Search results for "MAGNETIC DIPOLE"

showing 10 items of 217 documents

Axionlike Particles, Lepton-Flavor Violation, and a New Explanation of aμ and ae

2020

Axionlike particles (ALPs) with lepton-flavor-violating couplings can be probed in exotic muon and tau decays. The sensitivity of different experiments depends strongly on the ALP mass and its couplings to leptons and photons. For ALPs that can be resonantly produced, the sensitivity of three-body decays such as μ→3e and τ→3μ exceeds by many orders of magnitude that of radiative decays like μ→eγ and τ→μγ. Searches for these two types of processes are therefore highly complementary. We discuss experimental constraints on ALPs with a single dominant lepton-flavor-violating coupling. Allowing for one or more such couplings offers qualitatively new ways to explain the anomalies related to the m…

CouplingPhysicsParticle physicsMuonPhotonHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyGeneral Physics and AstronomyElectronElectron magnetic dipole momentPhysics::GeophysicsOrders of magnitude (time)Radiative transferHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentLeptonPhysical Review Letters
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Experimental constraints on the coupling of the Higgs boson to electrons

2015

In the standard model (SM), the coupling of the Higgs boson to electrons is real and very small, proportional to the electron mass. New physics could significantly modify both real and imaginary parts of this coupling. We discuss experiments which are sensitive to the Higgs-electron coupling and derive the current bounds on new physics contributing to this coupling. The strongest constraint follows from the ACME bound on the electron electric dipole moment (EDM). We calculate the full analytic two-loop result for the electron EDM and show that it bounds the imaginary part of the Higgs-electron coupling to be less than 1.7 x 10^-2 times the SM electron Yukawa coupling. Deviations of the real…

CouplingPhysicsParticle physicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsLarge Hadron ColliderAnomalous magnetic dipole momentPhysics beyond the Standard ModelHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyYukawa potentialFOS: Physical sciencesElectron electric dipole momentStandard ModelHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Higgs bosonHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentJournal of High Energy Physics
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Dipolar coupling of nanoparticle-molecule assemblies: An efficient approach for studying strong coupling

2021

Strong light-matter interactions facilitate not only emerging applications in quantum and non-linear optics but also modifications of materials properties. In particular the latter possibility has spurred the development of advanced theoretical techniques that can accurately capture both quantum optical and quantum chemical degrees of freedom. These methods are, however, computationally very demanding, which limits their application range. Here, we demonstrate that the optical spectra of nanoparticle-molecule assemblies, including strong coupling effects, can be predicted with good accuracy using a subsystem approach, in which the response functions of the different units are coupled only a…

Degrees of freedom (statistics)General Physics and AstronomyNanoparticleFOS: Physical sciences010402 general chemistryoptiset ominaisuudet01 natural scienceslinear combination of atomic orbitalstime dependent density functional theorynanorakenteet0103 physical sciencesMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)MoleculePhysical and Theoretical Chemistryoptical spectroscopyQuantumPhysicssurface optics010304 chemical physicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicstiheysfunktionaaliteoriapolarizability0104 chemical sciencesplasmonitRange (mathematics)DipoleChemical physicsDensity functional theorynanoparticlesnanohiukkasetplasmonsMagnetic dipole–dipole interaction
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Stark level crossing and optical-rf double resonance in NaK D 1 Π

1997

We report here (Lambda) -doubling splitting and permanent electric dipole moment d p measurements for a number of vibrotational levels of NaK D 1 II state. Two different methods, which are not Doppler limited, were used. Stark effect induced level crossing was registered as fluorescence polarization changes with external electric field, which allowed us to obtain, from one fit, the values of electric dipole moment and (Lambda) -doubling splitting (Delta) ef between e, f substates of an individual rotational state. Another method consisted in obtaining the ratio (Delta) ef /d p from electric field dependence of the intensity of forbidden line appeared in fluorescence as a result of e- f Star…

DipolePolarization densitysymbols.namesakeElectric dipole momentStark effectChemistryExcited stateElectric fieldTransition dipole momentsymbolsAtomic physicsMagnetic dipoleSPIE Proceedings
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Dynamics of Magnetotactic Bacteria in a Rotating Magnetic Field

2007

The dynamics of the motile magnetotactic bacterium Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense in a rotating magnetic field is investigated experimentally and analyzed by a theoretical model. These elongated bacteria are propelled by single flagella at each bacterial end and contain a magnetic filament formed by a linear assembly of approximately 40 ferromagnetic nanoparticles. The movements of the bacteria in suspension are analyzed by consideration of the orientation of their magnetic dipoles in the field, the hydrodynamic resistance of the bacteria, and the propulsive force of the flagella. Several novel features found in experiments include a velocity reversal during motion in the rotating field a…

Electromagnetic fieldMagnetotactic bacteriaField (physics)MovementBiophysics02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesModels BiologicalQuantitative Biology::Cell BehaviorProtein filamentQuantitative Biology::Subcellular ProcessesMagneticsElectromagnetic Fields0103 physical sciencesMagnetospirillum010306 general physicsMagnetospirillumPhysicsRotating magnetic fieldPhysics::Biological PhysicsbiologyMagnetic moment021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologybiology.organism_classificationequipment and suppliesClassical mechanicsChemical physicsOther0210 nano-technologyMagnetic dipolehuman activitiesBiophysical Journal
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Stability of electrically conducting liquid flow driven by a rotating magnetic dipole in a ring channel

