Search results for "MACRO"

showing 10 items of 3471 documents

Toll-like receptor-2 is essential in murine defenses against Candida albicans infections

2004

In this work, we studied the role of toll-like receptor-2 (TLR2) in murine defenses against Candida albicans. TLR2-deficient mice experimentally infected intraperitoneally (i.p.) or intravenously (i.v.) in vivo had very significant impaired survival compared with that of control mice. In vitro production of TNF-alpha and macrophage inhibitory protein-2 (MIP-2) by macrophages from TLR2-/- mice in response to yeasts and hyphae of C. albicans were significantly lower (80% and 40%, respectively; P <0.05) than production by macrophages from wild-type mice. This impaired production of TNF-alpha and MIP-2 probably contributed to the 41% decreased recruitment of neutrophils to the peritoneal cavity…

Chemokinemedicine.medical_treatmentPhagocytosisChemokine CXCL2ImmunologyHyphaeCell CountReceptors Cell SurfaceMicrobiologyMicrobiologyMicePhagocytosisIn vivoCandida albicansmedicineAnimalsMacrophageCandida albicansCells CulturedMice KnockoutToll-like receptorMembrane GlycoproteinsbiologyTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaToll-Like ReceptorsCandidiasisFlow Cytometrybiology.organism_classificationImmunity InnateToll-Like Receptor 2Corpus albicansMice Inbred C57BLDisease Models AnimalInfectious DiseasesCytokineMacrophages Peritonealbiology.proteinChemokinesReactive Oxygen SpeciesMicrobes and Infection
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Chemotherapy and Hepatic Steatosis: Impact on Postoperative Morbidity and Survival after Liver Resection for Colorectal Liver Metastases

2020

&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Hepatic steatosis and chemotherapy in the treatment of colorectal liver metastases (CLM) are often linked to increased mortality and morbidity after liver resection. This study evaluates the influence of macrovesicular hepatic steatosis and chemotherapeutic regimes on graded morbidity and mortality after liver resection for CLM. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; A total of 323 cases of liver resection for CLM were retrospectively analysed using univariable and multivariable linear, ordinal and Cox regression analyses. The resected liver tissue was re-evaluated by a single observer to determine the grade and type of hepatic steat…

Chemotherapymedicine.medical_specialtybusiness.industryProportional hazards modelColorectal cancermedicine.medical_treatmentGastroenterologymedicine.diseaseGastroenterologyOxaliplatinInternal medicineMedicineSurgerySteatosisRisk factorMacrovesicular hepatic steatosisbusinessPacked red blood cellsResearch Articlemedicine.drugVisceral Medicine
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Child protection in Europe: development of an international cross-comparison model to inform national policies and practices

2015

We report a five-nations project in comparative child protection to provide recommendations on policy and practice to inform the redevelopment of the Swiss child protection system. The Swiss Federal Government and the Optimus and Oak Foundations commissioned the project—collective title: Association Programme National pour la Protection de l'Enfant. We identify the historical developmental trajectories of child protection systems together with common drivers: the evidential basis for the prevalence and effects of child abuse, the co-joining of social and economic policies and practices to promote early investment in children, the influence of children's rights and comparative international …

Child abuseGovernmentEconomic growthHealth (social science)comparative social workinternational social workSocial workchild abusechild protectionta5142children and familiesInvestment (macroeconomics)Child protectionLeague tableRedevelopmentPolitical scienceSocial Sciences (miscellaneous)
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The Relationship Between Attachment and Psychopathy: A Study with a Sample of Violent Offenders

2014

This study used a mixed quantitative-qualitative methodology to investigate the relationship between attachment and psychopathy. The Psychopathy Checklist- Revised (PCL-R; Hare 2003) was administered to 139 Italian offenders who were convicted of violent crimes (murder, rape, child sexual abuse, armed robbery, assault causing bodily harm). First, we explored whether the two PCL-R items theoretically denoting devaluation of attachment bonds (promiscuous sexual behavior and many marital relationships) were able to predict PCL-R total, factor and facet scores. Subse- quently, we analyzed the transcripts of the 10 participants who obtained the highest PCL-R scores in the sample, assessing their…

Child abusePsychopathyPsychopathy.Attachment.Childabuse.Criminalbehavior.Mixed-methodtechnology industry and agricultureSample (statistics)macromolecular substancesmusculoskeletal systemmedicine.diseaseHarmFacet (psychology)Sexual behaviorChild sexual abuseAttachment theorymedicinePsychologySocial psychologyGeneral PsychologyClinical psychologyCurrent Psychology
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Chinese ‘Enormous Hospitality’ Versus Finnish ‘Meeting Among Friends’ : Guest-Host Positioning in China Finland Delegation Visits

2017

The importance of co-operation with China has been growing in Finland lately in view of interest to attract Chinese investments and the increasing importance of China on a global scale. Finland has established governmental agencies to aid Chinese investment and ensured the co-operation of regional and local governments in the framework activities, such as town twinning. An important part of investment facilitation and wider co-operation comprises delegation visits by both interested nations to the other country. These involve enterprise interest matchmaking events, meetings with officials, company visits, etc. Based on interview and observation data, this paper elaborates on how the phenome…

ChinaDelegationbusiness.industrymedia_common.quotation_subjectDeveloping countryPublic relationsInvestment (macroeconomics)Variety (cybernetics)Power (social and political)hostHospitalityScale (social sciences)positioningBusinessvierailutChinaFinlandmedia_commonguestvaltaviestintä
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Finnish–Chinese investment negotiation: power positioning and search for common ground

2018

This article explores what kind of a role ‘the rise of China’ plays in negotiation and searches for common ground between Finnish and Chinese representatives in the context of Chinese investment, t...

