Search results for "MATTER"

showing 10 items of 16762 documents

4,4'-[Thiophene-2,5-diylbis(ethyne-2,1-diyl)]dibenzonitrile

2008

In the solid state, the title compound, C(22)H(10)N(2)S, forms centrosymmetric dimers by pairs of non-classical C-H⋯S hydrogen bonds linking approximately coplanar mol-ecules. The benzene ring involved in this inter-action makes a dihedral angle of only 7.21 (16)° with the thio-phene ring, while the other benzene ring is twisted somewhat out of the plane, with a dihedral angle of 39.58 (9)°. The hydrogen-bonded dimers stack on top of each other with an inter-planar spacing of 3.44 Å. C-H⋯N hydrogen bonds link together stacks that run in approximately perpendicular directions. Each mol-ecule thus inter-acts with 12 adjacent mol-ecules, five of them approaching closer than the sum of the van …

optoelectronicsmolecular electronicsSolid-state.Dihedral angle010402 general chemistryRing (chemistry)BioinformaticsOrganic Papers01 natural sciencesnanoelectronicsFaculdade de Ciências Exatas e da Engenhariasymbols.namesakechemistry.chemical_compound44000-[Thiophene-25-diylbis(ethyne-21diyl)]dibenzonitrilePerpendicularPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersGeneral Materials ScienceVan der Waals radiusPhysics::Chemical PhysicsBenzene010405 organic chemistryChemistryHydrogen bondGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter Physics3. Good health0104 chemical sciencesCrystallographysymbolsorganic compoundsActa Crystallographica Section E: Crystallographic Communications
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A stable isotope study of the hydrological and carbon cycle in meromictic lake, Lovojärvi

2012

Lake Lovojärvi, at its deepest point of 17.5 m, is permanently stratified forming two water layers. The mixolimnion (the upper layer, from 0 to 10 m depth) is affected by seasonal changes while the monimolimnion (bottom layer, from 10 to 17.5 m depth) does not mix and is not affected by seasonal changes. As a result, the lake stores large quantities of dissolved inorganic carbon and methane. I used a multiple stable isotope approach to gain insight into the carbon cycle and water balance of Lovojärvi. The δ18O and δ2H profiles reveal that at the 7 m depth in the mixolimnion, there is a sub-surface stream whose isotopic characteristics are similar to surface streams from a nearby mire, sugge…

orgaaniset aineetDissolved inorganic carbonisotoopitstratificationmethanehiilistable isotopeskerrostuneisuusLovojärvimetaaniorganic matter
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Merging Features from Green's Functions and Time Dependent Density Functional Theory: A Route to the Description of Correlated Materials out of Equil…

2016

We propose a description of nonequilibrium systems via a simple protocol that combines exchange-correlation potentials from density functional theory with self-energies of many-body perturbation theory. The approach, aimed to avoid double counting of interactions, is tested against exact results in Hubbard-type systems, with respect to interaction strength, perturbation speed and inhomogeneity, and system dimensionality and size. In many regimes, we find significant improvement over adiabatic time dependent density functional theory or second Born nonequilibrium Green's function approximations. We briefly discuss the reasons for the residual discrepancies, and directions for future work.

out of equilibriumexchange-correlation potentialmany body perturbation theoryGeneral Physics and AstronomyPerturbation (astronomy)Non-equilibrium thermodynamicsFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyResidual01 natural sciencesnon-equilibrium Green's functionCondensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electronstime dependent density functional theory0103 physical sciencesMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Statistical physicsnonequilibrium system010306 general physicsAdiabatic processcorrelated materialsPhysicsCondensed Matter - Materials Scienceta114Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)Time-dependent density functional theory021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyinteraction strengthperturbation techniquesFunction approximationDensity functional theory0210 nano-technologyCurse of dimensionality
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First measurement of quarkonium polarization in nuclear collisions at the LHC

