Search results for "Lung"
showing 10 items of 2389 documents
A method to enable the investigation of murine bronchial immune cells, their cytokines and mediators.
2007
Innovative therapies for severe lung diseases (such as allergic and chronic asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or any type of lung cancer) require a detailed understanding of the cellular and immune processes in the lung. This protocol details a method to obtain the immune cells of the bronchi as well as the cytokines and mediators produced by these cells for further investigation. The broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) is taken by injecting physiological solution through the tracheal tube into the murine airways and carefully regained by winding up the connected syringe. After centrifugation, the resulting BALF supernatant can be stored for detection of cytokines or other medi…
Local blockade of IL-6R signaling induces lung CD4+ T cell apoptosis in a murine model of asthma via regulatory T cells.
2007
We previously reported high levels of the soluble form of the IL-6R (sIL-6R) in the airways of asthmatic subjects. Here, we analyzed the IL-6R effects on Th2 cell survival in the lung by locally antagonizing sIL-6R-mediated trans-signaling with a designer fusion protein (gp130-Fc) as well as IL-6R signaling with an antibody against the gp80 unit of the IL-6R (alphaIL-6R) in a murine model of asthma after ovalbumin peptide (OVA) sensitization and challenge. Blockade of the sIL-6R led to a significant decrease in inflammatory cells by an apoptosis-independent mechanism. In contrast, local treatment with alphaIL-6R antibodies that also block signaling via the membrane-bound IL-6R (mIL-6R) led …
IL-2 receptor beta-chain signaling controls immunosuppressive CD4+ T cells in the draining lymph nodes and lung during allergic airway inflammation i…
2008
Abstract IL-2 influences both survival and differentiation of CD4+ T effector and regulatory T cells. We studied the effect of i.n. administration of Abs against the α- and the β-chains of the IL-2R in a murine model of allergic asthma. Blockade of the β- but not the α-chain of the IL-2R after allergen challenge led to a significant reduction of airway hyperresponsiveness. Although both treatments led to reduction of lung inflammation, IL-2 signaling, STAT-5 phosphorylation, and Th2-type cytokine production (IL-4 and IL-5) by lung T cells, IL-13 production and CD4+ T cell survival were solely inhibited by the blockade of the IL-2R β-chain. Moreover, local blockade of the common IL-2R/IL-15R…
TLR4 and NOD1 increase in stable COPD of increasing severity. Relationship with tissutal bacterial load
2016
Background: The immune host response related to bacterial and viral infections in the airways and lung of COPD patients is unclear. Objectives: To investigate the expression of anti-bacterial and anti-viral antigens in bronchial biopsies and lung parenchyma of stable COPD patients in relation to bacterial load. Methods: Immunohistochemical (IHC) and qRT-PCR-expression of TLR2-3-4-7-8-9, NOD1, NOD2, MYD88, TRIF, TIRAP, pIRAK1, IRAK4, IRF3, pIRF3, IRF7, pIRF7, RIG1, MDA5, LGP2, MAVS, STING, DAI, IFNα and IFNβ was measured in bronchial mucosa in patients with mild/moderate (n=16), severe/very severe (n=18) stable COPD, control smokers (n=12) and control non-smokers (n=12). Selected relevant an…
Design and evaluation of a 32-channel phased-array coil for lung imaging with hyperpolarized 3-helium
2010
Imaging with hyperpolarized 3-helium is becoming an increasingly important technique for MRI diagnostics of the lung but is hampered by long breath holds (>20 sec), which are not always applicable in patients with severe lung disease like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or α-1-anti-trypsin deficiency. Additionally, oxygen-induced depolarization decay during the long breath holds complicates interpretation of functional data such as apparent diffusion coefficients. To address these issues, we describe and validate a 1.5-T, 32-channel array coil for accelerated 3He lung imaging and demonstrate its ability to speed up imaging 3He. A signal-to-noise ratio increase of up to a factor…