ChinaEconomics and EconometricsSociology and Political Sciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectContext (language use)kulttuurienvälinen viestintäpowerPower (social and political)negotiationSuomita518Chinata512kansainvälinen kauppaFinlandmedia_commonInternational investmentCommon groundneuvottelutInvestment (macroeconomics)ulkomaiset investoinnitNegotiationKiinainternational investmentPolitical Science and International RelationsBusinesscommon groundEconomic systemvaltaEconomic and Political Studies
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Catastrophic effects of sand mining on macroinvertebrates in a large shallow lake with implications for management

2019

Sand mining is a human activity that is increasing in inland waters and has profound effects on entire aquatic ecosystems. However, current knowledge of the effects of sand mining on freshwater lake ecosystems remains limited, especially for biotic communities. Here, we investigated the responses of macroinvertebrates to indiscriminate sand mining in a large shallow lake of China. Our results indicated that sand mining significantly increased the content of suspended particulate matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and chlorophyll a in the water column both in the sand mining area and the area adjacent to the dredging activities. While there was significantly lower total nitrogen and th…

ChinaEnvironmental Engineering010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencessand dredging010501 environmental sciencesmacroinvertebrate01 natural sciencesMiningSphaeriumDredgingWater columnparasitic diseasesEnvironmental ChemistryAnimalsWaste Management and DisposalEcosystem0105 earth and related environmental sciencesSand miningBiomass (ecology)biologykaivostoimintaEcologyAquatic ecosystemLake ecosystemvesiekosysteemitympäristönsuojeluBiodiversityselkärangattomatbiology.organism_classificationPollutionInvertebratesbiological traitsbiodiversiteettiekosysteemit (ekologia)LakesBenthic zonebiomonitoringEnvironmental scienceEnvironmental Monitoring
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Sesterterpenes and macrolide derivatives from the endophytic fungus Aplosporella javeedii.

2020

Abstract Five sesterterpenes (1–5) including two new compounds (1 and 2), as well as a new (6) and a known macrolide (7) were isolated from the endophytic fungus Aplosporella javeedii. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by analysis of their 1D and 2D NMR and HRMS data as well as by comparison with the literature. Compound 4 and its acetyl derivatives 4a, 4b, 4c which were prepared by acetylation of 4 exhibited moderate cytotoxicity against the mouse lymphoma cell line L5178Y with IC50 values ranging from 6.2 to 12.8 μM, respectively. Moreover, 4a and 4c exhibited also cytotoxicity against human leukemia (Jurkat J16) and lymphoma (Ramos) cell lines. Compound 7 showed strong …

ChinaStaphylococcus aureusSesterterpenesAntineoplastic AgentsApoptosismedicine.disease_cause01 natural sciencesJurkat cellsSesterterpenesMiceStructure-Activity RelationshipAscomycotaCell Line TumorDrug DiscoverymedicineEndophytesAnimalsHumansCytotoxicityPharmacologyMolecular Structure010405 organic chemistryChemistryGeneral MedicineMolecular biology0104 chemical sciencesAnti-Bacterial Agents010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistryStaphylococcus aureusCell cultureAcetylationBrassicaceaeMacrolidesAntibacterial activityTwo-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyFitoterapia
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Ligands P-stéréogéniques dérivés du calix[4]arène. Synthèses et applications en catalyse asymétrique

2010

We were interested in synthesis of P-stereogenic ligands derived from calix[4]arene and in their application in asymmetric catalysis. Mono et diphosphines were prepared on the upper rim of the macrocyle starting from the mono or dianion of the calix[4]arene and chlorophosphines borane or the oxazaphospholidine borane complex. The best selectivity was obtained by reaction of the dianion with the oxazaphospholidine borane complex leading to a bisaminophosphine borane. After acidolysis with HCl giving the corresponding bischlorophosphine and reaction with organolithium reagents, diphosphines diborane were obtained with good yields (40 à 60 %). X-ray structures of the prepared ligands confirmed…

Chiral ligandsStereoselective synthesisAsymetric Catalysis[ PHYS.COND.CM-GEN ] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other]Synthèses stéréosélectivesCalix[4]areneMacrocyclePhosphines P-stéréogéniquesCatalyse asymétrique[CHIM.OTHE] Chemical Sciences/Other[PHYS.COND.CM-GEN] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other][PHYS.COND.CM-GEN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other][ CHIM.OTHE ] Chemical Sciences/OtherP-stereogeniques PhosphinesLigands chiraux[CHIM.OTHE]Chemical Sciences/Other
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Circular and linear dichroism of aggregates of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b in 3-methylpentane and paraffin oil.

1996

A circular (CD) and linear dichroism (LD) study of the water adducts of the green plant chlorophylls a (Chl a) and b (Chl b) in hydrocarbon solvents 3-methylpentane and paraffin oil is presented. A strong red shift of the Qy-absorption band from 663 to 746 nm (1678 cm−1) is observed as the water adduct of Chl a is formed. The Chl a-water adduct shows a strong, nonconservative CD signal, which is characterized by a positive peak at 748 nm and two negative peaks at 720 and 771 nm. The maximum CD (AL - AR) is only one order of magnitude smaller than the isotropic absorption maximum. We propose that this exceptionally strong signal is the so-called psi-type CD. The LD spectrum was measured in a…

Chlorophyll bChlorophyll a010304 chemical physicsChemistryAnalytical chemistryfood and beveragesmacromolecular substancesGeneral Medicine010402 general chemistryPhotochemistryLinear dichroism01 natural sciencesBiochemistry0104 chemical sciencesAdductRed shiftchemistry.chemical_compoundAbsorption band0103 physical sciencespolycyclic compoundsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAbsorption (chemistry)3-MethylpentanePhotochemistry and Photobiology
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