2020

The stability of electrically conducting liquid flow in a cylindrical ring channel is studied numerically. The flow is driven by a rotating magnetic dipole placed at the ring’s center. Depending on ring’s width, two distinct flow regimes are observed. In a narrow ring, the flow itself and its instability resemble the related rotating magnetic field driven flow in a cylinder. This changes in a wide ring when an intense radial jet develops on the midplane. Within this jet, the driving magnetic force is overwhelmed by inertial and viscous forces similar to how it occurs in the boundary layer flow. The instability develops as an azimuthally periodic wave-like deformation of this jet. Non-unifor…

Fluid Flow and Transfer ProcessesPhysicsJet (fluid)Rotating magnetic fieldMechanical EngineeringComputational MechanicsMechanicsCondensed Matter PhysicsRing (chemistry)01 natural sciencesInstability010305 fluids & plasmasMagnetic fieldPhysics::Fluid DynamicsBoundary layerMechanics of Materials0103 physical sciencesCylinder010306 general physicsMagnetic dipolePhysics of Fluids
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Rotating magnetic dipole-driven flows in a conducting liquid cylinder

2021

Four configurations of a rotating magnetic dipole-driven turbulent flow in an electrically conducting liquid cylinder are considered by spectral direct numerical simulation. These configurations differ by parallel or perpendicular orientation of the dipole rotation vector with respect to the nearest surface of the cylinder or its axis. The rotating dipole generates electromagnetic force in a thin outer liquid layer facing it. A concentrated vortex is driven when the dipole rotation vector is perpendicular to the nearest surface. This vortex closely resembles the rotating disk-driven flow. When the dipole rotation vector is parallel to the nearest surface, then a distributed vortex occurs ak…

Fluid Flow and Transfer ProcessesPhysicsTurbulenceMechanical EngineeringComputational MechanicsMechanicsCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasVortexPhysics::Fluid DynamicsDipoleMechanics of MaterialsFree surfaceOrientation (geometry)0103 physical sciencesPerpendicularCylinder010306 general physicsMagnetic dipolePhysics of Fluids
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Investigation of the hyperfine structure of weak atomic Vanadium lines by means of Fourier transform spectroscopy

2015

In continuation of our work on the investigation of the hyperfine structure (HFS) of atomic vanadium, we analyzed weak spectral lines in a Fourier transform spectrum that have not been investigated up to now. The main objective of this work was the determination of the magnetic dipole HFS constant A of the energy level at 15 103.784 cm−1, which was the only energy level with unknown A value up to the energy of 28 000 cm−1. Additionally, other gaps in the data of magnetic dipole HFS could be filled in. The spectrum of vanadium–argon plasma in a hollow cathode lamp is recorded in the spectral range from 12 500 to 26 000 cm−1 or 800 to 380 nm, respectively. The HFS of 42 weak atomic vanadium l…

Hollow-cathode lampPhysicsVanadiumchemistry.chemical_elementPlasmaCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSpectral lineFourier transform spectroscopylaw.inventionsymbols.namesakeFourier transformchemistrylawsymbolsPhysics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physicsHyperfine structureMagnetic dipoleJournal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
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Probing Lorentz invariance and other fundamental symmetries in3He/129Xe clock-comparison experiments

2011

We discuss the design and performance of a very sensitive low-field magnetometer based on the detection of free spin precession of gaseous, nuclear polarized 3He or 129Xe samples with a SQUID as magnetic flux detector. Characteristic spin precession times T*2 of up to 60 h were measured in low magnetic fields (about 1μT) and in the regime of motional narrowing. With the detection of the free precession of co-located 3He/129Xe nuclear spins (clock comparison), the device can be used as ultra-sensitive probe for non-magnetic spin interactions, since the magnetic dipole interaction (Zeeman-term) drops out in the weighted frequency difference, i.e., Δω = ωHe− γHe/γXe·ωXe. We report on searches …

Larmor precessionPhysicsHistorySpin polarizationLorentz covarianceComputer Science ApplicationsEducationMagnetic fieldThomas precessionClassical mechanicsQuantum electrodynamicsPrecessionSpin (physics)Magnetic dipoleJournal of Physics: Conference Series
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Permanent magnet dipole stirrer for aluminium furnaces

2018

Use of permanent magnet systems for metallurgical applications have been proposed before. We have continued development of such systems by investigation use of single magnetic dipole which is realized as permanent magnet cylinder. Magnet is magnetized orthogonal to its axis and has been mounted to the side of the liquid metal reservoir. System first was modelled using small scale experiment with galinstan melt. Velocity distributions and flow patterns in reservoir using Ultrasound Doppler Anemometer were acquired and will be presented here. Additionally, numerical model using Comsol and Cenos modelling software were developed alongside analytical, non-dimensional estimation calculations. Ex…

Liquid metalMaterials scienceMechanical engineering02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology020501 mining & metallurgyGalinstanDipolechemistry.chemical_compound0205 materials engineeringchemistryAnemometerElectromagnetic coilMagnetCylinder0210 nano-technologyMagnetic dipoleIOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
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