2021

The polarization of inclusive J/$\psi$ and $\Upsilon(1{\rm S})$ produced in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}=5.02$ TeV at the LHC is measured with the ALICE detector. The study is carried out by reconstructing the quarkonium through its decay to muon pairs in the rapidity region $2.5<y<4$ and measuring the polar and azimuthal angular distributions of the muons. The polarization parameters $\lambda_{\theta}$, $\lambda_{\phi}$ and $\lambda_{\theta\phi}$ are measured in the helicity and Collins-Soper reference frames, in the transverse momentum interval $2<p_{\rm T}<10$ GeV/$c$ and $p_{\rm T}<15$ GeV/$c$ for the J/$\psi$ and $\Upsilon(1{\rm S})$, respectively. The polarization parameter…

p(p)over-bar collisions ; j/psi production ; pp collisions ; suppression ; rapidity ; matterheavy ion: scatteringPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsVDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Fysikk: 430::Kjerne- og elementærpartikkelfysikk: 431P(P)OVER-BAR COLLISIONSQuarkoniumPb-Pb collisionshiukkasfysiikkanucl-ex01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)ALICE[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]J/psi(3100): polarizationNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)Nuclear ExperimentNuclear ExperimentQuarkonium polarization ALICE nuclear collisionsquarkonium: polarizationPhysicsLarge Hadron ColliderPhysicsP(P)OVER-BAR COLLISIONS; J/PSI PRODUCTION; PP COLLISIONS; SUPPRESSION; RAPIDITY; MATTERPolarization (waves)QuarkoniumHelicitylcsh:QC1-9993. Good healthCERN LHC Collpolarisaatio (aaltoliike)polarization [Upsilon(9460)]LHCParticle Physics - ExperimentquarkoniumReference frameNuclear and High Energy Physicsmuon: angular distributionFOS: Physical sciencespolarization [J/psi(3100)]transverse momentum[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]114 Physical sciencesNuclear physicsscattering [heavy ion]0103 physical sciencesmuon: pairpolarization [quarkonium]Nuclear Physics - Experimentddc:530RapidityJ/PSI PRODUCTION5020 GeV-cms/nucleon010306 general physicsSUPPRESSIONALICE experiment heavy-ion collisions quarkoniapolarizationMuonPP COLLISIONShep-ex010308 nuclear & particles physicsangular distribution [muon]High Energy Physics::PhenomenologyALICE experimentheavy-ion collisionsquarkoniapolarization quarkonium Pb-Pb collisionsUpsilon(9460): polarizationLHC-Bpair [muon]rapidityQuarkonium; LHC; Pb-Pb collisionsQuark–gluon plasmaHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentMATTERlcsh:Physicsexperimental results
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Open-source QCD analysis of nuclear parton distribution functions at NLO and NNLO

2019

We present new sets of nuclear parton distribution functions (nPDFs) at next-to-leading order (NLO) and next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO). Our analyses are based on deeply inelastic scattering data with charged-lepton and neutrino beams on nuclear targets. In addition, a set of proton baseline PDFs is fitted within the same framework with the same theoretical assumptions. The results of this global QCD analysis are compared to existing nPDF sets and to the fitted cross sections. Also, the uncertainties resulting from the limited constraining power of the included experimental data are presented. The published work is based on an open-source tool, xFitter, which has been modified to be ap…

particle interactionsParticle physicsHEAVY FLAVOR PRODUCTIONProtonPREDICTIONSFOS: Physical sciencesPartonhiukkasfysiikkaInelastic scatteringPROTON114 Physical sciences01 natural sciencesUNCERTAINTIESnucleus-neutrino interactionsCROSS-SECTIONSSet (abstract data type)High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)DEPENDENCEquantum chromodynamics0103 physical sciencesnonperturbative effects in field theory010306 general physicsNuclear Experimentquantum field theoryperturbation theoryDEEP-INELASTIC-SCATTERINGQuantum chromodynamicsPhysics010308 nuclear & particles physics3-LOOP SPLITTING FUNCTIONSnucleon distributionSTRUCTURE-FUNCTION RATIOSDeep inelastic scatteringEVOLUTIONHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyDistribution functionQCD in nuclear reactionsnuclear matterHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNeutrinoydinfysiikka
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A CNN Adaptive Model to Estimate PM10 Monitoring

2006

In this work we introduce a model for studying the distribution and control of atmospheric pollution from PM10. The model is based on the use of a cellular neural network (CNN) and more precisely on the integration of the mass-balance equation; at the same time it simulates the scenario regarding a planar grid describing the whole studied area (the city of Palermo) by means of a CNN and a set of Bayesian networks. The CNN allows us to define a grid system whose dynamic evolution is a redefinition of the diffusion equation that considers contributions coming from near cells for each element of the grid. Dynamics of each cell is influenced by meteorological effects and by parameters related t…

particulate matterPolynomialAdaptive controlDiffusion equationbusiness.industryComputer scienceMass balanceAir pollutionAir pollutionBayesian networkAtmospheric pollutionFunction (mathematics)ParticulatesGridmedicine.disease_causeUrban structureCellular neural networkAir qualitymedicineArtificial intelligencebusinessAlgorithmAir quality index
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Morphology and composition of particulate matter in the air of urban area