Cigarette smoke alters the EZH2/DAB2IP expression in bronchial epithelial cells. A risk factor for lung cancer in COPD patients
2016
Cigarette smoke is an environmental risk factor for COPD and Lung cancer, leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In cancer, enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) silenced disabled homolog 2 interacting protein gene (DAB2IP) (tumor-suppressor gene) bytri-methylation of lysine 27 on histone H3 (H3K27me3). We studied EZH2 and DAB2IP expression in airway epithelial cells from COPD patients and their potential involvement in the progression of COPD toward lung cancer. We assessed EZH2 and DAB2IPimmunoreactivity in bronchial epithelial cells from surgical specimens of COPD patients and healthy control subjects (HC) by immunohistochemistry. Bronchial epithelial cell line (16HBE), primar…
“Real-life” inhaled corticosteroid withdrawal in COPD: a subgroup analysis of DACCORD
2017
Claus Vogelmeier,1 Heinrich Worth,2 Roland Buhl,3 Carl-Peter Criée,4 Nadine S Lossi,5 Claudia Mailänder,5 Peter Kardos6 1Department of Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University Medical Center Giessen and Marburg, Philipps-University Marburg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Marburg, 2Facharzt Forum Fürth, Fürth, 3Pulmonary Department, Mainz University Hospital, Mainz, 4Department of Sleep and Respiratory Medicine, Evangelical Hospital Göttingen-Weende, Bovenden, 5Clinical Research, Respiratory, Novartis Pharma GmbH, Nürnberg, 6Group Practice and Centre for Allergy, Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Re…
LATE-BREAKING ABSTRACT: Anti-inflammatory effect of RP6557, a dual PI3K δ/γ inhibitor, in glucocorticoid insensitive human neutrophils from chronic o…
2015
Rationale: Glucocorticoid function is markedly impaired in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Class I PI3K enzymes play a key role in chronic lung inflammation of COPD patients. This study explored differential inhibitory effects of dexamethasone and RP6557, a dual PI3K δ/γ inhibitor, on inflammatory responses in human neutrophils from healthy and COPD patients. Methods: Peripheral blood neutrophils were isolated from COPD patients andhealthy subjects and pre-incubated with dexamethasone (DEX) or RP6557 for 1 h. Neutrophils were stimulated with 5% cigarette smoke extract (CSE) for 6 h. Supernatants were used to measure IL-8 while RNA from neutrophils was analyzed fo…
Once-daily QVA149 improves dyspnoea and health status compared with tiotropium plus formoterol in patients without ICS use: A post-hoc analysis of th…
2015
Rationale: The QUANTIFY study compared the approved dual bronchodilator QVA149 with the free-dose combination of tiotropium plus formoterol (TIO+FOR) regarding lung function, dyspnoea and health status in patients with moderate-to-severe COPD. This post-hoc analysis reported on the subgroup of pts without ICS background therapy. Methods: This blinded, triple-dummy 26-week study randomised patients to QVA149 110/50 µg OD or TIO 18 µg OD plus FOR 12 µg b.i.d. (1:1). ICS was allowed as background therapy. Endpoints included lung function (trough FEV1), dyspnoea (TDI) and health status (COPD Assessment Test, CAT). Results: Of the 934 pts randomised (QVA149 [N=476] or TIO+FOR [N=458]); 87.9% com…
Search for CP violation using T-odd correlations in D-0 -> K+K-pi(+)pi(-) decays
2014
A search for $CP$ violation using $T$-odd correlations is performed using the four-body $D^0 \to K^+K^-\pi^+\pi^-$ decay, selected from semileptonic $B$ decays. The data sample corresponds to integrated luminosities of $1.0\,\text{fb}^{-1}$ and $2.0\,\text{fb}^{-1}$ recorded at the centre-of-mass energies of 7 TeV and 8 TeV, respectively. The $CP$-violating asymmetry $a_{CP}^{T\text{-odd}}$ is measured to be $(0.18\pm 0.29\text{(stat)}\pm 0.04\text{(syst)})\%$. Searches for $CP$ violation in different regions of phase space of the four-body decay, and as a function of the $D^0$ decay time, are also presented. No significant deviation from the $CP$ conservation hypothesis is found.