Search results for "MARA"

Tra conservazione e innovazione: la Banca Mondiale e la modificazione del concetto di sviluppo, 1946–1981

2004

Dopo la seconda guerra mondiale si è a lungo ritenuto che la crescita economica fosse uno strumento sufficiente a migliorare in un ragionevole lasso di tempo le condizioni di vita delle popolazioni dei paesi in via di sviluppo. La Banca Mondiale ha condiviso questo punto di vista, dedicandosi a investimenti di carattere direttamente produttivo o infrastrutturale. Alla fine degli anni Sessanta divenne però evidente che la crescita economica non coinvolgeva tutti gli strati delle popolazioni di un paese, spesso escludendo dal processo gli strati più poveri. La crescita economica non implicava necessariamente un adeguato sviluppo dei sistemi sociali e politici dei paesi interessati. La Banca M…

Benedetto Marabitti e gli altari in alabastro della chiesa di Santa Caterina di Chiusa Sclafani

2015

Si ricostruisce su base documentaria la produzione artistica di Benedetto Marabitti ed in particolare il suo intervento nella chiesa di Santa Caterina di Chiusa Sclafani.

Biowaiver Monograph for Immediate-Release Solid Oral Dosage Forms: Bisoprolol Fumarate

2014

Abstract Literature data relevant to the decision to allow a waiver of in vivo bioequivalence (BE) testing for the approval of immediate-release (IR) solid oral dosage forms containing bisoprolol as the sole active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) are reviewed. Bisoprolol is classified as a Class I API according to the current Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS). In addition to the BCS class, its therapeutic index, pharmacokinetic properties, data related to the possibility of excipient interactions, and reported BE/bioavailability problems are taken into consideration. Qualitative compositions of IR tablet dosage forms of bisoprolol with a marketing authorization (MA) in ICH (Inter…

Pomara Saverino, Bruno: Rifugiati. I moriscos e l'Italia

2018

Budesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy: a new treatment approach for adult patients with asthma.

2007

An inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) or an ICS/long-acting beta(2)-agonist (LABA) combination plus short-acting beta(2)-agonist (SABA) as needed for symptom relief is recommended for persistent asthma. Additionally, budesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy (Symbicort SMART, AstraZeneca, Sweden) has been approved for adults in the European Union. This option is well tolerated and offers greater reductions in asthma exacerbations together with similar improvements in daily symptom control, at a lower overall steroid load, compared with fixed-dose ICS/LABA plus SABA.Two large clinical trials investigated the use of budesonide/formoterol as maintenance and reliever compared with medium…

Overall asthma control: the relationship between current control and future risk.

2009

Background Asthma guidelines emphasize both maintaining current control and reducing future risk, but the relationship between these 2 targets is not well understood. Objective This retrospective analysis of 5 budesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy (Symbicort SMART Turbuhaler ∗ ∗Symbicort SMART and Turbuhaler are trademarks owned by AstraZeneca. Neither the Symbicort SMART posology nor the dry powder formulation Turbuhaler are currently approved in the United States.) studies assessed the relationship between asthma control questionnaire (ACQ-5) and Global Initiative for Asthma-defined clinical asthma control and future risk of instability and exacerbations. Methods The perc…

Routine Use of Budesonide/Formoterol Fixed Dose Combination in Elderly Asthmatic Patients: Practical Considerations

2017

Asthma has been demonstrated to be as common in the elderly as in younger age groups. Although no specific recommendations exist to manage the disease differently in older individuals, functional features and clinical presentations may be affected by age per se, and by age-related conditions, such as comorbidities and polypharmacy. In this review article, we aimed to explore the efficacy and safety in elderly asthmatic patients of one of the most currently used inhaled treatments for asthma, that is, the fixed-dose combination of budesonide/formoterol. We attempted to address some practical questions that are relevant to the daily practice of clinicians. We focused on the efficacy and real-…

Regular versus as-needed budesonide and formoterol combination treatment for moderate asthma: A non-inferiority, randomised, double-blind clinical tr…

2015

Summary Background Treatment guidelines for patients with moderate persistent asthma recommend regular therapy with a combination of an inhaled corticosteroid and a longacting β 2 agonist plus as-needed rapid-acting bronchodilators. We investigated whether symptom-driven budesonide and formoterol combination therapy administered as needed would be as effective as regular treatment with this combination plus as-needed symptom-driven terbutaline for patients with moderate asthma. Methods In this non-inferiority randomised clinical trial, we recruited adult patients (18–65 years of age) with stable moderate persistent asthma, according to 2006 Global Initiative for Asthma guidelines. Patients …

Th17 immunity in children with allergic asthma and rhinitis: a pharmacological approach

2013

Th17 cells and IL-17A play a role in the development and progression of allergic diseases. We analyzed the IL-17A levels in sputum supernatants (Ss), nasal wash (NW) and plasma (P) from Healthy Controls (HC) and children with Asthma/Rhinitis. We tested the expression of IL-17A, RORγ(t) and FOXP3 in peripheral blood T-lymphocytes from intermittent and mild-moderate asthma. The effect of Budesonide and Formoterol was tested "in vitro" on IL-17A, RORγ(t) and FOXP3 expression in cultured T-lymphocytes from mild-moderate asthma/persistent rhinitis patients, and on nasal and bronchial epithelial cells stimulated with NW and Ss from mild-moderate asthma/persistent rhinitis. Further, the effect of …

Budesonide/formoterol for the treatment of asthma.

2003

Budesonide/formoterol (Symbicort), AstraZeneca plc) is a novel treatment for asthma, combining an inhaled corticosteroid - budesonide, and a long-acting beta(2)-agonist - formoterol, in a single inhaler, the Turbuhaler. Randomised, clinical studies in patients with asthma have demonstrated that budesonide/formoterol is more effective than the inhaled corticosteroids, budesonide and fluticasone alone, and at least as effective as both monocomponents in separate inhalers. Results from clinical studies suggest a synergistic effect when both drugs are administered via one inhaler, although the mechanisms for this are not fully understood. Budesonide/formoterol has a rapid onset of effect, appar…