2019

Zanieczyszczenie powietrza przez pyl zawieszony (PM) staje się w ostatnich latach coraz bardziej znaczące. Stwierdzono, że unoszące się w powietrzu cząsteczki niosą różne niekorzystne skutki dla środowiska i zdrowia ludzkiego. Aby poszerzyć wiedzę na temat takich zanieczyszczeń, pożądana jest szczegółowa charakterystyka rozmiarów, morfologii i składu chemicznego poszczególnych cząstek zawieszonych w po- wietrzu. W prezentowanych badaniach mikrocząsteczki powietrza zostały pobrane z filtrów taśmowych z włókna szklanego, które są powszechnie stosowane w analizatorach cząstek stałych MP101M. Próbki zostały zebrane w Kutnej Horze (Republika Czeska), były badane metodami skaningowej mikroskopii …

particulate matterair filtersmorfologiaelectron microscopyfiltry powietrzaelemental compositionmorphologymikroskopia elektronowapył zawieszonyshapeskład pierwiastkowykształtEcological Chemistry and Engineering. A
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Impurity behaviour in JET-ILW plasmas fuelled with gas and/or with pellets: a comparative study with the transport code COREDIV

2021

Abstract This study deals with the comparison of impurity behaviour in pellet and gas fuelled JET-ITER like wall pulses with the aim of finding the mechanisms leading to the generally observed higher concentration of tungsten in pellet fuelled plasmas. In fact, tungsten is the main high-Z impurity in the JET-ILW plasmas and is responsible for most of the radiative losses in the plasma core. Analysis of the experimental data pertaining to pulses at different plasma currents, different input power and different electron densities is integrated by numerical modelling with the self-consistent fluid transport code COREDIV. Experimentally, and numerically, the ratio between the radiated power in …

pellets and gas puffNuclear and High Energy PhysicsJet (fluid)Code (set theory)high-ZimpuritytransportMaterials sciencePhysics::Plasma PhysicsImpurityexperiments and numerical simulationsNuclear engineeringPelletsPlasmaCondensed Matter PhysicsNuclear Fusion
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Ontogenetic δ15N Trends and Multidecadal Variability in Shells of the Bivalve Mollusk, Arctica islandica

2021

Bulk stable nitrogen isotope values of the carbonate-bound organic matrix in bivalve shells (δ15NCBOM) are increasingly used to assess past food web dynamics, track anthropogenic nitrogen pollution and reconstruct hydrographic changes. However, it remains unresolved if the δ15NCBOM values are also affected by directed ontogenetic trends which can bias ecological and environmental interpretations. This very aspect is tested here with modern and fossil specimens of the long-lived ocean quahog, Arctica islandica, collected from different sites and water depths in the NE Atlantic Ocean. As demonstrated, δ15NCBOM values from the long chronologies show a general decrease through lifetime by −0.00…

periostracumnitrogen isotopesontogenySciencephysiologyQsclerochronologyGeneral. Including nature conservation geographical distributionQH1-199.5particulate organic matterFrontiers in Marine Science
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Asymmetric hysteresis for probing Dzyalohsinskii-Moriya interaction

2016

The interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) is intimately related to the prospect of superior domain-wall dynamics and the formation of magnetic skyrmions. Although some experimental efforts have been recently proposed to quantify these interactions and the underlying physics, it is still far from trivial to address the interfacial DMI. Inspired by the reported tilt of the magnetization of the side edge of a thin film structure, we here present a quasi-static, straightforward measurement tool. By using laterally asymmetric triangular-shaped microstructures, it is demonstrated that interfacial DMI combined with an in-plane magnetic field yields a unique and significant shift in m…

perpendicular magnetic anisotropyNucleationFOS: Physical sciencesBioengineering02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesMagnetization0103 physical sciencesMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)General Materials Sciencechiral magnetThin film010306 general physicsPhysicsDzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactionspintronicsCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsSpintronicsCondensed matter physicsMechanical EngineeringSkyrmionMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)General Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsMagnetic hysteresisMagnetic fieldHysteresisnanomagnetism0210 nano-technologyasymmetric hysteresis loopNano Letters
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