Search results for "Lung"
showing 10 items of 2389 documents
2′O-galloylhyperin attenuates LPS-induced acute lung injury via up-regulation antioxidation and inhibition of inflammatory responses in vivo
2019
2'O-galloylhyperin, an active flavonol glycoside compound with remarkable anti-immune activity, was isolated from Pyrola [P. incarnata Fisch.]. However, the evidence of anti-inflammatory activity in pulmonary diseases was still not convincing. The aim of the present study was (1) to investigate the effect of 2'O-galloylhyperin on LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice, and (2) to identify the mechanisms of attenuation of inflammatory responses. The results demonstrated that 2'O-galloylhyperin significantly reduced LPS-induced inflammation damage in a dose-dependent manner. After LPS challenge, treatment with 2'O-galloylhyperin reduced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokin…
CD11c+ Alveolar Macrophages are a Source of IL-23 During Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury
2013
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a severe pulmonary disease causing high numbers of fatalities worldwide. Innate immune responses are an integral part of the pathophysiologic events during ALI. Interleukin 23 (IL-23) is a proinflammatory mediator known to direct the inflammatory responses in various settings of infection, autoimmunity, and cancer. Interleukin 23 has been associated with proliferation and effector functions in T(H)17 cells. Surprisingly, little is known about production of IL-23 during ALI. In this study, we found expression of mRNA for IL-23p19 to be 10-fold elevated in lung homogenates of C57BL/6 mice after lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI. Likewise, concentrations of IL-23 …
Cationic Proteins Inhibit l-Arginine Uptake in Rat Alveolar Macrophages and Tracheal Epithelial Cells
1999
Eosinophil-derived cationic proteins play an essential role in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma. We tested whether cationic proteins interfere with the cationic amino-acid transport in alveolar macrophages (AMPhi) and tracheal epithelial cells, and whether L-arginine-dependent pathways were affected. The effect of cationic polypeptides on cellular uptake of [(3)H]-L-arginine, nitrite accumulation, and the turnover of [(3)H]-L-arginine by nitric oxide (NO) synthase and arginase (formation of [(3)H]-L-citrulline and [(3)H]-L-ornithine, respectively) were studied. Poly-L-arginine reduced [(3)H]-L-arginine uptake in rat AMPhi and tracheal epithelial cells in a concentration-dependent manner…
LTB4 is present in exudative pleural effusions and contributes actively to neutrophil recruitment in the inflamed pleural space
2004
SUMMARY The pleural space is a virtual compartment between the lung and chest wall that becomes filled with fluid and inflammatory cells during a variety of respiratory diseases. Here, we study the potential role of the eicosanoid metabolite leukotriene B4 (LTB4) in disparate diseases leading to acute (pneumonia) or chronic (tuberculosis, cancer) inflammation of the pleural space. LTB4 concentrations were significantly higher in pleural fluid due to pneumonia, tuberculosis and cancer with respect to congestive heart failure and correlated with neutrophil elastase, which is used as an indication of state of activation of neutrophils in the pleural space. Moreover, pleural LTB4 was biological…
Overview of the pathology of three widely used animal models of acute lung injury
2007
Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are syndromes of acute diffuse damage to the pulmonary parenchyma by a variety of local or systemic insults. Increased alveolar capillary membrane permeability was recognized as the common end organ injury and a central feature in all forms of ALI/ARDS. Although great strides have been made in understanding the pathogenesis of ALI/ARDS and in intensive care medicine, the treatment approach to ARDS is still relying on ventilatory and cardiovascular support based on the recognition of the clinical picture. In the course of evaluating novel treatment approaches to ARDS, 3 models of ALI induced in different species, i.e. the…
Navigating the liquid biopsy Minimal Residual Disease (MRD) in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Making the Invisible Visible.
2022
Liquid biopsy has gained increasing interest in the growing era of precision medicine as minimally invasive technique. Recent findings demonstrated that detecting minimal or molecular residual disease (MRD) in NSCLC is a challenging matter of debate that need multidisciplinary competencies, avoiding the overtreatment risk along with achieving a significant survival improvement. This review aims to provide practical consideration for solving data interpretation questions about MRD in NSCLC thanks to the close cooperation between biologists and oncology clinicians. We discussed with a translational approach the critical point of view from benchside, bedside and bunchside to facilitate the fut…
Liver Fibrosis and Metabolic Alterations in Adults With alpha-1-antitrypsin Deficiency Caused by the Pi*ZZ Mutation
2019
Background & Aims Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is among the most common genetic disorders. Severe AATD is caused by a homozygous mutation in the SERPINA1 gene that encodes the Glu342Lys substitution (called the Pi*Z mutation, Pi*ZZ genotype). Pi*ZZ carriers may develop lung and liver diseases. Mutation-associated lung disorders have been well studied, but less is known about the effects in liver. We assessed the liver disease burden and associated features in adults with this form of AATD. Methods We collected data from 554 Pi*ZZ adults (403 in an exploratory cohort, 151 in a confirmatory cohort), in 9 European countries, with AATD who were homozygous for the Pi*Z mutation, and 234…
Coprology of Panthera tigris altaica and Felis bengalensis euptilurus from the Russian Far East
2007
Fecal samples from the Siberian tiger (Panthera tigris altaica) and the Amur cat (Felis bengalensis euptilurus) from Far Eastern Russia, were examined for parasites. A natural sedimentation methodology was used and a complete examination of all the sediment was performed. This fecal investigation allowed us to isolate and identify several developmental stages of gastrointestinal, hepatic, and respiratory parasites. Five parasites were found from P. t. altaica: 11 trematodes (Platynosomum fastosum) and 4 nematodes (Strongyloides sp., Ancylostomatidae, Toxascaris leonina, and Toxocara cati). Five parasites were found from F. b. euptilurus: 1 cestode (Diplopylidium sp.) and 4 nematodes (Trichu…
Zur Erinnerung an Julius Gustav Petersen, Livländischen Gouvernements-Procureur, geb. am 17. August 1806, gest. am 17. Mai 1844
1844
"von C.A. Berkholz, Oberpastor zu St. Jacob in Riga"
Materialien zur Kenntniss der livländischen Bauer-Verhältnisse: veröffentlicht von dem livländischen Landraths-Collegium
1883
Inhalt: Vorbemerkung... 5 Erster Abschnitt: Die agrare Entwickelurg Livlands... 7 I. Die Höhe der livländischen Bauerlandpachten... 8 II. Die Höhe des Kaufpreises der livländischen Bauerlandgesinde... 11 III. Das Verhältniss des verpachteten zum verkauften Bauerlande w 14 Zweiter Abschnitt: Die Organisation der Selbstverwaltung... 17 I. Die Selbstverwaltung... 17 II. Die livländische Volksschule... 21 III. Die Steuer-Verhältnisse... 25 IV. Die Agrar-Gesetzgebung... 35 Tabelle