Search results for "Lymphoblastic leukemia"
showing 10 items of 85 documents
Fetal growth and childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Findings from the childhood leukemia international consortium
2013
Positive associations have been reported between measures of accelerated fetal growth and risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We investigated this association by pooling individual-level data from 12 case-control studies participating in the Childhood Leukemia International Consortium. Two measures of fetal growth – weight-for-gestational-age and proportion of optimal birth weight (POBW) – were analysed. Study-specific odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using multivariable logistic regression, and combined in fixed effects meta-analyses. Pooled analyses of all data were also undertaken using multivariable logistic regression. Subgroup analy…
Molecular cytogenetics of childhood hematological malignancies
1998
Cytogenetic and molecular analyses are essential for the classification of childhood hematologic malignancies. Nearly all children with leukemia should have an adequate cytogenetic analysis which in 80-90% is expected to show clonal chromosomal abnormalities. Moreover, with the availability of appropriate gene probes and sophisticated molecular techniques, genetic rearrangements become detectable in the majority of leukemia patients. Genetic abnormalities often associate with particular clinical-biological characteristics of the disease. In ALL, for example, genetic alterations together with distinct immunologic and clinical features, define various subgroups. In AML, unique cytogenetic rea…
Predictive Factors for Outcome of First Allogeneic Transplant for Elderly Patients With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
2021
Abstract Introduction/Background: The treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in patients older than 70 is extremely challenging with dismal outcome. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloHCT) has seen many advancements in the last decades showing benefits in younger ALL patients, but this treatment modality is decreasingly used with increasing age due to high treatment-related mortality. Patients and Methods: We identified 84 ALL patients 70 to 84 years old allografted In 2002 to 2019 from a matched related (23%), unrelated (58%), haploidentical (17%), or cord blood (2%) donor at EBMT participating centers with a median follow-up of 23 months. Results: The 2-year relapse incide…
Italian registry of patients off therapy after childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Results after first phase of data collection
1986
The Italian Registry of Off-Therapy patients after childhood tumors now includes 760 subjects with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. These patients were all removed from treatment by December 31, 1981, and were followed in 35 different institutions. All the children have received multiple-drug treatment, combined, in 79.7% of the cases, with cranial irradiation. Thirty-nine (5%) experienced a relapse before treatment suspension. Total duration of antileukemic therapy ranges between 18 and 131 months (median, 38). At the last updating (December 31, 1981), 699 subjects were alive, 6 were lost to follow-up, and 55 had died. Life-table analysis shows that 90.8% were alive and 77% were alive in cont…
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Associated with Tumor Lysis Syndrome in a Child with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
2015
Tumor lysis syndrome is a serious and dangerous complication usually associated with antiblastic treatment in some malignancies characterized by high cell turn-over. Mild or severe electrolyte abnormalities including high serum levels of uric acid, potassium, phosphorus, creatinine, bun and reduction of calcium can be responsible for multi-organ failure, involving mostly kidneys, heart and central nervous system. Renal damage can be followed by acute renal failure, weight gain, progressive liver impairment, overproduction of cytokines, and subsequent maintenance of multi-organ damage. Life-threatening acute respiratory failure associated with tumor lysis syndrome is rare. We describe a chil…
Coping strategies and locus of control in childhood leukemia: a multi-center research
2015
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a very distressing experience for children and requires a special effort of adjustment. Therefore, it seems to be crucial to explore coping resources for the experienced risk condition. In this sense, the study focuses on coping strategies and locus of control in children with ALL during the treatment phase, and on their possible relation. The correlation between children and maternal coping strategies is also investigated. The participants involved were an experimental group of 40 children with ALL and their mothers, and 30 healthy children as the control group. The tools used were: the Child Behavioral Style Scale and the Monitor-Blunter Style Scale t…
Miltirone Induces G2/M Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in CCRF-CEM Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Cells
2015
Miltirone (1) is a diterpene quinone extracted from a well-known Chinese traditional herb (Salvia miltiorrhiza). We investigated the cytotoxic effects of miltirone toward sensitive and multidrug-resistant acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines. Miltirone inhibited multidrug-resistant P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-overexpressing CEM/ADR5000 cells better than drug-sensitive CCRF-CEM wild-type cells, a phenomenon termed collateral sensitivity. Flow cytometric analyses revealed that miltirone induced G2/M arrest and apoptosis. Furthermore, miltirone stimulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) disruption, which in turn induced DNA damage and activation…
Therapeutic afucosylated monoclonal antibody and bispecific T-cell engagers for T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
2021
BackgroundT-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive disease with a poor cure rate for relapsed/resistant patients. Due to the lack of T-cell restricted targetable antigens, effective immune-therapeutics are not presently available and the treatment of chemo-refractory T-ALL is still an unmet clinical need. To develop novel immune-therapy for T-ALL, we generated an afucosylated monoclonal antibody (mAb) (ahuUMG1) and two different bispecific T-cell engagers (BTCEs) against UMG1, a unique CD43-epitope highly and selectively expressed by T-ALL cells from pediatric and adult patients.MethodsUMG1 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) on a wide panel of normal t…
Both mature KIR+ and immature KIR- NK cells control pediatric acute B-cell precursor leukemia in NOD.Cg-Prkdcscid IL2rgtmWjl/Sz mice.
2014
Therapeutic natural killer (NK)-cell-mediated alloreactivity toward acute myeloid leukemia has largely been attributed to mismatches between killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) on NK cells and their ligands, HLA class I molecules, on target cells. While adult acute B-cell precursor leukemia (BCP-ALL) appears to be resistant to NK-cell-mediated lysis, recent data indicate that pediatric BCP-ALL might yet be a target of NK cells. In this study, we demonstrate in a donor-patient-specific NOD.Cg-Prkdc(scid) IL2rg(tmWjl)/Sz (NSG) xenotransplantation model that NK cells mediate considerable alloreactivity toward pediatric BCP-ALL in vivo. Notably, both adoptively transferred mature KIR(+)…
Targeting components of the alternative NHEJ pathway sensitizes KRAS mutant leukemic cells to chemotherapy.
2014
Abstract Activating KRAS mutations are detected in a substantial number of hematologic malignancies. In a murine T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) model, we previously showed that expression of oncogenic Kras induced a premalignant state accompanied with an arrest in T-cell differentiation and acquisition of somatic Notch1 mutations. These findings prompted us to investigate whether the expression of oncogenic KRAS directly affects DNA damage repair. Applying divergent, but complementary, genetic approaches, we demonstrate that the expression of KRAS mutants is associated with increased expression of DNA ligase 3α, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1), and X-ray repair cross-comp…