Search results for "Lung"
showing 10 items of 2389 documents
[Environment and health in Gela (Sicily): present knowledge and prospects for future studies]-Indoor air quality: an environmental and health priority
2009
The study area includes the Municipalities of Gela, Niscemi and Butera located in the South of Sicily, Italy. In 1990 it was declared Area at High Risk of Environmental Crisis. In 2000 part of it was designated as Gela Reclamation Site of National Interest, RSNI. The site includes a private industrial area, public and marine areas, for a total of 51 km(2). Gela populationin 2008 was 77,145 (54,774 in 1961). Sea level:46 m. Total area: 276 km(2). Grid reference: 37 degrees 4' 0" N, 14 degrees 15' 0" E. Niscemi and Butera are located border to Gela. Populations are respectively 26,541 and 5,063. Sea level respectively: 332 m and 402 m. Close to the city of Gela, the industrial area, operating…
Expression of the Sonic Hedgehog Embryonic Signalling Pathway Components in Matched Pre-Treatment and Relapsed Small Cell Lung Cancer Biopsies
2021
Abstract Cancer stem cells may be responsible for tumour regrowth and acquisition of resistance in small cell lung cancer (SCLC). The Hedgehog pathway regulates survival and proliferation of tissue progenitor and stem cell populations, promoting the expression of stem cell related and proliferative genes. We evaluated the Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) embryonic signalling pathway in relapsed SCLC. Expression levels of Shh related genes GLI1, SMO, SUFU, PTCH1, HHIP, BCL2, BMI, ZEB1, ZEB2, N-MYC, Twist1 were analysed by qRT-PCR in matched pre-treatment and relapsed tumour fresh frozen biopsies of three SCLC patients. Expression of each gene was compared using the paired samples t-test, as well as comp…
Identification of predictive biomarkers for the efficacy of nivolumab in patients with advanced non-small cell cancer.
2019
The recent introduction of immunotherapy has disrupted the management of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Nivolumab, an antibody targeting the immune checkpoint inhibitor PD-1, has shown remarkable results in seconde-line setting after failure of standard first-line chemotherapy. However, only a quarter of patients benefits from this therapy. To date, no predictive biomarker of the therapeutic efficacy of nivolumab has been identified in a clear and consensual manner. The research for predictive biomarkers of efficacy or resistance to this treatment is, therefore, a major challenge.The emergence of high-throughput sequencing over the past decade has had a significant impact on clinical a…
Next generation diagnostic algorithm in non-small cell lung cancer predictive molecular pathology: The KWAY Italian multicenter cost evaluation study
2022
Abstract Aims The KWAY project aims to investigate the economic sustainability of the up-front NGS technologies adoption in the analysis of clinically relevant molecular alterations in NSCLC patients. Methods The diagnostic workflow and the related sustained costs of five Italian referral centers were assessed in four different evolving scenarios were analyzed. For each scenario, two alternative testing strategies were evaluated: the Maximized Standard strategy and the Maximized NGS strategy. Results For each center, the robustness of obtained results was verified through a deterministic sensitivity analysis, observing the variation of total costs based on a variation of ±20 % of the input …
CT-Densitometrie zur Analyse der statischen Druckvolumenkurve der Lunge bei experimentell induziertem Lungenschaden
2005
Purpose: To study quantitative changes of lung density distributions when recording in- and expiratory static pressure-volume curves by single slice computed tomography (CT). Materials und Methods: Static in- and expiratory pressure volume curves (0 to 1000ml, increments of 100ml) were obtained in random order in 10 pigs after induction of lung damage by saline lavage. Simultaneously, CT acquisitions (slice thickness 1 mm, temporal increment 2 s) were performed in a single slice (3 cm below the carina). In each CT image lung segmentation and planimetry of defined density ranges were achieved. The lung density ranges were defined as: hyperinflated (-1024 to -910 HU), normal aerated (-910 to …
Localizing the politics of privacy in communication and media research
2020
While previous communication and media research has largely focused on either studying privacy as personal boundary management or made efforts to investigate the structural (legal or economic) condition of privacy, we observe an emergent body of research on the political underpinnings of privacy linking both aspects. A pronounced understanding of the politics of privacy is however lacking. In this contribution, we set out to push this forward by mapping four communication and media perspectives on the political implications of privacy. In order to do so, we recur on Barry’s (2002) distinction of the political and the politics and outline linkages between individual and structural dimensions…
Lovastatin attenuates ionizing radiation-induced normal tissue damage in vivo.
2009
Abstract Background and purpose HMG-CoA-reductase inhibitors (statins) are widely used lipid-lowering drugs. Moreover, they have pleiotropic effects on cellular stress responses, proliferation and apoptosis in vitro . Here, we investigated whether lovastatin attenuates acute and subchronic ionizing radiation-induced normal tissue toxicity in vivo . Materials and methods Four hours to 24h after total body irradiation (6Gy) of Balb/c mice, acute pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic responses were analyzed. To comprise subchronic radiation toxicity, mice were irradiated twice with 2.5Gy and analyses were performed 3weeks after the first radiation treatment. Molecular markers of inflammation and f…
Dominant role of paraoxonases in inactivation of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum-sensing signal N-(3-oxododecanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone.
2008
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic bacterium which causes serious infections in immunocompromised and cystic fibrosis patients (10). As with many gram-negative bacteria, P. aeruginosa produces acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL) quorum-sensing (QS) signaling molecules termed autoinducers which allow the single-celled organisms to coordinate their actions (36). N-(3-Oxododecanoyl)-l-homoserine lactone (3OC12-HSL) is a key autoinducer synthesized by P. aeruginosa which regulates the expression of extracellular virulence factors and biofilm formation (5, 36). Rats and mice experimentally infected with P. aeruginosa mutants deficient in the ability to produce or respond to 3OC12-HSL exhibited…
Acute cytotoxicity and apoptotic effects after l-Pam exposure in different cocultures of the proximal and distal respiratory system.
2009
Abstract Sulphur and nitrogen mustard are strong alkylating agents which can cause after inhalation acute lung injury in the larynx, trachea and large bronchi and can lead to alveolar edema. In our study we tested the N-Lost l -Phenylalanine Mustard ( l -Pam). Therefore we seeded the alveolar type II cell line NCI H441 on the upper membrane of a Transwell filter plate and the endothelial cell line ISO-Has-1 on the lower side of the membrane for the alveolar model and combined the human bronchial explant-outgrowth cells and fibroblasts in the bronchial model and exposed both models with various concentrations of l -Pam. Treatment with l -Pam led to a concentration-dependent decrease of the t…
Integrated quantitative proteomic and transcriptomic analysis of lung tumor and control tissue: a lung cancer showcase
2015
Proteomics analysis of paired cancer and control tissue can be applied to investigate pathological processes in tumors. Advancements in data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry allow for highly reproducible quantitative analysis of complex proteomic patterns. Optimized sample preparation workflows enable integrative multi-omics studies from the same tissue specimens. We performed ion mobility enhanced, data-independent acquisition MS to characterize the proteome of 21 lung tumor tissues including adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) as compared to control lung tissues of the same patient each. Transcriptomic data were generated for the same specimens. The quantitative prot…