) and analyzed their prognostic value. Methods: Sequencing by oligo ligation detection technology was used to identify dysregulated miRNAs in a training cohort comprising paired tumor/normal tissue samples (N = …

CXC chemokine ligand 4 (CXCL4) is predictor of tumour angiogenic activity and prognostic biomarker in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients und…

2016

AbstractObjective: To evaluate the association of CXC chemokine ligand 4 (CXCL4) plasma levels with tumour angiogenesis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to assess association of CXCL4 with clinical outcomes.Patients and methods: Fifty patients with early stage NSCLC who underwent pulmonary resection. CXCL4 levels were analysed by ELISA. Angiogenesis was assessed by immunohistochemistry, and microvessel density (MVD) count.Results: There was positive correlation between MVD and CXCL4 levels. Patients with higher CXCL4 levels had worse overall and disease-free survival.Conclusions: Plasma levels of CXCL4 are associated with tumour vascularity. Increased CXCL4 levels in NSCLC patients…