Search results for "MAMP"

Mechanisms of Defence to Pathogens : Biochemistry and Physiology

2014

SPE IPM; International audience; Plant defences comprise both pre-existing barriers as well as defences induced upon perception of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) or microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) or molecules produced from damage as a result of infection (damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs)). This chapter focuses on the induced mechanisms of defence. The inducibility of phytoalexin biosynthesis has probably been favoured in the course of evolution by biological constraints such as metabolic costs and functional side-effects associated with chemical defence. Historically, the term ‘hypersensitive’ refers to the rapid and localized cell death induced in…

Bacterial rhamnolipids are novel MAMPs conferring resistance to Botrytis cinerea in grapevine

2009

International audience; Rhamnolipids produced by the bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa are known as very efficient biosurfactant molecules. They are used for a wide range of industrial applications, especially in food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical formulations as well as in bioremediation of pollutants. In this paper, the role of rhamnolipids as novel molecules triggering defence responses and protection against the fungus Botrytis cinerea in grapevine is presented. The effect of rhamnolipids was assessed in grapevine using cell suspension cultures and vitro-plantlets. Ca2+ influx, mitogen-activated protein kinase activation and reactive oxygen species production form part of early signalling…

The grapevine flagellin receptor VvFLS2 differentially recognizes flagellin-derived epitopes from the endophytic growth-promoting bacterium Burkholde…

2014

International audience; The role of flagellin perception in the context of plant beneficial bacteria still remains unclear. Here, we characterized the flagellin sensing system flg22-FLAGELLIN SENSING 2 (FLS2) in grapevine, and analyzed the flagellin perception in the interaction with the endophytic plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR) Burkholderia phytofirmans. The functionality of the grapevine FLS2 receptor, VvFLS2, was demonstrated by complementation assays in the Arabidopsis thaliana fls2 mutant, which restored flg22-induced H2O2 production and growth inhibition. Using synthetic flg22 peptides from different bacterial origins, we compared recognition specificities between VvFLS2…

Cnidarian Immunity and the Repertoire of Defense Mechanisms in Anthozoans

2020

Anthozoa is the most specious class of the phylum Cnidaria that is phylogenetically basal within the Metazoa. It is an interesting group for studying the evolution of mutualisms and immunity, for despite their morphological simplicity, Anthozoans are unexpectedly immunologically complex, with large genomes and gene families similar to those of the Bilateria. Evidence indicates that the Anthozoan innate immune system is not only involved in the disruption of harmful microorganisms, but is also crucial in structuring tissue-associated microbial communities that are essential components of the cnidarian holobiont and useful to the animal’s health for several functions including metabolism, imm…

"Table 2" of "A precise measurement of the real part of the elastic scattering amplitude at the Sp(bar)pS."

1993

Real part of amplitude extracted using a more precise UA4 measurement. (1 +RE(AMP)/IM(AMP)**2)SIG(TOT) = 63.5 +- 1.5 MB (Bozzo et al. PL 147B(1984)392).

Identification et caractérisation du récepteur à la flagelline (VvFLS2) et recherche du récepteur aux chito-oligosaccharides chez la vigne

2014

Pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) play a key role in plant immunity by assuring recognition of microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs), signature of microbial presence. MAMP perception constitutes the first layer of pathogen detection and activates defense mechanisms that aim to block the intruder. This study brings an insight into how grapevine (Vitis vinifera) perceives two MAMPs: the flagellin-derived flg22 peptide and chitin, which are conserved motifs occurring over the whole bacterial and fungal classes, respectively. This study analyzed MAMP-triggered early signaling events, defense gene expression and also the efficiency of elicited defense against gray mold and downy milde…

Identification of the VvFLS2 grapevine flagellin receptor by a functional genomics strategy

2013

National audience; Grapevine (Vitis vinifera) is a crop of high agronomic interest subject to many destructive diseases. Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) mediate detection of potential pathogens via the perception of pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), which is important for plant disease resistance. A well studied PRR is the Arabidopsis leucine-rich repeat receptor kinase FLS2 that recognizes bacterial flagellin (or its minimal motif flg22). Flagellin perception plays an important role in restricting bacterial invasion into plant leaves. Until now, functional FLS2 orthologues have been characterized in Nicotiana benthamiana, rice and tomato. Despite its economical importanc…

Comment stimuler l’immunité de la vigne avec des éliciteurs

2013

NO signaling in tobacco elicited by the MAMP cryptogein

2015

SPEPôle IPM; International audience; During the past years, nitric oxide (NO) has been shown to be a major cell signaling messenger in plants. Its importance has been highlighted during plant responses to pathogen attack or MAMPs (microbe associated molecular patterns) and during induced resistance or priming phenomenon. The major focus of our research is to understand how nitric oxide can modulate the activity of protein involved in plant defense. We identified several proteins undergoing S-nitrosylation, a redox-based post-translational modification of proteins, in tobacco cells elicited by cryptogein, a 10 kDa protein produced by the oomycete Phytophthora cryptogea and inducing immune re…

Induced resistance in grapevine: from concept to vineyard application

2012

SPE IPM Chapitre 11; International audience